APK Exam 2
What is the recommended dietary allowance for protein in healthy sedentary adults?
0.8 g/kg per body weight
Which of the following is the most appropriate test for aerobic capacity in a previously untrained, deconditioned individual who expresses a desire to achieve high performance levels? 1.5-mile run test 1-mile walk test 12-minute run test yo-yo intermittent recovery test
1-mile walk test
When submerged underwater up to the neck, the body bears what percentage of its dry land mass? 10% 20% 30% 40%
10%
When preparing the client for a battery of fitness testing , the personal trainer should recommended that the client consume a light snack or meal approximately how long before the test? 30 Minutes 1 Hour 2-4 Hours 8 Hours
2-4 Hours
What is the recommended period of rest between attempts of the 300-yard shuttle? 1 minute 1-2 minutes 3-5 minutes at least 10 minutes
3-5 minutes
The recommendation for the general public from most health organizations is that fat should contribute _____ or less of the total calories consumed. 10% 20% 30% 40%
30%
What is a recommendation for the general public from most health organizations that fat should contribute to what percentage of calories consumed
30% of total calories
What is the standard weight of an Olympic barbell? 25 lb (12kg) 35 lb (16 kg) 45 lb (20 kg) 60 lb (28 kg)
45 lb (20 kg)
What is the recommended amount of time a client should be seated before taking a BP measurement?
5 minutes
How many grams of carbohydrates prevent ketosis?
50 to 100 g per day
Which of the following would be the MOST appropriate amount of time following an initial test of strength to schedule a reassessment? 1 week 2 weeks 8 weeks 16 weeks
8 weeks
The arm stroke action in the front crawl provides as much as ________ of the propulsion force needed to move the body through the water 20%-30% 40%-50% 60%-70% 80%-90%
80%-90%
Exercise RPE (rated perceived exertion) is an example of what?
A clients level of perceived effort or intensity
Define the term reliability
A measure of repeatability or consistency of a test or an observation
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding vital signs? Vital signs include heart rate Vital signs include blood pressure A personal trainer will only measure them in the rested state They can be used to determine exercise intensity
A personal trainer will only measure them in the rested state
Which of the following program are likely to be recommended by a physician for a person who has limitations or preexisting conditions that would redistrict involvement but not limit participation? No program recommended An unsupervised program A supervised program A medically supervised program
A supervised program
Define Construct Validity
A theoretical concept meaning a test is able to differentiate between performance abilities.
During the finish phase of using the rowing machine, the handle should be pulled into which part of the client's body? His Abdomen Chest Shoulders
Abdomen
When spotting over-the-face barbell exercises, the personal trainer should grasp the bar with which type of grip? Pronated grip, outside of the client's grip Supinated, inside of the client's grip Supinated grip, outside of the client's grip Alternated grip, inside of the client's grip
Alternated grip, inside of the client's grip
One MET (metabolic) is an estimate of a person's oxygen consumption at what?
At rest, 3.5 ml x kg-1 x min-1
Which of the following statements is CORRECT regarding flexibility? Resistance training for flexibility should focus on antagonist muscles Improper resistance training can impair flexibility Resistance training reduces flexibility by making clients too muscular Resistance training for flexibility should only use partial ranges of motion
Improper resistance training can impair flexibility
Define Content valitdity
Indicates an expert has determined that a test covers all topics or abilities it should.
Define the term validity.
Indicates that a test measures what it is supposed to measure. Is the test score truthful, does the assessment instrument really test what it claims to be testing?
What is the name given to the sounds of the blood, heard through a stethoscope, acting against vessel walls? Pavlov Chekhov Selye Korotkoff
Korotkoff
Which of the following is a recommendation made on the USDA's website for MyPlate? Focus on whole fruits Make one quarter of your plate fruits and vegetables. Move to low-fat or fat-free milk or yogurt. Vary your veggies.
Make one quarter of your plate fruits and vegetables.
How to determine reliability
Measure the same trait under under the same conditions, with no intervention before a subsequent measurement is performed.
