ARRT ch 16

common iliac arteries

abdominal aortic bifurcation vessels

adnexa

area located posterior to the broad ligaments, adjacent to the uterus, which contains the ovaries and fallopian tubes

radial arteries

arteries that supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium

17. the abdominal aorta bifurcates into the a. internal iliac arteries b. common iliac arteries c. ovarian arteries d. external iliac arteries

b

iliopsoas muscle

bilateral muscles located lateral to the uterus and anterior to iliac crest

uterine arteries

branches of the internal iliac artery that supplies blood to the uterus, ovaries, and fallopian tubes

12. the true pelvis is delineated from the false pelvis by the a. space of retzius b. adnexa c. linea terminalis d. iliac crest

c

13. the vagina is located __ to the uterus a. anterior b. posterior c. inferior d. medial

c

16. pelvic muscles appear a. echogenic d. anechoic c. hypoechoic d. complex

c

28. the muscle located lateral to the ovaries is the a. iliopsoas muscle b. rectus abdominis muscle c. obturator internus muscle d. piriformis muscle

c

30. another name for the rectouterine pouch is the a. space of retzius b. pouch of retzius c. pouch of douglas d. anterior cul de sac

c

prolapse

condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus often through the vagina

bony pelvis

consists of sacrum, coccyx, and innominate bones which are the ilium, ischium, and pubic symphysis,

1. what structure within the female pelvis lies posterior to the urinary bladder and anterior to the rectum? a. broad ligament b. rectus abdominus muscle c. space of retzius d. uterus

d

11. what other term is used to describe the space of retzius a. posterior cul de sac b. anterior cul de sac c. murphy pouch d. retropubic space

d

14. the muscles that may be confused with the ovaries on a pelvic sonogram include the a. rectus abdominis and obrurator internus muscles b. levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

d

19. the peritoneal spaces located posterior to the broad ligament are referred to as the a. rectouterine spaces b. anterior cul de sac c. lateral cul de sac d. adnexa

d

23. the pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary to the pelvic side wall is the a. cardinal ligament b. ovarian ligament c. broad ligament d. suspensory ligament of the ovary

d

external iliac arteries

external branches of the common iliac arteries

space of retzius

extraperitoneal space located between bladder and symphysis pubis that contains fat

pelvic diaphragm

group of pelvic muscles consisting of the levator ani and coccygeous muscles that provide support to the pelvic organs

levator ani muscles

hammock shaped pelvic muscle group located between the coccyx and pubis consisting of the iliococcygeus, subococcygeus and puborectalis

linea terminalis

imaginary line that separates the true pelvis from the false pelvis

true pelvis

inferior portion of the pelvis that contains the uterus, ovaries, fallopian tubes, urinary bladder, small bowel, sigmoid colon, and rectum

internal iliac arteries

internal branches of the common iliac arteries

abdominal aorta

major abdominal artery responsible for supplying the abdomen, pelvis, and lower extremities with oxygenated blood

rectus abdominis muscles

paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bone

pelvic ligaments

provide support to ovaries, uterus, and fallopian tubes, ligaments include broad ligaments and suspensory ligaments, the cardinal ligaments house vasculature of uterus,

pouch of douglas

rectouterine pouch

sonographically identifiable pelvic muscles

rectus abominis muscle (anterior), iliopsoas muscles (lat and ant to iliac crest), obturator internus (lat to ovaries), piriformis (post), pelvic diaphragm (inferior near the vagina in trans)

posterior cul de sac

retouterine pouch

false pelvis

superior portion of the pelvis

round ligaments

supports fundus of uterus, extends from uterine cornua to labia majora between folds of broad ligaments

uterosacral ligament

supports the uterus and extends from uterus to sacrum

straight arteries

uterine radial artery branch that supplies blood to the basal layer of the endometrium

10. the innominate bones of the pelvis consists of the a. ischium, ilium and pubic bones b. ilium, sacrium, and coccyx bones c. sacruym, coccyx, and pubic bones d. sacrum, ischium, and ilium bones

a

35. the urinary bladder, uterus, and ovaries are located within the a. true pelvis b. false pelvis

a

18. which of the following are the paired anterior abdominal muscles that extend from the xiphoid process of the sternum to the pubic bones a. iliopsoas muscles b. rectus abdominis muscles c. obturator interni muscles d. piriformis muscles

b

2. fluid noted posterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the a. space of retzius b. pouch of douglas c. anterior cull de sac d. adnexa

b

21. fluid noted anterior to the uterus would most likely be located within the a. pouch of douglas b. vesicouterine pouch c. space of retzius d. rectouterine pouch

b

29. the arteries that directly supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium are the a. radial arteries b. spiral arteries c. straight arteries d. arcuate arteries

b

3. both the straight and spiral arteries are branches of the a. common iliac artery b. radial artery c. arcuate artery d. external iliac artery

b

33. the uterine artery branches off of the a. abdominal aorta b. uterine plexus c. internal iliac artery d. external iliac artery

