APUSH Per. 4 Quiz (Ch. 7-12)
Why had most local unions and all the national labor organizations disappeared by 1843?
A depression and surplus of unemployed workers spelled ruin for unions.
What statement describes the concept of republican motherhood?
A limited revision of traditional domestic roles for women.
Charles Grandison Finney considered every person to be which of the following?
A moral free agent
What distinguished the entrepreneurial planters of the Cotton South in the 1840s and 1850s from the upper-class planters of the Old South?
A plain and simple life
The market revolution that took place in America beginning in the 1820s was prompted by the construction of
A system of canals and roads linking the Atlantic coast states and the trans-Appalachian west.
How did the French Revolution affect the American economy?
American merchants profited handsomely from the war that resulted from it.
What was intensified in the mid-nineteenth century by the social tensions stemming from industrialization?
Anti-Catholic Sentiment
How did the federal government respond to abolition between 1836 and 1844?
By blocking debate of antislavery petitions in Congress
How did the Chesapeake region contribute to the domestic slave trade?
By selling surplus African American slaves to the Cotton South
Which policy was consistent with Thomas Jefferson's vision for the nation's economic prosperity?
Cheap land from the public domain.
Which type of workers faced the worst working and living conditions in mid-nineteenth-century America?
Day Laborers
The early factories that rose in the 1830s relied on what approach to increase productivity?
Division of labor.
Why was the presidential election of 1824 the last stand of the notables?
Elections after 1824 would be dominated by modern parties with broad social bases.
What was one drawback of the new market economy in the early 1800s?
Enviromental pollution.
What was the major cause of Indian-white conflict during the late 1700s and early 1800s?
Expansion of white settlement.
What helped American textile manufacturers outcompete British textile producers in the domestic market?
Getting protective tarriffs from the federal government.
Why did President Jackson veto the rechartering of the Second Bank of the United States?
He believed the bank to be unconstitutional.
What was a reason that President Martin Van Buren refused to annex Texas?
He expected northern opposition to adding a slave state.
Why did President Jefferson ask the American minister in Paris to negotiate with Napoleon Bonaparte over the Louisiana Territory?
He wanted to purchase New Orleans to secure navigation rights on the Mississippi.
An interconnected transportation network, the growth of industry along similar patterns, and a similar ethnic composition all were evidence of
Increasingly close regional ties between the Northeast and the Midwest.
What aspect of transcendentalism is seen in Henry David Thoreau's statement, "If a man does not keep pace with his companions, perhaps it is because he hears a different drummer"?
Individualism
With which group from the Bible did African American slaves of the early 1800s identify?
Israelites, who had been liberated by God
How did the domestic slave trade affect slave marriages?
It destroyed about one in every four slave marriages.
Which statement characterizes the gang-labor system of slave labor in the Lower South?
Large work crews supervised by a black driver and a white overseer
Why was the decision that Chief Justice John Marshall wrote in the case of Marbury vs. Madison (1803) an important precedent for the constitutional authority of the Supreme Court of the United States?
Marshall asserted the Supreme Court's authority to interpret the Constitution.
Why did the Virginia assembly reject a bill providing for the gradual emancipation and colonization abroad of African Americans in 1831?
Nat Turner's Rebellion had raised the fear of black violence.
The dramatic gain in productivity that occurred in American industry during the Industrial Revolution was due to what combination of factors?
New orgizational techniques and new technology.
Why did the planter elite of the South face political challenges in the 1840s and 1850s?
New state constitutions opened the franchise, making it more difficult for them to dominate government.
What was the dominant pattern of marriage relationships among the smallholding yeomen of the antebellum South?
Patriarchal
Why did expansion of the franchise advance the development of political parties?
Politicians had to organize their appeal to newly enfranchised voters.
Why did African American unity increase in the 1840s and 1850s?
Proposals for the re-enslavement of free blacks brought the community together.
Why were education rates higher in New England than in other regions of the country during the early republic?
Public schools were locally funded.
What was a strategy that evangelical abolitionists used to attack slavery beginning in the 1830s?
Publicizing the evils of slavery
What widespread aspect of the early republic contradicted the ideology of democratic republicanism?
Restrictions on voting rights.
Which group supported Andrew Jackson in the election of 1828?
Southern farmers
The national women's rights convention of 1851 declared that which of the following was the cornerstone of the goals of the women's movements?