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding multiple spotters? More than two spotters are never necessary It is common to use one spotter at each end of the bar during the front or back squat exercise Multiple spotters must perfectly synchronize when and how much they assist the client If the load is beyond the personal trainer's ability to handle effectively, an additional spotter must be used
More than two spotters are never necessary
This test is the most appropriate for aerobic capacity for untrained or deconditioned individuals
Non-exercise based estimation of VO2 max
This could be used to measure exercise intensity.
OMNI-Resistance Exercise scale
All of the following skinfold sites are appropriate for performing a three-site skinfold for a 45-year-old male client EXCEPT Chets Suprailium Abdomen Thigh
Suprailium
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding stairclimber stepping speed? Stepping speed generally ranges from 43 to 95 steps per minute Short, fast steps result in a stepping depth that is too shallow The client should become comfortable with a stepping speed that elicits the appropriate metabolic demands and yet encourages proper biomechanics The faster the stepping rate, the better
The faster the stepping rate, the better
When conducting a lifestyle evaluation, evidence shows a strong relationship between diet, physical activity levels, stress management, and __________________. behavioral patterns educational level socioeconomic status genetics
behavioral patterns
Which of the following terms is used to describe a form of attaining dietary intake data that is typically a log, filled out for three days, in which the client records everything consumed (foods, beverages, and supplements)? diet recall diet history diet record food frequency questionnaire
diet record
Which of the following is not a part of the SMART acronym for goal setting? specific motivation action oriented realistic
motivation
Which of the following has the highest thermic effect of food? carbohydrate protein fat fiber
protein
If a body composition test is repeated twice on the same day, and the scores are within 0.1% body fat percentage of each other, the test could be said to have which of the following? You Answered face validity content validity construct validity reliability
reliability
What is the recommended amount of carbohydrate intake to support strength training, sprint training, and skilled exercise?
Strength and skilled training: 5 to 6 g/kg body weight per day Sprint training: 7 to 10 g/kg body weight per day
Which of the following devices do NOT typically require calibration? Sphygmomanometers Skinfold calipers Stopwatches Treadmills
Stopwatches
What us a relevant indicator of overweight status in a fairly sedentary population, but not relevant to athletes with increased lean muscle mass and low percentage of body fat
Body max index (BMI)
Which of the following grips is used for the barbell shoulder press exercise? Closed, pronated Closed, supinated Closed, neutral Open, alternated
Closed, pronated
What is par-q?
Consists of questions requiring self-recall of observations and signs and symptoms experienced by the client, in addition to confirmation of diagnosis by a physician
If an expert has determined that a test covers all of the topics that it should, it is said to have which of the following? Reliabilty Construct validity Content validity Face validity
Content validity
Guidelines for stability ball training include all of the following EXCEPT Ensuring that the ball is inflated until firm Correctly sizing the ball by ensuring that the client's knees are slightly below parallel when seated Understanding that clients may fatigue easily when transitioning from machines exercises to those on a stability ball Recognizing that it is beneficial to start which less complex exercises and build gradually
Correctly sizing the ball by ensuring that the client's knees are slightly below parallel when seated
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the T-test? The first 10 yards is a forward sprint Crossing of the feet during the shuffle is allowed The client shuffles to the left for a TOTAL of 10 yards The client shuffles to the right for a TOTAL of 10 yards
Crossing of the feet during the shuffle is allowed
Which of the following is an advantage of machine-based training? Enhanced ability to target specific muscle groups Greater activation of stabilizer muscles Improved muscle activation patterns in athletic movements Stronger carryover to sport performance
Enhanced ability to target specific muscle groups
"The ability of a joint to move freely through the full normal range of motion (ROM)" defines which of the following? Mobility Flexibility Dynamic flexibility Static flexibility
Flexibility
Which of the following terms is used to refer to the range of motion around a joint or a series of joints? Flexibility Laxity Dynamic stability Stiffness
Flexibility
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding blood lipids? Cholesterol os carried in the blood by HDL and LDL LDL may be more predictive of CVD than total cholesterol HDL molecules release cholesterol HDLs act as a protective mechanism
