APES Evolution ICA

Evidence has led scientists to believe that the polar bear is a relatively new species closely related to the brown bear. As some bears wandered in search of food, a population of brown bears was split off from the rest of the bears by glaciers. Some of the bears in the population that split off had thick white fur adapted to the arctic conditions and were able to survive, reproduce, and leave behind more offspring than other bears leading to

Differential reproduction

The science of paleontology attempts to reconstruct the development of life on earth. Most of the evidence comes from

Fossils

Which kind of diversity allows organisms on earth to adapt to and survive many changing environmental conditions?

Genetic Diversity

An example of current evolution by natural selection is

Genetic resistance of some strains of bacteria to antibiotics

Evidence has led scientists to believe that the polar bear is a relatively new species close related to the brown bear. As some bears wandered in search of food, a population of brown bears was split off from the rest of the bears by glaciers. What process occurred as a result of the two populations of bears being separated by the glacier?

Geographic isolation

Genetic variablity in a population is introduced through mutations. Which of the following is NOT implicated in leading to mutations

Greenhouse gasses

Humans alter the evolution of populations through all of the following EXCEPT

Reproductive isolation

Speciation can occur as a result of I Geographic Isolation II Background extinction III Reproductive isolation

I and III only

Which of the following conditions must be present for natural selection to occur in a population? I There must be genetic variability with the population II The trait must be heritable III The trait must lead to differential reproduction

I, II, III only

Biological evolution is based on I The ability of individuals to adapt to their environment II Changes in a population's genetic makeup over time III Changes in the traits of an individual

II only

Some specialist species provide early signs that ecosystems are changed or damaged

Indicator species

A species such as zebra mussels move from one water system to the other on the bottom of boats. Upon arriving, their generalist adaptations allow them to take over niches from local species and modify ecosystems.

Invasive species

According to the theory of island biogeography, what features most affect the equilibrium of immigration and extinction?

Island size and distance from the mainland

A species ecological niche is

Its pattern and role in the ecosystem

The American alligator digs depressions which act as sparse watering holes during the dry season in the Everglades.

Keystone species

All are true of endemic species EXCEPT

Often generalists

Species diversity

is a combination of species richness and species eveness

Species richness is defined as

the number of different species within a community