APUSH Ch. 10-11 test

Major event that happened during Seneca Falls Convention?

"Declaration of Sentiments"-declared that "all men and women are created equal" Rights were overshadowed by slavery crisis

What were shakers?

Held property in common and kept men and women strictly seperate

What did New Harmony do?

Hoped community would provide an answer to problems of inequality and alienation caused by Industrial Rev.

What was the American Colonization Society?

Idea of transporting freed slaves to African colony (appealed to moderate antislavery reformers and politicians)

What was the cult of domesticity?

Idealized view of women as moral leaders in the home (Men were moral leaders until they had jobs outside the home)

What did Dorothea Dix do?

Launched country crusade publicizing awful treatment she witnessed against mentally ill persons

Where was the Antebellum reform largely found?

North and west-south was unaffected

What was the American Peace Society?

Objective of abolishing war

What state took lead in prison reforms?

Pennsylvania-used solitary confinement to force prisoners to reflect on their sins and repent (stopped because of prisoner suicides)

What was genre painting?

Portrayed everyday life of ordinary people

What were dietary reforms?

Promote good digestion-eating whole wheat bread

What were New Laws?

Protect sailors from being flogged

What were transcendentalists?

Questioned the doctrines of established churches and business practices of the merchant class and argued for more mystical and intuitive way of thinking as a means for discovering one's inner self and looking for essence of God in nature. (Valued individualism and viewed organized institutions as unimportant and supported reforms)

What was the Second Great Awakening?

Reaction against the rationalism (Belief in human reason) that had been fashioned during Enlightenment and American Revolution

What was Millennialism?

Religious enthusiasm of the time was based on the fact that the world was about to end with the second coming of Jesus (Seventh-Day Adventists

What was temperance movement?

Started because of high rate of alcohol consumption and prompted reformers to target alcohol as the cause of social ills & began by using moral exhortion

What did Amana colonies do?

Started religious reform known as Pietism and emphasized simple, communal living

What was phrenology

Study of bumps on an individual's skull to assess person's character and ability

Why was the U.S Gov. hostile to the Mormons?

They practiced pologamy (more than one wife)

How did artists and writers change during the Second Great Awakening?

They shifted away from Enlightenment emphasis on balance, order and reason and moved towards intuition, feelings, individual acts of heroism and study of nature

What were dress reforms?

Urged women to wear pantalettes instead of long skirts

What was the "burned over district"?

Western New York-thousands publicly declared their revived faith in 1823 (Charles G. Finney appealed to people's emotions and fears of damnation)

What was the American Antislavery Society?

William Lloyd Garrison wanted immediate abolition of slavery in every state and territory without compensating slaveowners- burned Constitution to get point across

What were modernizers?

Workers who wanted to create a perfect society in the North while southerners were committed to tradition and slow support of public education (viewed social reform as a northern threat against southern's way of life)

What changed about literature?

Writes helped create a distinctively American literature (War of 1812-people became more nationalistic)

Who was Horace Mann?

leading advocate of the common school movement-secretary of Massachusetts Board of Education

What was Brook Farm?

1841 by George Ripley-wanted to achieve "a more natural union between intellectual and manual labor". Remembered for atmosphere of artistic creativity, innovative school and appeal to New England's elite

What happened during Nat Turner revolt?

55 whites were killed but whites retaliated and killed hundreds of African Americans brutally

Which of the following is or are most similar to the statement in the excerpt A) Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions B) Monroe Doctrine C) Specie Circular D) Tallmadge Amendment

A) Kentucky and Virginia Resolutions

The first free public education system in the United States began in which of the following colonies? A) Massachusetts B) New York C) Pennsylvania D) Virginia

A) Massachusetts

President Jackson's veto fo the Bank bill would contribute most significantly to A) Lower interest rates B) a financial panic C) increased land sales D) Clay's political support

B) A financial panic

Stevens disagrees with those who oppose free public education because A) It is an example of government control B) It will result in increased taxes C) Schools lack qualified teachers D) Schools are under protestant influences

B) It will result in increased taxes

Which of the following groups provided the greatest support for the Jackson's veto of the Bank? A) Manufacturers B) Nativists C) Southerners D) Westerners

B) Nativists

Sojourner Truth saw connection between the women's rights movement and A) The second great awakening B) the antislavery movement C) the cult of domesticity D) the constitution

B) The antislavery movement

Which of the following groups held views most similar to the ideas expressed in this excerpt A) Revivalists B) Transcendentalists C) Phalanxes D) Millennialists

B) Transcendentalists

Sojourner Truth strongly rejects criticisms of women that are based on which of the following? A) The ideas of transcendentalism B) the cult of domesticity C) the teachings of religion D) The working status of women

B) the cult of domesticity

What was the largest Protestant denomination in 1850 & how did it happen?

Baptists and Methodists- preachers traveled around and attracted those who had never belonged to a church before

What was the liberty party?

Believed political action was more practical to end slavery

Who was Ralph Waldo Emerson and why was he important?

Best known transcendentalist and a popular speaker. Expressed individualistic and nationalistic spirit by urging Americans to not imitate European culture

Van Buren believed that the strength of the American economy was based on A) the banking system B) the manufacturing sector C) farmers and planters D) the Specie Circular

C) Farmers and Planters

While Calhoun and many other Southerners disagreed with President Jackson's opposition to nullification, they agreed with him on A) His support for higher federal spending B) His support for a national bank C) His opposition to the anti-slavery movement D) His opposition to states' rights

C) His opposition to the anti-slavery movement

Thoreau challenged the government because A) he rejected all forms of government B) He opposed war in all cases C) It engaged in a war to take land from Mexico D) it taxed people without representation

C) It engaged in a war to take land from Mexico

Which of these groups would most strongly agree with Stevens on his view of education? A) Transcendentalists B) Business leaders C) Jacksonian Democrats D) Protestant churches

C) Jacksonian Democrats

President Jackson's guiding principle to check "the injustices of government" was A) limited government B) The two party system C) Universal suffrage D) civil service system

C) Universal suffrage

What were Mormons?

Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-Day Saints-based on Book of Mormon (connection between Indians and lost tribes of Israel). Established the New Zion on banks of Great Salt Lake in Utah

Who was Henry David Thoreau and why was he important?

Conducted a two-year experiment of living in the woods outside town-remembered as a pioneer ecologist and conservationalists

Which of the following was the immediate cause of the publication of the statement in this excerpt? A) The election of Andrew Jackson B) The decision to halt to slave importation C) A Supreme Court decision on states' rights D) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress

D) An increase in the tariff passed by Congress

Thoreau believed that a just man should be prepared to do which of the following? A) Organize opposition B) Run for elected office C) overthrow the government D) Go to jail for his beliefs

D) Go to jail for his beliefs

Which of the following individuals would be most critical of Van Buren's economic policy as presented in this excerpt A) Andrew Jackson B) Roger Taney C) Robert Hayne D) Henry Clay

D) Henry Clay

What did Oneida Community do?

Dedicated a social and economic equality and members shared property/marriage partners. Ended up producing and selling silverware of excellent quality

When did the public education movement begin?

During Jacksonianera-middle class was motivated by fears for the future because of uneducated poor numbers rising

What did Roman Catholics do about schooling?

Founded private schools that focused on virtues of hard work, punctuality, and sobriety

What architecture was common?

Greek architecture