art 100 chapter 13

The key to fabric architecture is ______.

tension

Look at this image. Which type of construction is shown?

Round arch

What is a vast roofed space of post-and-lintel construction called?

A hypostyle hall

By what is the weight of a suspension bridge primarily supported?

A series of steel cables

____________ is the name for sun dried brick used as an architectural building material.

Adobe

What are the two most common materials use in post-and-lintel constriction?

Wood Stone

What is one advantage of reinforced-concrete construction?

An ability to be molded into nearly any shape or form

Which culture's hypostyle halls were relatively dark with only the very top of the load-bearing walls pierced with small windows?

Ancient Egypt

Look at this image. What type of skeleton-and-skin construction method is this?

Balloon frame

What structural feature reinforces and supports the outward thrusts of arches from the outside?

Buttresses

Look at this image. What type of skeleton-and-skin construction is shown?

Look at this image. What type of skeleton-and-skin construction is shown?

Look at this image. Which features of this work rely on rows of stones that extend over each other until the opening is bridged?

Corbelled domes

What did the Crystal Palace in Hyde Park, London do?

Established the success of cast-iron as a building material

Which architect used digital design and fabrication to create works such as the Guggenheim Museum Bilbao?

Frank Gehry

__________ ___________ are relatively lightweight, amazingly strong, and built with prefabricated modules, all of which allows for quick and inexpensive construction.

Geodesic Domes

Which innovations made balloon-frame construction practical?

Improved milling lumber techniques Mass-produced nails

What culture is most closely associated with the use of corbelled architectural elements?

Indian

Which is NOT an advantage of balloon-frame construction?

It can be built to conceivably infinite heights.

What can be inferred about modern architecture due to the advent of new technologies and materials?

It is better equipped to respond to community and environmental needs

In a skeleton-and-skin system, what is the support structure of a building?

It is contained inside more fragile outer layers and is generally not visible.

______ allow the height of a vault to be increased dramatically without necessitating a wider base.

Pointed arches

Our sense of community is strengthened by having access to what area?

Public spaces

What set includes common community buildings?

Schools, courthouses, libraries, and hospitals

Look at this image. What does the keystone do?

Supports the downward and outward thrust of the rounded arch

Which of the following are examples of nomadic dwellings involving fabric architecture?

Tents Yurts

What is a drawback of load-bearing construction?

The inability to insert large openings, such as windows, in the walls

What technological advancement of the 1980s influenced digital design and manufacturing?

The personal computer

To what is green architecture largely a response?

The unsustainable cost of industrialization

What is the purpose of green architecture?

To create a healthier and less wasteful human habitat

Look at this image. What is the significance of the portico?

To trick visitors into thinking they were visiting a post-and-lintel temple

True or false: Around 1980 many architects began using two-dimensional drawing programs to guide construction of architectural projects.

True

In a vaulted church, each rectangular division of space, consisting of one groin vault, is called a ______.

bay

Suspension techniques are most closely associated with the construction of ________

bridges

During the mid-19th century the experimental use of ______ as a building material allowed for breakthroughs in the development of the skeleton-and-skin structural system.

cast-iron

The decorative ornament on the ceiling of a dome, which also serves to lessen the weight, is known as ______.

coffering

R. Buckminster Fuller developed the ______ ______.

geodesic dome

Architects call the forces that act upon a building ______.

loads

Reinforced-concrete construction is most similar to the ______ structural system.

shell

Used in building skyscrapers, ______ construction uses a metal cage to support a decorative exterior of another material such as glass, masonry, or stone.

steel-frame