APUSH EXAM CIVIL WAR QUESTIONS

As the Civil War began, the South seemed to have the advantage of a. more talented military leaders. b. greater ability to wage offensive warfare. c. superior industrial capabilities. d. superior transportation facilities.

A

Clement L. Vallandigham, a Southern sympathizer and a tempestuous opponent of the draft and of the war, was derisively labeled by supporters of President Lincoln as a a. Copperhead. b. Contraband. c. Carpetbagger. d. foreign agent of Great Britain.

A

In the l864 election, the Democratic party nominated ____ to oppose Lincoln's reelection. a. George McClellan b. Ulysses S. Grant c. Andrew Johnson d. Clement C. Vallandigham

A

Most working people in Britain sided with the North because a. they had developed a class consciousness and moral revulsion about the evils of slavery and hoped that the Civil War would eventually extinguish slavery in the South and the western territories. b. France had sided with the South and they hated the French. c. they relied on the Northern economy for their own jobs. d. they hoped to one day have the opportunity to relocate to and profit in the U.S.

A

Of all the hardships faced by the soldiers during the Civil War, the greatest was a. disease. b. decline of moral standards. c. lack of proper clothing. d. starvation.

A

The Civil War was a "women's war" in all of the following ways except a. women were encouraged to run for office to fill political posts abandoned by men. b. women were able to professionalize nursing. c. military demand for shoes and clothing drew women into industrial employment. d. women aided men on the battlefront as spies or by posing as male soldiers

A

The Union victory at Vicksburg on July 4, 1863 was of major importance for all of the following reasons except a. it was the last major battle of the Civil War. b. coupled with the victory at Gettysburg, foreign help for the Confederacy was irretrievably lost. c. it cut off the supply of cattle and other goods from Texas and Louisiana. d. it helped to quell Northern peace agitation.

A

The political group in the North most dangerous to the Union cause was the group known as... a. Copperheads. b. Northern War Democrats. c. Radical Republicans. d. Union Party.

A

A supposed asset for the South at the beginning of the Civil War that never materialized to its real advantage was a. the fighting skill of Southern males. b. naval/military intervention from Britain and France. c. its ability to fight on its own soil. d. effective military leadership.

B

Arrange the following in chronological order: (A) the Battle of Bull Run, (B) the Battle of Gettysburg, (C) Lee's surrender at Appomattox, and (D) the Battle of Antietam. a. A, B, D, C b. A, D, B, C c. D, B, C, A d. B, C, A, D

B

During the Civil War, Britain and the United States were nearly provoked into war by a. Britain's refusal to observe the Union's blockade of Southern ports. b. the Trent affair, involving the removal of Southern diplomats from a British ship by a Union warship in 1861. c. the incompetence of Charles Francis Adams, the United States ambassador to London. d. Napoleon III's effort to place Maximilian on the Mexican throne.

B

General George B. McClellan, commander of the Union's Army of the Potomac, is best described as a. poorly prepared for military leadership. b. overly cautious. c. disliked by his own men. d. aggressive.

B

In 1861, many Northerners were willing to allow Southern states to leave the Union until a. South Carolina seceded from the United States. b. the South attacked Fort Sumter. c. John Brown's raid on Harpers Ferry. d. Robert E. Lee was named to head the potential new nation's army.

B

In order to persuade the Border States to remain in the Union, President Lincoln a. relied solely on moral appeal. b. used legally dubious methods including the declaration of martial law in Maryland and the deployment of Union soldiers in a local civil war in Missouri. c. never had to use troops. d. guaranteed that they could keep slavery permanently.

B

Lincoln declared from the outset of the Civil War that a. he wanted to see an end to slavery. b. he was not fighting to free black slaves. c. slaves in all the Confederate states were now legally emancipated. d. he believed blacks and whites were equal.

B

The Confederacy enlisted slaves into their army as fighting soldiers a. in lieu of forcing tens of thousands of slaves into involuntary labor which included building fortifications and supplying armies. b. only a month before the war ended. c. in recognition that the idea of slavery was wrong. d. at the beginning of the war.

B

The Confederacy's most effective commerce-raider was the a. Trent. b. Alabama. c. Virginia. d. Merrimack.

B

The North's greatest strength in the Civil War was its a. navy. b. economy, particularly its greater manufacturing capacity and more efficient and extensive railroad network. c. high morale. d. ethnic unity.

