APUSH Period 4 (1800-1848) Review Sheet AMSCO Chapters 7-11

How does Garrison justify his approach towards slavery?

He thinks his ideas deserve to be heard as they are important to the general public, and they will allow for enlightenment to be shown to individuals that listened to him.

Would the following support or oppose Garrison's message? Why? American Colonization Society Southern Plantation Owners Those that supported the Women's Rights Movement

- American Colonization Society wanted slavery to decrease slowly, and not a large emancipation issue that could cause turmoil. - Southern Plantation Owners didn't like the idea of emancipation because they would lose their "property", and they wouldn't be able to properly function in their lifestyles. - Those that supported the Women's Rights Movement were in favor of the emancipation as abolitionists and women's rights activist worked hard together to support each movement dealing with inequality.

How did African Americans protect their dignity and family structures?

African Americans protected their dignity and family structures by conforming to their "places" in society, and joining movements that were designed to better the treatment of African Americans.

Identify and describe three different abolitionists.

Fredrick Douglas: was an African-American born into slavery that learned to read and write. He left to go to the city where he learned of the poor treatment of blacks and tried to change it. Abraham Lincoln: abolished slavery as it was necessary to the development of our country. Harriet Tubman: was a former slave who helped slaves escape via the Underground Railroad.

What is the Historical Circumstance of this document? Who is the Intended Audience of this document? What is the Point of View of the document? What is the Purpose of this document?

H: The historical circumstance of the document was during the period of the Seneca Falls Convention. I: The intended audience was for the American citizens, but it was more geared towards women. P: The document id from the point of view of those who went to the the Seneca Falls convention, or those who supported women's rights. P: The purpose of the statement was to show the ideas of women's rights movement and to give perspective for those who opposed the movement

Identify and explain two examples of slave rebellions between 1800 and 1848.

Nat Turner's Rebellion: is one of the most famous rebellions which occurred in Virginia, where Nat Tuner and his followers killed every white person they encountered for twelve hours. Fort Blount: was another famous slave rebellion in which three hundred slaves and Florida Indians banded together to fight U.S. Army troops in Florida.

What is nativism? What are examples of this during Antebellum America?

Nativism is the fear, distrust, and hatred of foreigners. A primary example of this occurring in society would be the continuous disgust the Protestant individuals would regard Catholic individuals with.

Complete the chart below based on the Democrats and Whigs

SEE IMAGE ATTACHED TO DOC

How were tensions?

Tensions were high during the period due to slavery and unjust treatment of individuals.

What document was the Declaration of Sentiments inspired by? How do you know? Why might the authors chosen to have done this?

The Declaration of Sentiments was inspired by The Declaration of Independence. The similarities can be recognized through the structure of both documents that show many similarities such as why exactly the document has been written in a list order. The authors might have chosen to model it after the Constitution to show how being an American Citizen is not fun.

What was the message of the Monroe Doctrine?

The Monroe Doctrine warned European nations that the US was not going to stand for European interference in the affairs of the Western Hemisphere. They made it clear that they wanted to separate themselves entirely from Britain.

How were Native Americans impacted as a result of westward expansion?

The Native Americans were forced to move to based on the Indian Removal Act and didn't want to, resulting in the Trail of Tears. The forced removal of the Natives drove the population down as they were given little compensation and materials to embark on their journey.

- What is the point of view of the cartoon? (Positive? Negative? How do you know?) - What political party would support the image above? - What political party would oppose the image above? - Would the following people/groups agree or disagree with the depiction of Andrew Jackson in the image? Why?

The Point of View of the cartoon seems to be seemingly positive, yet the king is standing on top of a torn Constitution so depending on your views it could have been positive or negative. The Whigs The Democrats Native Americans such as the Cherokees would agree because they think Jackson has too much power as he is forcing them to move from their lands, while Britain tried to make peace between the settlers and the Natives. Individuals that opposed the BUS would disagree because Jackson vetoed the BUS, they would agree with Jackson's power as he supported them. John C. Calhoun and his supporters would agree because Calhoun and his supporters didn't like strong central powers.

Identify and briefly explain three impacts of the Second Great Awakening? (Check out THIS video for a recap of the Second Great Awakening)

The Second Great Awakening impacted religions and beliefs such as perfectionism, inspired change in the hearts of people which caused reform movements, and allowed for women to play a more significant role in society and in their households.

What were reasons for the growth of the Second Party System? (Democrats and Whigs).

The Second Party System Mainly grew as a result of the needs for Andrew Jackson and Henry Clay to gain supporters to achieve their goals in becoming the president.

Identify and briefly explain two new technological innovations ruling the Market Revolution.

The Steamboat was an important invention as it allowed boats to travel against the current and at faster speeds than boats in that period typically went. The mechanical plow was also an important invention as it allowed farmers to be able to plant their crops more easily which benefitted the south.

