Apes final study
How many fewer pounds of CO2 are released by the 30 mpg car than by the 20 mpg
20000
How many fewer gallons of water will the family use with the new showerheads?
3,600
The amount of compostable waste that could be generated by one individual in a week would be closest to
8.4 kg
Which of the countries listed in the chart above most likely to have limited to have limited educational opportunities for women
A
Fragmentation of tropical forests due to human activities is leading to a significant loss of biodiversity in this area
Africa
Large quantities of methane hydrates are located in this region and if released will contribute significantly to global climate change
Alaska
This region of the world is currently experiencing the largest average annuak temperature increase because of anthropongenic climate change
Alaska
Which of the following represents a positive feedback loop in the artic that is associated with anthropogenic climate change
Arctic ocean ice melts> ocean surface water temperature increases> more ice melts
Long term intensive agriculture that does not add soil amendments such as manure or fertilizer has been shown to decrease soil organic matter content. Which of the following figures best shows this relationship
C
Which environment is most likely to be characterized by dry scrub with frequent fires
C
Which of the countries above is most likely experiencing a population decline
C
Which of the following best describes the impact of atmospheric carbon dioxide and stratospheric aerosols
Carbon dioxide contributes to global warming and aerosols cause cooling
Catalytic converters reduce which of the following pairs of pollutants in car exhaust
Carbon monoxide and hydrocarbons
Which of the following is the most likely route for mercury to enter the food web
Coal burning emissions...
Which of the following will best test the hypothesis
Comparing plant surviorship in areas where hikers stay on the trail with plant surviorship in area where hikers leave the trail
Hydraulic fracturing, or fracking, is the pumping of highly pressurized water with a mixture of sand and chemicals into boreholes to
Create seismic movement and artificial eathquakes in order to liberate gas and oil.
Which of the following age structure diagrams represent a population that most likely has a negative growth rate?
D
Which of the following would most likely reduce the concentration of ground level ozone in the air of a city
Decrease in the emissions of nitrogen oxides
Storm water runoff from the new development into nearby samel creek will likely lead to which of the following?
Destruction of fish habitats by high levels of suspended solids and sediments
The k selectionreproductive strategy maximizes survival of offspring by producing
Few offspring with high levels of parental care
All of the following are considered hosuehold hazardous waste except
Food scraps
Which of the following best explains the graphs above?
Fruits and vegetables give the greatest monetary return per water usage
Extraction of natural gas by the process of hydraulic fracking is most likely to result in which of the following environmental problems
Groundwater contamination
The terrestrial biomes shown in the diagram above vary in net primary productivity. The explanation for the variation includes which of the following
I and II
An experiment was carried out to determine the lethal dose of ammonium sulfate on mung bean germination. True statements about the experimental design include which of the following?
II and III
Which of the following scenarios is NOT likely to result from increased temperatures in the arctic
Increased melting of sea ice decreases the sea level and levels and leads to more arable land area that can farmed
Another likely cause for the expected decline is
Increasing numbers of women entering the workforce in developing nations
Was once widely ised in the US as a gasoline additive
Lead
The presence of which of the following in soil is most likely to neutralize acid rain?
Limestone
Open oceans produce the largest share of Earth's biomass because the net primary productivity of the ocean is
Low, but the large expanse of the oceans supports enourmous numbers of producers such as phytoplankton
Which of the following, if true, best supports the claim of the citizens group?
Oak and hickory are late successional species; pioneer species will dominate for many decades before the oaks and hickories are reestablished
Which of the following hypotheses, if supported by experimental results, best demonstrates an economic benefit to the ranchers?
Pastures with the highest diversity of plant species will have the highest net primary productivity
Which of the following statements is consistent with the graphs above
People in North America consume more meat per capital than people in other
Which of the following is the most likely cause of recent blooms of blue-green algae in lake erie?
Phosphorus contained in agricultural runoff
The suns radiation provides energy for all off the following except
Plate tectonics
Which of the following measures would be most likely to promote fertility above replacement level
Public housing priority for families with more than two children
A gaseous decay product of uranium that is found in rocks
Radon
A leading cause of lung cancer in the US
Radon
This region has been the largest pertroleum exporter for the past four decades
Saudi arabia
Which of the following is the best description of bioaccumulation
The absorption of a substance by an organism at a rate greater than the rate of elimination
Which of the following would have been the most likely result?
The concentration of O3 would have been lower
Construction of a solar power plant is proposed for a desert area near a school. A student has hypothesized that the shade cast by the solar panels will increase the mortality of creosote bush, a native desert plant in the area. Before construction begins, what experimental data should the student collect in order to eventually test the hypothesis?
