Art 100 Test one

A way of combining elements by using a series of gradual changes in those elements. (large shapes to small shapes, dark hue to light hue, etc)

Gradation

Casey Doyle used steel objects video taped trying on heels and makeup to get the full experience

Guest artist

derived from real life or nature, or imitating it very closely. naturalistic: nature

Natuarlistic

involves simplification- there are degrees of abstraction

Abstract art or abstraction

Actual texture refers to the feel of the materials that are used to create the artwork. For example, when you run your hands over a bronze or marble statue, you are feeling its actual texture. There are a wide variety of materials that can be used to create artworks, each with its own unique texture.

Actual texture

-non Representational -It's abstract it is a baby girl but not proportional -This is supposed to make you think how does it make you feel different

Baby Girl, Marisol Escobar, 1963, Wood and mixed media

A way of combining elements to add a feeling of equilibrium or stability to a work of art. Major types are symmetrical and asymmetrical. textbook: the even distribution of weight, either actual weight or visual weight, in a composition.

Balance

-Example of folk art and making it fine art -the artist is not trained, they learned through culture or family not through education. -content or subject matter= campfires but they don't look like campfires, it is abstract. -Content: refers to dreaming, the large circles represent campfires weapons and animals.

Bushfire and Corroboree Dreaming Erna 1988

- involves distortion. The distortions usually go beyond the point of believably i.e. they would not exist in the real world. -stresses psychological and emotional content. the intent is to touch the viewer's emotions and to provide an emotional response in the viewer. -it is often a reflection of the artist's emotional or psychological state of mind. -like abstract art, it can be either representational or non-representational, depending on the degree to which the subject matter is recognizable. Ex. Edvard Munch and his painting scream

Expressionism

-Public art -Conquest of Dacia -Story of the conquest and the roman army - a spiral freeze around the column -Strength of Rome and superior emperors, and win of wars.

Column of Trajan, Attributed to Apollodorus, 313 C.E. Marble

- The emotional or intellectual message of an artwork. - The expression, essential meaning, significance, or aesthetic value of a work of art. - Content refers to the sensory, subjective, psychological, or emotional properties we feel in a work of art. - Content is not just a description of the subject matter

Content

-Pop art -everyday art made bit -the pop art movement was safe, funny, odd, silly. it was making ordinary object bigger. -Doesn't orate controversy

Giant Trowel, Claes Oldenburg, Steel painted blue, Netherlands.

-This is a symbol of Florence Italy -Represents the city's hero which emphasized the human form -Controversy with this sculpture -Example of Fine art

David, Michelangelo, 1501-1504, Italian Renaissance, Marble

line, shape, value, color, light, texture, space, mass/ form

Elements of design

creative art, especially visual art, whose products are to be appreciated primarily or solely for their imaginative, aesthetic, or intellectual content

Fine art

Fine Arts. to reduce or distort (parts of a represented object that are not parallel to the picture plane) in order to convey the illusion of three-dimensional space as perceived by the human eye: often done according to the rules of perspective. to abridge, reduce, or contract; make shorter. textbook: the modification of perspective to decrease distortion resulting from the apparent visual contraction of an object or figure as it extends backward from the picture plane at an angle approaching the perpendicular.

Foreshortening

-everything has meaning something so common can mean something -urinal -it was a pivotal work of art -meaning everyday objects can be considered art -it was controversial because it was just a urinal

Fountain, Marcel Duchamp, 1917, Philadelphia Museum of Art

A way of combining similar elements in an artwork to accent their similarities (achieved through use of repetitions and subtle gradual changes)

Harmony

a technique of using pictorial methods in order to deceive the eye.

Illusionistic

-pattern Repetitive motif Pattern-everyday things add pattern to make it look better -ascetic-beautiful

Lotto Rug, Anatolia Konya, 16th century, textile

-Went away form mythological style with the Greek god. Painting were of real life. -Style and movement -a lot of people working in the same style -new styles coming into play expressionism, romanticism, surrealism, impressionism and realism. -Portrays real people: Realism -Paintings of the common people

Luncheon on the Grass, Edouard Manet, 1863, oil on a canvas

-less hue and contrast the further you go back creates gray deep space -Atmospheric perspective

Madonna of the Rocks, Leonardo Da Vinci, c. 1495-1508. oil on panel

analogous colors- close on the color wheel

Mark Rothko, orange yellow

-It went down into the ground -She was a student not an artist -names were not in alphabetical order -the memorial was depressing, sad, and public. -Some felt it ruined the memorial

Maya Lin, Vietnam Memorial, Washington D.C. 1981-83 polished black granite

religious sculptures purpose: windows leading up to heaven. the church gained power and the religious sculptures were seen more. changes from emperor to religion.

Medieval to 19th century

-Texture -action paining: he would splat paint on the painting -movement- the movement is important in this paining -poured paint no paint brush - each has a different style. -x series

Number 29, Jackson Pollock 1950, oil on canvas steel, string, glass and pebbles on glass.

Pattern is an underlying structure that organizes surfaces or structures in a consistent, regular manner. Pattern can be described as a repeating unit of shape or form, but it can also be thought of as the "skeleton" that organizes the parts of a composition.

