ASCP-Technologist in Chemistry

4.5%

This A1C level indicates a person does not have prediabetes or diabetes.

7.1%

This A1C level indicates a person has diabetes.

Glycation

This term is used to describe the bonding of a protein and sugar molecule.

Glucose

Carlos just finished an exhausting workout. Which of the following carbohydrates can be readily used by his body as a source of fuel?

Carbohydrates

Cellular respiration most clearly affects which of the following?

As glycated hemoglobin

Hemoglobin A1C can be thought of as this.

Proteins

Hydrochloric acid breaks which of the following into amino acids?

Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance.

The glucose tolerance test is used to diagnose which of the following?

Starch is composed of amylopectin and amylose Pasta and cereals are good sources of carbohydrates Mammals store carbohydrates in the form of glycogen Sugars are found only in plants*

All of the following statements are true, EXCEPT _____.

Sugars are found only in plants

All of the following statements are true, EXCEPT _____. Mammals store carbohydrates in the form of glycogen Sugars are found only in plants Starch is composed of amylopectin and amylose Pasta and cereals are good sources of carbohydrates

Sugar

If a substance turns from clear blue to dark red after reacting with Benedict's solution, which molecule does it contain?

Disaccharide

Lactose is composed of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule, therefore, lactose is classified as a _____.

Dissacharide

Lactose is composed of a glucose molecule and a galactose molecule, therefore, lactose is classified as a _____.

Fatty acid

Omega-3 is an example of which one of the following?

Fatty acids

Omega-3 is an example of which one of the following?

False

Severe side effects of the glucose tolerance test are very common.

Nausea, sweating, or light-headedness

Side effects of the glucose tolerance test include which of the following?

The smallest molecule of sugar.

What is glucose?

Something easily dissolves in water.

What is meant by the term hydrophillic?

A monosaccharide is a simple sugar and a polysaccharide is made from many monosaccharides joined together.

What is the difference between a monosaccharide and a polysaccharide?

In type 1 diabetes, the pancreas produces no, or very little, insulin. In type 2, the pancreas produces insulin, but the body doesn't respond to it.

What is the difference between type 1 and type 2 diabetes?

Glycogen stores energy for animals.

What is the purpose of glycogen?

Starch is used to store energy for plants.

What is the purpose of starch?

Provide and store energy

What purpose do carbohydrates have in our food?

Dehydration

What type of reaction causes the formation of sugar molecules larger than monosaccharides?

Proteins

Which of the following breaks down into amino acids?

Cellulose

Which of the following is a polysaccharide?

Fatty acids

Which of the following is broken down by lipase?

Iodine

Which of the following is used to test for the presence of starch?

Hydroxyl groups and ethers.

Which set of functional groups is always found in sugars?

The cracker contains both starch and sugar.

You are eating a cracker, and decide to test what nutrients are inside it. You set up four tubes. Tubes 1 and 3 contain water, and tubes 2 and 4 contain cracker crumbs and water. You then add iodine to tubes 1 and 2, and Benedict's solution to tubes 3 and 4. You heat tubes 3 and 4 for five minutes. You see the results below. Which carbohydrates are in your cracker?

sugar, starch

_____ is an example of a simple carbohydrate, and _____ is an example of a complex carbohydrate.