c

8. what is considered the most dependent part of the peritoneal cavity a. space of retzius b. anterior cul de sac c. pouch of douglas d. rectovessicular pouch

c

22. the bilateral muscles that are located posterior to and extend from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanter are the a. levator ani muscles b. rectus abdominis muscles c. obturator internus muscles d. piriformis muscles

d

26. the space of retzius is located a. between the uterus and bladder b. between the bladder and ilium c. along lateral aspect of uterus d. between bladder and pubic bone

d

34. the peripheral arteries of the uterus are the a. radial arteries b. spiral arteries c. straight arteries d. arcuate arteries

d

suspensory ligament of the ovary

pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovaries to the pelvic side walls, supports ovaries and tubes

ovarian ligaments

pelvic ligaments that provides support to the ovary extending from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus

arcuate arteries

peripheral arteries of the uterus that lie at the edge of the myometrium

vesicouterine pouch

peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus, also called anterior cul de sac

anterior cul-de-sac

peritoneal outpouching located between the bladder and the uterus, also referred to as vesicouterine pouch

6. the uterine arteries supply blood to all of the following except a. fallopian tubes b. rectum c. ovaries d. uterus

b

15. which vessels supply blood to the deeper layers of the myometrium? a. radial arteries b. spiral arteries c. straight arteries d. arcuate arteries

a

20. the paired muscles that are located lateral to the uterus and anterior to the iliac crest are the a. iliopsoas muscles b. rectus abdominis muscles c. obturator interni muscles d. piriformis muscles

a

24. the pelvic muscle group that is located between the coccyx and the pubis is the a. levator ani muscles b. rectus abdominis muscles c. obturator internus smuscles d. piriformis muscles

a

25. the sonographic pelvic examination of a female patient reveals an extensive amount of ascites. in the trans plane you visualize two echogenic structures extending from the side walls of uterus to the pelvic side walls bilaterally. these structures are most likely the a. broad ligaments b. cardinal ligaments c. ovarian ligaments d. uterosacral ligaments

a

27. the right ovarian artery branches off of the a. aorta b. right renal artery c. uterine artery d. internal iliac artery

a

31. a patient presents to the sonography department with a history of uterine prolapse. which of the following best describes this disorder a. a condition that results from the weakening of the pelvic diaphragm muscles and allows for the displacement of the uterus through the vagina b. a congenital anomaly that results in the duplication of the uterus c. a condition that results in the abnormal invasion of the myometrium through the bladder wall d. an abnormality that describes the inversion of the myometrium and endometrium

a

32. the pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis is the a. broad ligament b. ovarian ligament c. piriformis ligament d. round ligament

a

38. the ligament that houses the vasculature of the uterus is the a. cardinal ligament b. ovarian ligament c. broad ligament d. suspensory ligament of the ovary

a

5. pelvic bones when visualized on sonography will produce a. posterior shadowing b. posterior enhancement c. mirror image artifact d. minimal enhancement

a

36. the pelvic ligament that provides support to the ovary and extends from the ovary to the lateral surface of the uterus is the a. cardinal ligament b. ovarian ligament c. broad ligament d. suspensory ligament and ovary

b

39. the ovary is supplied blood by the a. ovarian artery b. ovarian artery and uterine artery c. uterine artery d. arcuate artery

b

40. prolapse of the pelvic organs most often involves the a. rectus abdominis and obturator internus muscles b. levator ani and coccygeus muscles c. obturator internus and levator ani muscles d. piriformis and iliopsoas muscles

b

9. the right ovarian vein drains directly into the a. right renal vein b. aorta c. IVC d. common iliac vein

c

37. pelvic pones, when visualized on sonography will appear a. anechoic b. hypoechoic c. dark d. hyperechoic

d

4. the left ovarian vein drains directly into the a. right renal vein b. IVC c. aorta d. left renal vein

d

7. the anterior cul de sac is also referred to as the a. space of retxius b. rectouterine pouch c. pouch of douglas d. vesicouterine pouch

d

obturator internus muscles

paired pelvic muscles located lateral to the ovaries

piriformis muscles

paired pelvic muscles located posteriorly that extends from the sacrum to the femoral greater trochanger

broad ligaments

pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral aspect of the uterus to the side walls of the pelvis, supports uterus, tubes, and ovaries

cardinal ligament

pelvic ligament that extends from the lateral surface of the cervix to the lateral fornix of the vagina and houses the uterine vasculature, supports the cervix,

coccygeus

pelvic muscle located posteriorly within the pelvis that helps support the sacrum

rectouterine pouch

peritoneal outpouching located between the uterus and rectum, also referred to as posterior cul de sac and pouch of douglas

pelvic muscles

rectus abdominis, iliopsoas muscles, obturator internus muscles, piriformis muscles, pelvic diaphragm (levator ani and coccygeus muscles),

sprial arteries

tiny, coiled arteries that supply blood to the functional layer of the endometrium