Pattern

-Texture- marble smooth -implied texture - only work he ever signed When people think about texture most think about fabric but this is smooth and looks like skin.

Pieta, Michelangelo, 1501, marble Rome

Rhythm, balance, proportion, emphasis(contrast), gradation, harmony, variety, movement

Principles of design

Derived from the French word, renaissance, and the Italian word rinascità, both meaning 'rebirth', the Renaissance was a period when scholars and artists began to investigate what they believed to be a revival of classical learning, literature and art. purpose: glorify an artist textbook: the period in Europe from the fourteenth to the sixteenth century characterized b a revival of interest in the arts and sciences that had been lost since antiquity.

Renaissance art

this is the most realistic it is something we recognize. two forms: naturalistic and realism. ex: the heart of the Andes most common form of representational art is realism

Representational or realistic

A principle of design that indicates movement, created by the careful placement of repeated elements in a work of art to cause a visual tempo or beat.

Rhythm

photography - his art had a lot of controversy -wanted to show differences known for his sometimes controversial large-scale, highly stylized black and white photography

Robert Mapplethrope

A dramatic, emotional and subjective art arising in the early nineteenth century in opposition to the austere discipline of neoclassicism

Romanticism

the topic dealt with or the subject represented in a debate, exposition, or work of art.

Subject matter

does not have a logical context. movement in art and literature that flourished in the early twentieth century. Surrealism aimed at expressing imaginative dreams and visions free from conscious rational control. Salvador Dali was an influential surrealist painter; Jean Cocteau was a master of surrealist film. ex: Salvador Dali "clocks"

Surrealism

Monochromatic

The Art critic, Mark Tansey 1981

-Foreshortening (relationship to scale) -bad example of foreshortening: the feet weren't right. he made them small to be safe, it looks like he is going to fall off the bed. -he did this to not offend anyone

The Dean Christ, Andrea Mantegna, 1501, tempera on canvas

-Representational art ( This is the most realistic. It is something we recognize. -Naturalistic -Features romanticism, it romanticizes the natural environment. -Captures the natural state before it was destroyed -We are seeing everything in nature.

The Heart of the Andes, Fredric Edwin Church, 1859, oil on canvas

A way of combining elements to stress the differences between those elements.

emphasis/contrast

-vanishing point -space, linear perspective vanishing point to show deep space -one point linear perspective -Horizon line, the vanishing point is always on the horizon line. -Da vinci used mat to math to create deep space

The Last Supper, Leonardo Da Vinici, Refectory Monastery of Santa Maria delle Grazie, Milan, Italy, 1495-98. Italian Renaissance, oil and tempera on plaster

poly chromatic multiple colors no patterns.

The Shall, Matisse 1953

-Created by Robert Smithson -Environmental art or earth works -art found outside -changes over time -Also known as work in progress always changing

The Spiral Jetty

-Was outside and interactive. A Temporary Form of Earth Art -There was one in Japan and California -It killed and hurt people

The Umbrellas Japan - U.S.A. Christo and Jeanne-Claude, 1984-91

-Form-painting -Content- rejection, war between self. inner conflict self portrait.

The two Fridas, Frida Kahlo, 1939

-proportion -the color red stands out in the artwork and makes the viewer look at the man in the red on the left. -Scale : -things closer are bigger, farther smaller. -one point perspective -Overlapping to show space

The wedding Dance, pieter Brueghel the Elder, c. 1566

-Relative key- dark to light the value in art -light and dark colors- it depends how you look at it on one side it looks light and happy like the darkness is going away. on the other side it is dark and it looks like it is going into the light side.

Thomas Cole, the Oxbow (Connecticut river near Northampton) oil on canvas, 1836

-The growth or fall of America depending on how you look at it. -Content: everyone has a different view, it could mean the expansion of America or the decrease. The meaning is decided by the viewer -Patriotism

Three flags Jasper Johns, 1958, encaustic on canvas

-site specific to remove it from site the art piece would be ruined -controversial - curving wall of steel -People had to walk around art to get into the building - The meaning (the content) of this was for the viewer to become aware of them self -Viewers movement -blocked the front of the building -it was cut up and taken down

Tilted Arc, Richard Serra, cor-ten steel, 1981

A principle of design concerned with diversity or contrast. Variety is achieved by using different shapes, sizes, and/or colors in a work of art.

Varitey

complementary colors- opposites on the color wheel.

