Applied A & P: Test 2
elements that have atoms with full outer shells of electrons
are inert gases
all fatty acids contain a functional group at one end called the ___ acid group
carboxylic
electrons in an atom occupy series of electron shells or
energy levels
which element commonly has only a proton in its nucleus
hydrogen
the three structural components of a nucleotide are a pentose, a phosphate group, and a ___ base
nitrogenous
the mass number represents the number of
protons plus neutrons
interaction between individual polypeptide chains to form a protein complex is ___ structure
quaternary
cholesterol, phospholipids, and glycolipids are examples of
structural lipids
the pH of the least acidic solution (between 1.0 and 12.0)
12.0
when a small amount of HCl or NaOH is added to a solution of Na2HPO4, the pH of the solution barely changes. based on these observations, all of the following are true concerning the compound Na2HPO4 except: 1. Na2HPO4 is able to accept extra hydrogen ions from the HCl. 2. Na2HPO4 is able to donate hydrogen ions to the OH- from NaOH. 3. Na2HPO4 adsorbs excess H+ and OH- directly onto the surface of its crystalline structure. 4. Na2HPO4 is a salt formed from reacting a strong base with a weak acid. 5. Na2HPO4 acts as a buffer.
3. NOT TRUE: Na2HPO4 absorbs excess H+ OH- directly under the surface of its crystalline structure
substrate molecules bind to enzymes at the ___ sites
active
the monomers of protein are
amino acids
lipids: a. form essential structural components of cells b. provide a significant energy reserve c. help to maintain body temperature d. cushion organs against shock e. all
e. all of the answers are correct
electrons whirl around the center of the atom at high speed, forming a(n)
electron cloud
the three familiar states of matter are solids, liquids, and ___
gases
the ___ of a radioactive substance is the time required for 50 percent of a given amount of radioisotope to decay
half-life
in water, phospholipids tend to form tiny droplets with hydrophobic tails inside called
micelles
molecules with two fatty acid chains and a phosphate group that form biological membranes are called
phospholipids
a fatty acid that contains two or more double covalent bonds is said to be
polyunsaturated
identify the correct statement regarding the process of denaturization
the loss of protein structure