Apush Chapter 17

44. Samuel Gompers was the leader of the A. American Federation of Labor. B. Molly Maguires. C. Knights of Labor. D. Congress of Industrial Organization. E. American Railway Union.

- A. American Federation of Labor.

10. In the 1870s, the "internal combustion engine" was developed in A. Europe. B. the United States. C. Asia. D. Africa. E. Australia.

- A. Europe.

6. In the United States, the steel industry first emerged in A. Pennsylvania and Ohio. B. Vermont and Massachusetts. C. Illinois and Indiana. D. New Jersey and New York. E. Alabama and Mississippi.

- A. Pennsylvania and Ohio.

47. In what industry did the Homestead strike of 1892 occur? A. steel B. railroad C. meatpacking D. coal E. oil

- A. steel

22. To John D. Rockefeller, the great "curse" of business in the late nineteenth century was A. government regulation. B. cutthroat competition. C. the income tax. D. the corporate tax. E. the chronic labor shortage.

- B. cutthroat competition.

2. Who among the following began to develop an oil empire by taking control of competing oil companies in Ohio? A. Cyrus Field B. J.P. Morgan C. John D. Rockefeller D. Andrew Carnegie E. Samuel Morse

- C. John D. Rockefeller

42. The Knights of Labor A. was primarily a trade union. B. did not allow women to join. C. began as a secret fraternal organization. D. focused its efforts on improving wages and reducing hours. E. tried in particular to enlist support for their cause from lawyers.

- C. began as a secret fraternal organization.

15. A key to Henry Ford's success in mass production of automobiles was A. the use of welds instead of rivets to speed production. B. a reduction in the size of his labor force. C. the use of interchangeable parts. D. the training of highly skilled workers. E. his encouragement of labor unions in organizing his factories.

- C. the use of interchangeable parts.

43. At its height in 1886, the Knights of Labor were led by A. Uriah S. Stephens. B. Eugene Debs. C. Henry Clay Frick. D. Terence V. Powderly. E. John Peter Altgeld.

- D. Terence V. Powderly.

25. The social theory of Social Darwinism A. argued the new industrial economy was limiting the potential for individual wealth. B. contended that ruthless corruption may be necessary in the attainment of wealth. C. was created by Charles Darwin to explain industrial economies. D. promoted the idea that capitalism offered all people a chance for great wealth. E. argued that it behooved industrial titans to spread their wealth to the lower classes.

- D. promoted the idea that capitalism offered all people a chance for great wealth.

28. According to the ideas expressed by Andrew Carnegie in his The Gospel of Wealth, A. successful businessmen had every right to live as they pleased. B. only pious Americans would prosper. C. it was the "Christian duty" of every American to become wealthy. D. the rich had great responsibilities to society. E. the wealthy had earned their money through God's blessing alone.

- D. the rich had great responsibilities to society.

48. Which of the following events did NOT occur during the Homestead strike of 1892? A. Henry Frick shut down the plant in an attempt to destroy the Amalgamated union. B. The entire Pennsylvania National Guard was ordered to protect strikebreakers. C. Hundred of guards hired by Homestead were defeated in a deadly battle with strikers. D. One radical made a failed attempt to assassinate Henry Clay Frick. E. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike.

- E. The Amalgamated trade union won the strike.

3. Prior to the Civil War, the steel industry in the United States A. boomed as a result of the expanding United States Navy. B. emerged as an important supplier for railroad construction. C. largely replaced the iron industry. D. resulted in the construction of large commercial ocean freighters. E. barely developed at all.

- E. barely developed at all.

40. The Molly Maguires were a militant A. offshoot of the Knights of Labor. B. anti-immigration organization. C. woman suffrage organization. D. anarchist group. E. labor union in the coal industry.

- E. labor union in the coal industry.

14. In the early twentieth century, a principle goal of "Taylorism" was to A. make industrial workers more independent in carrying out their jobs. B. emphasize the importance of craft and quality in the workplace. C. encourage industrial workers to act creatively to solve production problems. D. create a large labor force of highly skilled workers. E. organize industrial production into many simple tasks.

- E. organize industrial production into many simple tasks.

20. The business structure of Carnegie Steel was a good example of A. vertical integration. B. horizontal integration. C. diagonal integration. D. central integration. E. vertical and horizontal integration.

- E. vertical and horizontal integration

21. The business structure of Standard Oil was a good example of A. vertical integration. B. horizontal integration. C. diagonal integration. D. central integration. E. vertical and horizontal integration.

- E. vertical and horizontal integration.