Suffrage
Why did the United States officially declare war on Great Britain in 1812?
The British refused to alter their policy of ignoring American neutrality and continued the impressment of Americans.
Most Americans blamed which party for the depression of 1837-1843?
The Democratic Party
What important compromise was formed in Congress in 1820 over the spread of slavery?
The Missouri Compromise.
What name was eventually given to the American policy declared by President James Monroe that opposed European colonization in the Western Hemisphere?
The Monroe Doctrine.
The May 1838 forced expulsion of the Cherokee Indians from Georgia to the new Indian Territory is remembered by what name?
The Trail of Tears
What was the name of the diplomatic incident in which President John Adams charged that France had insulted America's honor by soliciting a loan and a bribe from American diplomats to stop the seizures of American merchant ships?
The XYZ Affair.
As president, John Quincy Adams's support of Henry Clay's American System meant backing which action?
The business elite
What was the name of the system in which states promoted corporate charters that promised benefits to the public good in the hopes of stimulating local commerce and economic development?
The commonwealth system.
Why did South Carolina rice planters begin to sell some of their slaves and work the others harder in the 1820s?
The competition from cheap Asian rice cut into their profit margins.
What stimulated the expansion of demand for American cotton in the late 1700s?
The development of new machines for processing cotton.
Which statement characterizes the religious practices of African American slaves in the Deep South in the early nineteenth century?
The majority of them worshiped African gods and spirits
Why did Ralph Waldo Emerson's ideas have the greatest impact on the middle class?
The middle class had already embraced moral perfection and moral free agency.
What prompted the emergence of a second national party in the mid-1830s?
The rise of Democracy and Jackson's tumultuous presidency
Hamilton's multiple-part program to revive the finances of the United States involved the paying off of old government securities, the chartering of a national bank, and what action regarding state debts?
Their assumption by the federal government.
Why did the Quakers take the lead in condemning slavery?
Their belief in religious and social equality led them to take this stance.
Why did revivalist preachers in the South tend to take a fairly conservative social tone?
Their ideas of equality angered white southern males, who dominated society in the south
What was the significance of the trip west by Meriwether Lewis and William Clark?
Their maps and journals provided valuable information.
What common trait helped spur the growth of the fast-growing western cities of the early and middle 1800s?
Their role as flourishing commercial centers.
Why did women begin to displace men as public-school teachers beginning in the 1820s?
They accepted lower pay than most men.
What statement reflects a way the Whigs differed from the Democrats in the 1840s?
They believed the wealthy should govern.
Why did many African American slaves choose not to run away?
They did not want to leave family and kin.
How did the lives of affluent Americans change in the first half of the nineteenth century?
They formed a separate culture and identity.
How did the republican ideology of the early republic contribute to the growth of the Baptist and Presbyterian churches?
They had democratic church structures
Which statement assesses the historical significance of the Shakers, Fourierists, and Oneidians?
They radically questioned sexual norms and class divisions.
Why did the first Congress add ten amendments to the Constitution?
They were meant to protect individual rights from the nation government.
Between the 1820s and 1860s, on which group of people was urban popular culture based?
Thousands of young rural people who flocked to the city in search of fortune and adventure
Why did President Andrew Jackson insist on getting Congress to pass the Force Bill to threaten South Carolina even while he was willing to reduce the tariff that southerners objected to?
To assert federal authority and preserve the Union
In the years leading up to the Civil War, what purpose did African American naming patterns try to serve?
To bolster kinship ties
Why did many Irish immigrate to the United States between 1840 and 1860?
To flee famine and overpopulation.
What issue was a cause of the Panic of 1819?
What issue was a cause of the Panic of 1819?
What was the point of the ideology of the "separate sphere" promoted in the mid-nineteenth century by men like the evangelical minister Philemon Fowler?
Women should focus on domestic life, not public life.
What did women reformers refer to when they spoke about "domestic slavery" in the 1840s?
Women's loss of legal rights in the institution of marriage
What is exemplified by the unions and mutual benefit societies of the early 1800s?
Working-class attempts to gain some control over working conditions.
The Mormons differed from other communal experiments in their
emphasis on traditional patriarchal authority.
Women at the Seneca Falls Convention based their Declaration of Sentiments on
the Declaration of Independence.
Jackson's practice of appointing loyal members of his party to public offices became known as
the spoils system.