apII hw 14 digestive I
What is the primary digestive function of the pancreas? (Module 22.23A)
to produce buffers and enzymes for the digestion of starches, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins
Distinguish between chemical digestion and absorption. (Module 22.5B)
Chemical digestion involves the breakdown of food, whereas absorption involves the movement of nutrients across the digestive epithelium into the interstitial fluid
Lacteals
carry absorbed fats to the lymphatic system
An intestinal hormone that stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to release bile is
cholecystokinin
After food and gastric juices combine, the gastric contents are referred to as
chyme
Which of the following does not enhance the absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine?
cilia
Gastrin secretion is associated with
food arriving in the stomach
The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is
gastrin
Regions of the stomach include all of the following except pylorus body cardia fundus ileum
ileum
Circular folds and intestinal villi
increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine
The jejunum:
is the site where the bulk of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs
Which organ is responsible for dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials?
large intestine
Carbohydrate digestion begins in the
mouth
Name the four layers of the digestive tract beginning from the lumen of the digestive tract. (Module 22.2B)
mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa
Gastric pits are
openings into gastric glands
Chief cells secrete
pepsinogen
Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called
peristalsis
Explain the significance of peritoneal fluid. (Module 22.9C)
prevent friction and irritation when digestive organs move
The enzyme pepsin digests
proteins
Does a high-fat meal raise or lower the level of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the blood? (Module 22.14C)
raise
The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called
rugae
The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release enzymes and buffers is
secretin
Describe the anatomy of the intestinal mucosa. (Module 22.12B)
The intestinal mucosa has circular folds, villi, and intestinal glands
Explain the significance of the alkaline mucous layer lining the interior surface of the stomach. (Module 22.11A)
The mucous layer protects epithelial cells from the acid and enzymes in the gastric lumen
Which of the following is not true of parietal cells?
They release bicarbonate into the lumen of gastric glands
The enzyme that breaks down complex carbohydrates is
amylase
Each of the following is a function of the liver except
antibody production
The oral cavity is lined by which type of epithelium? (Module 22.6A)
stratified squamous epithelium
List the accessory organs of the digestive system. (Module 22.1C)
teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas
What anatomical feature of the stomach allows the organ to form chyme? (Module 22.10B)
the 3 muscular layers allows mixing and churning
Describe the function of the large intestine. (Module 22.5C)
Dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials in preparation for elimination
Distinguish between the exocrine and endocrine secretions of the pancreas. (Module 22.18B)
The exocrine pancreas produces buffers and enzymes and the endocrine pancreas produces hormones