HDL molecules release cholesterol
In cold conditions, much of the body's heat is lost through which of the following? I. Head II. Torso III. Upper arms and legs IV. Extremities I and II only II and III only III and IV only I and IV only
I and IV only
This is a major sign or symptom suggestive of cardiovascular and pulmonary diseases
Pain or discomfort (or the other anginal equivalent) in the chest, neck, jaw, arms, or other areas that may be due to ischemia (lack of blood flow) Shortness of breath at rest os with mild exertion Dizziness or syncope (fainting) Orthopnea (the need to sit up to breath comfortably) or paroxysmal (sudden, unexpected attack) nocturnal dyspnea (shortness of breath at night) Ankle edema (swelling, water retention) Palpitations or tachycardia (rapid heart rate) Intermittent claudication (cramp-like pain during exercise that disappears after exercise cessation) Known heart murmur Unusual fatigue or shortness of breath with usual activities
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding gathering baseline data? They establish a baseline for future comparisons of improvement or rate of progress Personal trainers should conduct all tests available to them They provide assistance in clarification of short-, intermediate-, and long-term goals They help to identify of areas of potential injury or contraindications before program initiation
Personal trainers should conduct all tests available to them
What does par-q stand for?
Physical activity readiness questionnaire
What test requires the most practice and preparation for personal trainers before they conduct the test
Record-keeping system
If a body composition test is repeated twice on the same day, their scores are within .1% of body fat between each other, this test is said to be what?
Reliable
Which of the following is a personal trainer's scope of practice regarding nutrition?
Responsible for interviewing potential clients to gather and assess pertinent information about their personal health, medical conditions, and lifestyle to meet their individual health and fitness objectives safely and effectively
What is the MOST important principle underlying the client consultation? Assess goals Motivate the client Seen participants for risk factors Educate the client
Seen participants for risk factors
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding the assumption of risk or waiver? It is an agreement by a client, before beginning participants, to give up, relinquish, or waive the participant's rights to legal remedy in the event of injury The document typically includes waiving rights even in the case of provider negligence The legal implications associated with the implementation and execution of the assumption of risk agreement are clear If a personal trainer needs to prove in court that a participant was aware of how to avoid risks and assumed the risk of an activity, this type of document may prove helpful
The legal implications associated with the implementation and execution of the assumption of risk agreement are clear
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding single-leg squat and forward step-down tests? The number of repetitions performed are used to score the test Used to assess movement quality in the lower limb The forward step-down procedure provides an alternative the less conditioned individuals They required strength, proprioception, neuromuscular control, and adequate range of motion
The number of repetitions performed are used to score the test
Define Face validity
The test appears to test what it is supposed to test
Which of the following is TRYE about manual resistance training exercises? They are only used for partial, not full range of motion They allow personal trainers to apply varying amounts of resistance during exercise They are not beneficial practices to use for isometric muscle actions of the trunk They require a lot of training equipment
They allow personal trainers to apply varying amounts of resistance during exercise
Which of the following is INCORRECT regarding stress and CVD? Stress is related to the risk for CVD Type B behavior patterns may contribute to the overall risk for developing CVD Risk factors can be measured through emotional stress inventories The personal trainer should be able to identify signs and symptoms of stress overload
Type B behavior patterns may contribute to the overall risk for developing CVD
Which of the following is INCORRECT about arm-ups? Warming up is a part of the foundation of a successful practice session Research shows that individuals who warmup before their main activity tend to be more mentally prepared Often clients attempts to take shortcuts in warm-ups procedure Warm-ups raise the total body temperature, but not that of the muscles themselves
Warm-ups raise the total body temperature, but not that of the muscles themselves
Define Test-retest method
When a test is repeated with the same individual or group within one to three days, and sometimes u to one week later if the test is particularly strenuous