What were arguments used by the South to counter Garrison's message?

The arguments used by the South was that slavery was a "necessary evil" as it allowed for free labor and provided income for the slave owners.

How did the following Supreme Court Cases help establish the supremacy of federal over state laws? McCulloch v. Maryland (1819)

The case shows how the federal government was superior over the state government as the Supreme Court sued Maryland for stepping on the federal judicial system's toes.

"[T]his momentous question, like a firebell in the night, awakened and filled me with terror. I considered it, at once as the [death] knell of the Union. It is hushed, indeed, for the moment. But this is a reprieve only, not a final sentence. A geographical line, coinciding with a marked principle, moral and political, once conceived and held up to the angry passions of men, will never be obliterated; and every new irritation will mark it deeper and deeper." What is the Historical Context of this document? What is the Purpose of this document?

The context of the document was during the period of the Missouri Compromise as well as the growing divisions between the free north and the slave South. The purpose of the document was to get support for the division of America into regions (i.e. North and South)

What was the goal of Henry Clay's American System? Was it successful?

The goal of the American System was to make the United States economically independent from other nations, and for the nation to become a global force built on its own economic system. The American System was successful in its goal to make the United States independent.

What was the goal of the Seneca Falls Convention? Did they achieve this goal?

The goal of the Seneca Falls convention was to develop a method in which women's rights would be equal to men's and show the unfair treatment of women in society. They achieved this goal through continuous efforts to bring attention to the issue, the convention sparked the women's rights movement which gained national attention and laws were set in place.

What is the Historical Circumstance of this document? Who is the Intended Audience of this document? What is the Point of View of the document? What is the Purpose of this document?

The historical circumstance would be the foreign policy creation during the early 19th century, which was mostly concerning Europe interfering with American affairs. The American citizens were the individuals that the cartoon was targeted towards. The point of view is that of someone who advocated for the passing of the Monroe doctrine. The cartoon was created to help convince Americans to favor the Monroe doctrine instead of alternative policies.

"The committee [of the South Carolina Legislature] have bestowed on the subjects referred to them the deliberate attention which their importance demands; and the result, on full investigation, is a unanimous opinion that the act of Congress of the last session, with the whole system of legislation imposing duties on imports, not for revenue, but the protection of one branch of industry at the expense of others, is unconstitutional, unequal, and oppressive, and calculated to corrupt the public virtue and destroy the liberty of the country; which propositions they propose to consider in the order stated, and then to conclude their report with the consideration of the important question of the remedy." -- South Carolina Exposition and Protest, 1828 - What issue does the South Carolina legislature have with Congress? - What region(s) of the country would agree with the message? - What region(s) of the country would disagree with the message? - Does this document support the American System? How do you know? - What is the Historical Circumstance of this document? - Who is the Intended Audience of this document? - What is the Point of View of the document? - What is the Purpose of this document?

The issue that the South Carolina legislature has with is Congress was them putting out the Tariff of Abominations. The Northeastern regions would agree with the message. The South and Midwestern regions would disagree with the message. The document does not support the American System because when you oppose the tariff, it results in the entire system being opposed leading to the entire system being entirely canceled out by the processes. The Nullification Crisis occurred so the document was released in response to the issues that correspond with the problems that people faced in society. The federal government was the intended audience for the document, as they could create the most change. John C. Calhoun and his followers created the document, so it would be from the point of view of someone that had the same beliefs as him. The purpose of the document was to protect South Carolina from the Tariff of Abominations and the inevitable turmoil and struggles that it would bring.

What was the significance of Marbury v. Madison?

The significance of Marbury v. Madison was that it established judicial review, which allowed for the Supreme Court to declare laws unconstitutional.

What were the three parts of the Missouri Compromise? Why was it important for both the North and South to have the balance of states equal at 12?

The three parts where that (a) Missouri was admitted as a slave state, (b) Maine was admitted as a free state, and (c)slavery disallowed in future territories north except within Missouri itself. It was important to ensure that the North and South had no reasons to complain about unfair distribution of free and slave states.

What two groups immigrated in large numbers to America in the 1830s and 1840s? Where did they tend to settle?

The two groups that largely immigrated were the Irish and the Germans. They settled in large cities in the Northeast, like Boston and New York where ships would be more likely to land.

How did the following Supreme Court Cases help establish the supremacy of federal over state laws? Gibbons v. Ogden (1824)

This decision was over interstate trade and whether or not a government can control it. The federal government decided that the state government could not and only Congress could control interstate trade.

What happened to the amount of Americans able to vote under Andrew Jackson's Presidency? What groups were still not able to vote?

Voting rights were extended to more white males than what was initially established, yet black people and women still could not vote.