Vincent Van Gogh, The night cafe

Analogous color schemes use colors that are next to each other on the color wheel. They usually match well and create serene and comfortable designs. Analogous color schemes are often found in nature and are harmonious and pleasing to the eye. textbook: pairs of colors, such as yellow and orange, that are adjacent to each other on the color wheel.

analogous

purpose was hunting or honoring animals we really don't know

ancient public art

Color that has no realistic or natural relation to the object that is depicted, as in a blue horse, or a purple cow, but which may have emotional or expressive significance

arbitrary color

a technique of rendering depth or distance in painting by modifying the tone or hue and distinctness of objects perceived as receding from the picture plane, especially by reducing distinctive local colors and contrasts of light and dark to a uniform light bluish-gray color. ex: Madonna on the rocks

atmospheric perspective

An element of art made up of three properties: hue, value, and intensity. • Hue: name of color • Value: hue's lightness and darkness (a color's value changes when white or black is added) • Intensity: quality of brightness and purity (high intensity= color is strong and bright; low intensity= color is faint and dull)

color

Colors that are opposite each other on the color wheel are considered to be complementary colors (example: red and green).

complementary

earth art, or earthworks, is an expansion of installation art, in that it not only provides an environment, but also leaves the gallery or museum to interact directly with the natural world.

environmental art

form: oil on canvas, marble sculpture subject matter: double portrait of frida content: protection

ex form, subject matter, and content

The form pertains to the volume or perceived volume. Three-dimensional artwork has depth as well as width and height. Three-dimensional form is the basis of sculpture. However, two-dimensional artwork can achieve the illusion of form with the use of perspective and/or shading or modeling techniques. textbook: the literal shape and mass of an object or figure. more generally the materials used to make a work of art, the ways in which these materials are used in terms of the formal elements and the composition that results.

form

the visual images and symbols used in a work of art or the study or interpretation of these. a collection of illustrations or portraits. everything in the painting is a symbol or meaning for something.

iconography

. A style of painting associated mainly with French artists of the late nineteenth century, such as Edgar Degas, Edouard Manet, Claude Monet, and Pierre-Auguste Renoir. Impressionist painting seeks to re-create the artist's or viewer's general impression of a scene. ex: The luncheon

impressionism

An element of art defined by a point moving in space. Line may be two-or three-dimensional, descriptive, implied, or abstract. textbook: a mark left by a moving point, actual or implied, and varying in direction, thickness, and density.

line

near perspective. n. A form of perspective in drawing and painting in which parallel lines are represented as converging so as to give the illusion of depth and distance.

linear perspective

An element of art that is three-dimensional and encloses volume; includes height, width AND depth (as in a cube, a sphere, a pyramid, or a cylinder). Form may also be free flowing.

mass/form

containing or using only one color.

monochromatic

A principle of design used to create the look and feeling of action and to guide the viewer's eye throughout the work of art.

movement

painting things their real color

naturalistic color

pure abstraction ford not represent the world exactly style characteristics: line, color, shape

nonobjective or nonrepresentational

A work of art. 2. The sum of the lifework of an artist, writer, or composer. [French œuvre, from Old French uevre, work, from Latin opera, from pl. of opus, work; see opus.]

oeuvre

Perspective (from Latin: perspicere to see through) in the graphic arts is an approximate representation, on a flat surface (such as paper), of an image as it is seen by the eye.

perspective

The illusionary space in a painting or other two-dimensional art that appears to recede backward into depth from the picture plane. Pigment(s) .

pictorial space

An element of art by which positive and negative areas are defined or a sense of depth achieved in a work of art .

space

of two or more colors; multicolored.

polychromatic

A principle of design that refers to the relationship of certain elements to the whole and to each other.

proportion

An attempt to make art and literature resemble life. Realist painters and writers take their subjects from the world around them (instead of from idealized subjects, such as figures in mythology or folklore) and try to represent them in a lifelike manner. textbook: generally, the tendency to render the facts of existence, but in a way unadulterated by the imaginative and idealist tendencies of the Romantic sensibility.

realism

Scale and proportion in art are both concerned with size. Scale refers to the size of an object (a whole) in relationship to another object (another whole). In art the size relationship between an object and the human body is significant. Textbook: The comparative size of an object in relation to other objects and settings.

scale

An element of art that is two-dimensional, flat, or limited to height and width. Textbook: A two-dimensional area, the boundaries of which are measured in terms of height and width. more broadly the form of any object or figure.

shape

style in art refers to the manner in which a work of art is expressed. some artists have signature style- recurring characteristics that are consistent and identifiable regardless of the subject matter. when a number of important artists are working in a similar style, it can give rise to a movement, which reflects those same style characteristics.

style

An element of art that refers to the way things feel, or look as if they might feel if touched.

texture

In painting, photography, graphical perspective and descriptive geometry, a picture plane is an imaginary plane which is located between the "eye point" or oculus and the object being viewed and is usually coextensive to the material surface of the work.

the picture plane

A triadic color scheme uses colors that are evenly spaced around the color wheel. Triadic color harmonies tend to be quite vibrant, even if you use pale or unsaturated versions of your hues.

triadic

The lightness or darkness of tones or colors. White is the lightest value; black is the darkest. The value halfway between these extremes is called middle gray

value/ light

a point of disappearance, cessation, or extinction: His patience had reached the vanishing point. (in the study of perspective in art) that point toward which receding parallel lines appear to converge. Origin of vanishing point Expand.

vanishing point

Visual literacy is the ability to interpret, negotiate, and make meaning from information presented in the form of an image, extending the meaning of literacy, which commonly signifies interpretation of a written or printed text.

visual literacy

n the visual arts, texture is the perceived surface quality of a work of art. It is an element of two-dimensional and three-dimensional designs and is distinguished by its perceived visual and physical properties.

visual texture