apII hw 14 digestive I

What is the primary digestive function of the pancreas? (Module 22.23A)

to produce buffers and enzymes for the digestion of starches, lipids, nucleic acids, and proteins

Distinguish between chemical digestion and absorption. (Module 22.5B)

Chemical digestion involves the breakdown of food, whereas absorption involves the movement of nutrients across the digestive epithelium into the interstitial fluid

Lacteals

carry absorbed fats to the lymphatic system

An intestinal hormone that stimulates contraction of the gallbladder to release bile is

cholecystokinin

After food and gastric juices combine, the gastric contents are referred to as

chyme

Which of the following does not enhance the absorptive effectiveness of the small intestine?

cilia

Gastrin secretion is associated with

food arriving in the stomach

The hormone that stimulates secretion and contraction by the stomach is

gastrin

Regions of the stomach include all of the following except pylorus body cardia fundus ileum

ileum

Circular folds and intestinal villi

increase the surface area of the mucosa of the small intestine

The jejunum:

is the site where the bulk of chemical digestion and nutrient absorption occurs

Which organ is responsible for dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials?

large intestine

Carbohydrate digestion begins in the

mouth

Name the four layers of the digestive tract beginning from the lumen of the digestive tract. (Module 22.2B)

mucosa, submucosa, muscular layer, serosa

Gastric pits are

openings into gastric glands

Chief cells secrete

pepsinogen

Waves of muscular contractions that propel the contents of the digestive tract are called

peristalsis

Explain the significance of peritoneal fluid. (Module 22.9C)

prevent friction and irritation when digestive organs move

The enzyme pepsin digests

proteins

Does a high-fat meal raise or lower the level of cholecystokinin (CCK) in the blood? (Module 22.14C)

raise

The prominent ridges in the lining of the empty stomach are called

rugae

The intestinal hormone that stimulates the pancreas to release enzymes and buffers is

secretin

Describe the anatomy of the intestinal mucosa. (Module 22.12B)

The intestinal mucosa has circular folds, villi, and intestinal glands

Explain the significance of the alkaline mucous layer lining the interior surface of the stomach. (Module 22.11A)

The mucous layer protects epithelial cells from the acid and enzymes in the gastric lumen

Which of the following is not true of parietal cells?

They release bicarbonate into the lumen of gastric glands

The enzyme that breaks down complex carbohydrates is

amylase

Each of the following is a function of the liver except

antibody production

The oral cavity is lined by which type of epithelium? (Module 22.6A)

stratified squamous epithelium

List the accessory organs of the digestive system. (Module 22.1C)

teeth, tongue, salivary glands, liver, gallbladder, pancreas

What anatomical feature of the stomach allows the organ to form chyme? (Module 22.10B)

the 3 muscular layers allows mixing and churning

Describe the function of the large intestine. (Module 22.5C)

Dehydration and compaction of indigestible materials in preparation for elimination

Distinguish between the exocrine and endocrine secretions of the pancreas. (Module 22.18B)

The exocrine pancreas produces buffers and enzymes and the endocrine pancreas produces hormones