The direct sunlight recieved by creosote bush in the desert area during a 12 month period
Which of the following is the most likely explanation of how herbicides affect amphibians?
The herbicides act as endocrine disruptors
Which of the following is true about utility bills for these consumers?
Then bills do not include public health costs, such as those associated with air pollution
Which of the following is considered an advantage of using nuclear power to generate electricity?
There is no CO2 emitted from the nuclear reaction.
Which of the following will be the greatest impact of the development on the local water supply?
There will be less recharge of groundwater
Which of the following is true about the clean air act amendment of 1990
They regulated the emission of CO2 by power plants
Which of the following Is the most likely explanation of the data
Two of the samples were collected from an A horizon, and the others were collected from a B horizon
Damaging tornadoes occur most frequently in this area
US
Area where new crust is being created at a divergent plate boundary
Under greenland
The best explanation for lower humidity is that
Warm air rises at the equator, cools, and sinks at 30 latitude
Which of the following is an example of carbon sink?
deposition of organic matter on the deep ocean floor
Which of the following accuratelyh describes a fuel cell vehicle
fuel cell vehicles use hydrogen to generate electricity that runs the motor
Which of the following diagrams correctly illustrates the nitrogen cycle?
A
Increased atmospheric CO2 concentration over the next 50 years is expected to cause which of the following global changes?
A significant loss of biodiversity in the tropics
Eutrophication results in the death of trout and other fish as a result of
Asphyxiation from lack of oxygen
Which of the following is the human health impact most closely associated with atmospheric particulates?
Asthma
Which environment is characterized by rhe highest diversity of tree species
B
All of the following are negatice externalities EXCEPT
Bees pollinating vegetables in addition to creating honey
The line labeled K represents the
Carrying capacity of the population
Area that exhibits a growing nonvolcanic mountain chain due to uplift
China
Major anthropogenic sources of nitrogen pollution include commercial fertilizers, vehicle exhaust, industrial air pollution
Discharge of sewage to surface waters
Surface oceanic circulation results most directly in the
Distribution of heat from tropical to temperate and polar regions
A major limitation of using photovaltaic cells to generate electricity is that they
Do not produce as much electricity on cloudy days
However, anthropogenic water vapor does not contribute significantly to global warming because water vapor
Does not contain carbon
Which of the following questions is most appropriate to ask when investigating the cause of the change in the alpine meadows?
Has an increase in soil nitrates from air pollution allowed the invasive grasses to outcompete the native plants
Which of the following correctly links a negative human health effect to an anthropogenic source of fine particulate matter?
High rates of respiratory disease from powe4r plant emissions
Which of the following statements is best supported by the population doubling times indicated on the map ?
India has a higher population growth rate than china and Australia have
What important phenomenon that often plays a role in air pollution episodes is illustrates in the diagram above?
Inversion
Which of the following is true of the ogallala aquifer
It underlies the US high plains and is being depleted by overuse
Area that exhibits island areas
Japan
Poses a health risk to humans who eat large quantities of marine fish such as swordfish and tuna
Mercury
Which of the following best explains the pattern in NO concentrations?
NO is produced rush hour-traffic and is quickly oxidized in the atmosphere
Red pine trees are currently found growing in only the cool northernmost areas of the central and eastern United States. Climate change is expected to have an impact on the distribution of the species. Which of the following describes the most likely change to the distribution of red pine over the next 200 years?
Red pine distribution will shift northward into canada
Based on these data, which site is most likely immediately downstream from the dairy farm
Site C
Small isolated islands have a greater rate of species extinction
Small isolated islandss have a lower availability of resources
Phytoplankton are most abundant in the upper few hundred feet of most bodies of water because
Sunlight does not penetrate to great depths in water
Which of the following best explains the relationship between the El nino event and the population decline?
Warmer ocean temperatures can cause fish to move to colder water farther from pelican nest sites.
The spread of infectious diseases is expected to increase with climate change, mainly because
Warmer temperatures allow disease-carrying insects to survive in areas that were once too cold
Which of the following is the best example of the tradgedy of the commons
Water pollution from oil rigs concentrated in the Gulf of Mexico
Which is a reason why hybrid electric vehicles use less fossil fuel per mile traveled than a typical internal combustion engine vehicle uses
When the brakes are applied in hybrid electric vehicles, kinetic energy is converted into electric energy to charge the batteries that assist the electric motor