ARC exam

You determine that a person may be in shock. Do each of the following except:

YOU SHOULD: have the person lie down, monitor the person's condition, keep them from getting chilled or overheated YOU SHOULD NOT: give the person water

You should continue CPR until:

You are too exhausted to continue, the scene becomes unsafe, there are obvious signs of life, EMS arrive

If a person is suffering from pain or discomfort in the chest that lasts more than 3-5 minutes or that goes away and comes back, this person is most likely having -

a heart attack

What should you do if you suspect that a conscious person has been poisoned

call the poison control center and follow the advice given

You notice that a child looks panicked and cannot cough, speak or breathe. What life-threatening condition could the child be experiencing?

choking

Heat-related illnesses include the following:

heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat stroke

The compression cycle for a child,

is the same as an adult

It is important to follow the links of the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:

it improves the chance of survival

When caring for a person who is having a seizure you should:

remove nearby objects that might cause injury

What sudden illness is usually caused by a blockage of blood flow to the brain?

stroke

What is the purpose of Good Samaritan laws?

to help protect people who voluntarily give care to someone else, without expecting or accepting anything in return

When preparing an AED for use, what is the first thing you should do?

turn on the AED

Depth of CPR for an infant?

1.5 inches

When giving rescue breaths to an infant, you should give 1 breath every

5 seconds

A woman burned her hand in the lunchroom. You should:

Cool the burn with running water, Cover burn with loosely dressing, and remove her from the burn.

This sudden Illness results from too much or too little sugar in the person's blood. What is it?

Diabetic emergency

When caring for a person who is having a seizure, you should:

Do not touch them but move all objects around them that could put them in danger

How should you care for someone with frostbitten hands?

Get the person to a warm environment and then rewarm his or her hands in warm water

When giving a rescue breath during CPR, each breath should last about:

1 second

If a person is suffering from pain or discomfort in the chest that lasts more than 3-5 minutes or that goes away and comes back, this person is most likely having:

A heart attack

About how often should you stop and check for signs of life when performing rescue breathing on a child/ infant?

About every two minutes (or 40 breaths)

When giving care to a child who is conscious and choking, where should you position your fist to give abdominal thrusts?

Above the naval

If an open wound continues to bleed after applying direct pressure:

Add additional dressings and pressure, don't remove blood-soaked dressings, ensure that 911 has been called

Which of the following are signals of trouble breathing?

Agitation, Flushed, pale, ashen (gray) or bluish skin color, and slow or rapid breathing

What is the FIRST step in caring for a bleeding wound?

Apply direct pressure with a sterile or clean dressing

What should you do when checking a conscious person?

Ask questions. Do not touch or move painful, injured areas of the body. Get consent to give care.

You suspect that someone is having a severe allergic reaction to a bee sting and is having trouble breathing. What should you do?

Call 911 Immediately and care for the person until help arrives

A young woman is having trouble breathing and, based on your check of the person, you suspect that she is having a severe allergic reaction to a bee sting. What should you do?

Call 911 and care for the person until EMS take over

You see a woman collapse in front of you while entering the lobby of your office building. You check the scene and then check the person for consciousness, but she does not respond. What should you do next?

Call or have someone else call 911

What is a common signal of sudden illness?

Changes in levels of consciousness, loss of vision or blurred vision, signals of shock

The steps to follow in an emergency are:

Check, Call, Care

Which of the following are links in the cardiac chain of survival?

Early Access to the emergency response system. Early CPR to support circulation to the heart and brain until normal heart activity is restored; Early Defibrillation to treat cardiac arrest caused by Ventricular Fibrillation; and Early Advanced Care by EMS and hospital personnel.

What should you do before the AED analyzes the heart rhythm?

Ensure that no one, including you, is touching the person

In stroke recognition, FAST means:

Face, Arm, Speech, Time

What should you do for a person with heat exhaustion?

Get the person out of the heat and into a cooler

Care for a person with heat exhaustion includes the following:

Get the person out of the heat and into a cooler place

What should you do for a conscious infant who is choking and cannot cough, cry or breathe?

Give back blows and chest thrusts to clear the airway

The progression that heat-related emergencies can follow from early stage (least severe) to late stage (most severe) is:

Heat cramps, heat exhaustion, heat stroke

Early CPR is important in the Cardiac Chain of Survival because:

It helps circulate blood that contains oxygen to the vital organs until an AED is ready to use or advanced medical personnel takes over

How should you care for a person with a possible head, neck or back injury?

Minimize movement of the head, neck and back

Where should you place your hands when giving chest compressions during infant CPR?

One hand on the forehead and 2-3 fingers on the chest, just below the nipples

Which type of injury involves an open wound where the bone has torn through the skin?

Open fracture

If the AED pads risk touching each other such as with a small child or an infant you should:

Place one in the middle of the chest and one in the middle of their back

The general care for a muscle, bone or joint injury includes the following:

RICE rest, immobilize, cold and elevate

If, during the second analysis, the AED prompts "no shock advised," you should:

Resume CPR until the AED reanalyzes itself

In general, a splint should be

Snug, but not so tight that it slows circulation

A child is choking on a piece of hard candy. She is conscious and coughing forcefully. What should you do?

Stay with her and encourage her to keep coughing

A woman burned her hand in the lunchroom. You should:

Stop the burning Cool the burn with large amounts of cool water Cover the burn loosely with a dry sterile dressing

How do you care for a person with a possible head, neck or spinal injury?

Support the head in the position you found it, do not try to align it

For which injury or illness should you call 9-1-1 or the local emergency number?

The person has trouble breathing

What signals should you look for to determine if a person is bleeding internally?

The person is vomitting blood or coughing up blood There are tender, swollen, bruised areas or hard bumps on the body The person is confused, faint, drowsy or unconscious

When a cardiac arrest occurs and an AED becomes available, it should be used soon as possible.

True

About how many cycles of CPR should you perform in 2 minutes?

about 5

Causes of cardiac arrest in children include:

airway and breathing problems, SIDS , traumatic injuries and accidents

Effective chest compressions:

allow chest to return to normal position, are delivered fast, about 100 compressions per minute, are smooth, regular, and are given straight up and down

What is the first step in caring for a wound with significant bleeding?

apply direct pressure with sterile or clean dressing

When giving rescue breaths to a child, how should you breathe into the child?

breath lasting about 1 second