art

lines

- The path of a dot, point, etc. - Through space it has more length than thickness - Vertical, horizontal - zigzag, diagnosis, curved

Craft

- art completed by tradespeople or craftsmen trained in guilds or apprentices - craftsmen lower class blue collar laborers or women of leisure - decorative, pretty, and beautiful

Fine Art

- art completed by trained artists of art schools and academies - usually white privileged men - philosophy over technique and skill

open definition of art

- art open to interpretation and subject to conversation

realism

-Art valued for how it is observed and seen in the natural world -Posits that natural beauty prompts moral goodness -Artist works as a scientist who studies the natural world carefully and objectively, while illustrating the nuances and details of studied subject matter in hopes that it will either celebrate its individuality or the universals embedded in its inherited aesthetic

identify the different kinds of asymmetry

-Asymmetry -"Balance is achieved with dissimilar objects that have equal visual weight or equal eye attraction." (Lauer & Pentak, 1995, p. 80) -Value and Color -Shape and Texture -Position and Eye Direction

what makes for a good interpretation

-Carefully chooses specific words that help to describe what is seen. -Adjectives --Robust, clustered, relaxed, sharp, cold -Similes --Figures are seated on the stoop like eggs nestled in an egg carton -Metaphors --The red brick building is a bridge that binds the different homes together.

-Be able to define Marxist aesthetics

-Economic and social theory developed by Karl Marx and Peter Engles. -Understood Capitalism as an economic system that exploited workers and objectified them not as people or human beings but as the labor or work they provide. --Upper class / ruling class --Lower class / working class -Some artworks (not all) used expressive means to raise awareness for worker's rights and protest exploitation by the ruling social strata -"Artworks are not independent and autonomous but are highly influenced, some say determined, by the society in which they are produced." (p. 74)

why complimentary colors are used by artists

-Every color has a compliment or opposite. -When small amounts of the compliment are added to the given color, it slowly neutralizes it, turning it dull and "ugly"

external information

-Facts about artist --Where and when they lived -Facts about culture --What art group they were apart of? --What -Contextual background --When the artwork was completed --What else was happening—sociopolitical events, wars, discoveries?

-Be familiar with the importance of psychoanalysis to the Surrealists

-Freud believed that there are two layers of the psyche --Conscious --Unconscious -Freud believed that the unconscious housed repressed thoughts, desires, traumas—ideas and feelings considered socially amoral, wrong, perverse, or taboo. -Unconscious thoughts are made visible when times when the consciousness is sleepy, bored, or distracted. --Dreams, nightmares, day dreams, fantasies --Slips of the tongue, impulsive actions, jokes

different kinds of shapes

-Shape is a two dimensional area confined by a actual line or implied line (an edge for example). In drawing shapes are created when the ends of lines are joined to enclose areas. -Geometric -Organic -Positive -Negative

methods for creating the illusion of space

-Space refers to the area within, around, above or below an object or objects. It is important to creating and understanding both two dimensional or three dimensional works of art. -With three dimensional art the space things occupy is real as is the space around object. - In two dimensional art this is definitely not the case. Two dimensional art exists on a flat surface, so if something looks three dimensional- it is an illusion! Even the most realistic paintings or photographs are illusions. -Two dimensional artists use a number of "tricks" for creating the illusion of depth in their art. -Size -Overlapping -Placement -Linear Perspective -Atmospheric Perspective

-Know about how expressionism works, how empathy is key to communicating emotions

-Stereotypes motivated by a few interesting characters. --A deeply emotional person in tuned with his / feelings --The internal world is more interesting than the external -Troubled, lonely, depressed --Not always true... -Misunderstood, visionary --Again, not always true...

Internal Information

-Subject matter --What the work is about -Medium --What materials are used to make the artwork? -Form --Elements and principals of design

identify the different kinds of symmetry

-Symmetrical Balance -Elements are copied or repeated in a similar way elsewhere. -Bilateral Symmetry -Horizontal Symmetry -Vertical Symmetry -Diagonal Symmetry -Radial Symmetry

methods for unifying a composition.

-Tend to be asymmetrical --Less stable, less predictable -Use diagonals --Less static, suggests movement -Uses directives --Visual elements pull the eye around the page

difference between actual and implied texture

-Texture refers to the surface quality in a work of art. We associate textures with the way that things look or feel. -Actual -Implied

ways artists emphasize subject matter

-The arrangement of visual elements on the artworks surface—how visual elements are arranged. -Interesting compositions: -Are dynamic -Direct the eye around the page -Achieve Harmony

-Be aware of the core problem with expressionism

-The trouble of artistic intent --"Expressionism invites thoughts about artistic intent" (p. 104) ---What is the artist trying to say to me? ---Is what I am feeling what they want me to feel? -Intentionalist Fallacy --"The work and the maker of the work are two separate entities; it is the job of the critic to make sense of the work itself, and investigations of the life of psychology and intentions of the maker are digressions." (p. 105) -Is Expressionism a form of mind-reading? --Assuming the artist had a feeling or is trying to communicate a feeling may distract viewers from developing their own perspectives and opinions. --"How, what kind, and with what specificity can a work of art express an idea or communicate knowledge? What kind of ideas can artworks express? How are they communicated to viewers?" (p. 107)

identify the different methods of creating emphasis

-Visual elements or specific content that the artist wants the viewer to focus on. --Sometimes known as Focal Points ---Often times emphasis is used by the artist to call attention to specific content to insinuate the purpose or meaning of the image. --Different ways to achieve Emphasis ---Contrast ---Isolation ---Placement ---Scale ----Hierarchical Scale ----Proportions or Disproportions

different kinds of color schemes

-Warm Color Schemes -Cool Color Schemes

honorific definition of art

-something that is "good or great" - honor bestowed upon an object by people or cultures - a valuable object

infection theories

An artist holds a distinct emotion while working and transmits those emotions into the work so that they "infect" the viewer (Lankford, 1994, p. 9)

ethos

Ethos, (Greek: "disposition" or "character") in rhetoric, the character or emotions of a speaker or writer that are expressed in the attempt to persuade an audience. It is distinguished from pathos, which is the emotion the speaker or writer hopes to induce in the audience.

logos

Logos is a literary device that can be defined as a statement, sentence, or argument used to convince or persuade the targeted audience by employing reason or logic

pathos

Pathos is a quality of an experience in life, or a work of art, that stirs up emotions of pity, sympathy, and sorrow. Pathos can be expressed through words, pictures, or even with gestures of the body. ... Pathos is a method of convincing people with an argument drawn out through an emotional response.

empathy theories

The artist works through emotions while working and the artwork becomes documentation of the emotional journey. Viewers witness this journey and empathize with the artist (Lankford, 1994, p. 9)

dialogic theories

The artwork itself has no direct connection with the artist's state of mind, but rather the artwork embodies certain emotional states such as joy or sorrow. The viewer "collaborates with the artist in imaginatively reconstructing the artist's emotive and imaginative expression. Thus art is a collaboration between artist and viewer" (Barrett, 2012, p. 67).

classificatory definition of art

classifications are determined by experts - if it can actually be determined as art - also basing it off of social structures and if the artist has ever been mentioned

-Know about Aristotle's view of realism and his views of catharsis

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-Know about Plato's view of realism

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-Know about and be able to define Simulacra

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-Know about how aesthetics communicate ideology

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-Know the difference between realism and conventionalism

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-Know about the purpose of instrumentalism

pop art