B

The greatest weakness of the South during the Civil War was its a. weak overall morale for the Confederacy among most Confederate soldiers. b. economy, particularly its limited manufacturing capacity and inferior railroad network. c. inefficient political system. d. slave population.

B

All Slavery was legally abolished in the United States by the a. ratification of the Fourteenth Amendment to the Constitution. b. Emancipation Proclamation. c. ratification of the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitution. d. surrender terms of Robert E. Lee to Ulysses S. Grant at Appomattox.

C

As a result of the Union fighting to a draw militarily at Antietam Creek (1862) with Robert E. Lee's Confederate army a. the Union commanders were left without an overall military strategy. b. Lincoln named George McClellan commander of the Union forces. c. Lincoln was now prepared to issue his Emancipation Proclamation. d. Lincoln decided that the key to the war was controlling the Mississippi River.

C

During the Civil War, a. Southern armies found no way of utilizing slave labor. b. about one out of every four Union troops was African-American. c. African-American troops were enlisted by the Union army only after the Emancipation Proclamation was issued. d. thousands of slaves rose in armed rebellion behind Southern lines.

C

In the election of 1864, the Republicans joined with the prowar Democrats and founded the ____ party. a. National b. Populist c. Union d. Liberty

C

Lincoln's declaration that the North sought to preserve the Union with or without slavery a. came as a disappointment to most Northerners and demoralized the Union. b. caused some seceded states to rejoin the Union. c. revealed the influence of the Border States on his policies. d. contradicted the campaign promises of the Republican party.

C

Napoleon III's attempt to install Maximilian on the Mexican throne was a clear violation of a. the Rush-Bagot agreement. b. French neutrality. c. the Monroe Doctrine d. Spanish sovereignty.

C

President Lincoln hoped that a Union victory at Bull Run (Manassas Junction) in 1861 would a. pull the Border states out of the Confederacy. b. prompt widespread desertions from a despondent Confederate army. c. lead to the capture of the Confederate capital at Richmond. d. destroy the economy of the South.

C

The South believed that the British would come to its aid because a. Britain still had slavery in its empire. b. British Canada was strongly hostile to the Union. c. Britain was dependent on Southern "King Cotton". d. the people in Britain would demand such action.

C

The two major battles of the Civil War fought on Union soil were a. Shiloh and Chancellorsville. b. Peninsula Campaign and Fredericksburg. c. Gettysburg and Antietam. d. Bull Run and Vicksburg.

C

Union General Ulysses S. Grant's basic strategy in the Civil War involved a. striking tactically from the flanks. b. destroying the enemy's economy and undermining civilian morale. c. assailing the enemy's armies simultaneously, massively, and directly. d. using long-range artillery assaults.

C

African Americans who fought for the Union Army in the Civil War a. accounted for less than 1 percent of total Union enlistments. b. refused to serve under white officers. c. served mainly in military support units. d. included the brave and accomplished 54th Massachusetts Infantry Regiment, which suffered heavy casualties during the Union siege of Fort Wagner, South Carolina in 1863.

D

Confederate batteries fired on Fort Sumter when it was learned that a. the fort's commander was planning to evacuate his troops secretly from the fort. b. Lincoln had ordered the fort reinforced with federal troops. c. southern support for secession was weakening. d. Lincoln had ordered supplies sent to the fort.

D

General Robert E. Lee decided to invade the North through Pennsylvania in the summer of 1863 in order to a. force the Union to ease its blockade of the South. b. stir northern draft resisters to rise in revolt. c. cut Northern supply lines. d. deliver a decisive blow that would strengthen the Northern peace movement and encourage foreign intervention on behalf of the South.

D

In Lincoln's attempts to preserve the Union, he did all of the following questionable actions as president except a. suspended the writ of habeas corpus. b. increased the size of the federal army. c. proclaimed a blockade of the Southern ports. d. refused to implement a draft, or conscription law, during the war.

D

The Southern cause was weakened by a. a lack of sound military leadership. b. a president, Jefferson Davis, who catered to public opinion and did not work hard at his job. c. the constant threat of slave rebellion. d. the concept of states' rights that the Confederacy professed ran contrary to the vision of a tight, well-knit central government held by its president, Jefferson Davis.

D

When it was issued in 1863, the Emancipation Proclamation declared free only those slaves in a. slave states that remained loyal to the Union. b. United States territories. c. the Border States. d. Confederate states still in rebellion against the United States.

D