Assessment Special/Inclusive Ed.

The best way to think about benchmark is as

Clocks at mile markers in a marathon

The process standard represented by understanding how mathematical ideas interconnect and build on one another to produce a coherent whole is

Connections

What is the most important kind of validity for achievement tests

Content

If a student performs 30 words correct per minute above the fall benchmark, then shows no growth, performing equal to the benchmark in the winter, what is the best action to take?

Continue regular classroom instruction

When a situation is set for an observation

Contrived

Although there is considerable consistency in the behaviors sampled by diagnostic mathematics tests there is still a problem with

Curriculum match

The two primary potential advantages of teacher made tests are related to

Curriculum match sensitivity

Being able to formulate questions that can be addressed with data to collect is an example of the ______ content standard.

Data analysis and probability

Test manuals should include

Detailed directions and procedures

The best way to be sure that the teacher made test covers the content of instruction is to

Develop a table of specifications

The most appropriate achievement tests to use for planning individual interventions are

Diagnostic tests

It is apparent from research studies that

Different curricula result in different performance on different achievement tests

The most problematic aspect of supply questions is the

Difficulty in scoring

When a behavior is measured in terms of how long it lasts

Duration

Nonsense word fluency is a curriculum based measurement that measures

Early reading

An example of supply format for a test item is a(n)

Essay question

When a behavior is recorded in number of times it occurs

Frequency

A set of tools that measures outcomes that require maintenance and coordinated use of many skills are often called

General outcome measures

Recognition. That a three sided figure is a triangle is an example of the content standard of

Geometry

Probably the most appropriate test format to use with a student who does not read or write independently is

Hear-say

In current practice, the assessment of written language skills for advanced students usually involves

Holistic judgement of content

In deciding what content to include in a test, a guiding principle is to focus on

Important facts or relationships if the domain is complex

When test authors allow certain accomodations to be used, they

Should provide evidence that the accommodations produce scores with the same meaning

When an observer sits behind a one way mirror to observe what a child does the observation is considered

Unobtrusive

Representation refers to the

Use of symbols to organize, record and communicate mathematical ideas

In diagnostic testing of mathematics, the preferred practice might be to

Use teacher developed criterion referenced measure that parallels the curriculum.

Informal reading inventories are

Useful in determining a student's independent reading level.

All curriculum based measures share each of the following characteristics except

Usefulness for measuring progress toward long term goals

________ is a common decision making pitfall in curriculum based measurement

Worrying about students whose performance is above benchmark but does not grow between assessments

The best use of a group administered achievement test is for

Screening

Two major issues of curriculum based measurement procedures include

Screening and monitoring progress

Tests used in making important educational decisions for students should have reliability estimates of at least

.90

Your book authors recommended that there should be less than a ___ discrepancy between a majority groups proportion in the norm sample as compared to its proportion in the general population

5%

Increasing the difficulty of matching questions by providing more options than stems or by using an option more than once is

A procedure that is not recommended

In general the behaviors sampled by diagnostic math tests are

About the SA e across tests

The understanding of patterns, relations, and functions is part of the

Algebra content area

A way to measure intensity of behavior

Amplitude

Problem solving as described by NCTM is

Applying and adapting a variety of appropriate strategies

The assessment of critical thinking skills usually is

Assessed in the same way understanding of information is assessed.

If you had to develop a true false test, it would be important to

Avoid sweeping generalizations

Fill in supply items are useful for assessing

Knowledge obkectives

When a behavior is measured in terms of length of time between a signal to perform and the beginning of the behavior the characteristic being measured is

Latency

To compare a students performance on an achievement test to that of another student in the school district it is probably best to use

Local norms

The primary characteristic that an achievement test needs i n order to be useful in helping the diagnostician to pinpoint s students strengths and weaknesses is

Many Items

An example of select format for a test item is a(n)

Matching item

The following is an example of skill based measure

Math computation

NCTM specified give content standards including

Measurement

Scores on most curriculum based measures are expressed in words, sounds, or digits correct per

Minute

Sampling procedure that provides unbiased estimate of proportion of times that is very accurate in small intervals

Momentary time sampling

In general the relationship between the number of diagnostic mathematics tests and the number of diagnostic reading tests is that there are

More reading tests than math tests

In general, test publishers

Must prove their test is technically adequate

If an evaluator finds that the technical adequacy of a test is generally good, then

One should consider if it seems appropriate to use it for the specific student to be assessed.

An example of a general outcome measure

Oral reading fluency

A sampling procedure in which a behavior is scored if it occurs one or more times within an interval is called

Partial-interval recording

Teacher made testa are appropriate in making decisions related to

Placement of students in instructional groups

Problem solving is an example of a(n)

Process standard

The topics one should review in evaluating tests include

Purposes, content and assessment procedures, norms and scores, reliability and validity

Test content can be confirmed by

Reasoned rationale for the exclusion of certain content

An achievement test will provide misleading information if it is not

Relative to the curriculums content

Good technical adequacy of a test at minimum includes

Representative norms, reliable scores, and evidence for general validity

If an achievement test is being selected to assess the extent to which students have profited from school instruction the most important characteristic to look at is the

Specific content validity (match to school instruction)

A major difference between group administered achievement tests and diagnostic achievement tests is the

Specificity and density of content

To evaluate a test, reviewers were advised to use the

Standards for Educational and Psychological Testing

Behavior that call attention to student because of their repetitive nonfunctional nature and that result in the student being considered weird by fellow students are

Stereotypical behavior

Scores provided on most group administered achievement tests do not indicate

Student strengths and weaknesses

Desensitizing students to the presence of observers are ways to reduce ____ error

Systematic

If the purpose of a test is go compare students progress in comparison to other students

The test should provide normative scores

As part of content validity, the diagnostician might look not only at the specific skills assessed but also at

The way in which they are assessed

One major advantage of using curriculum based tools produced by teachers is that

They are aligned with school curricula

Curriculum based measures fit very well into multi tiered systems of support and response to intervention models in particular because

They can serve both screening and progress monitoring purposes

A strength of individually administered achievement test is that

They give examiners qualitative data on how a student goes about solving problems.

When selecting contexts in which to observe behavior a good rule of thumb is to observe in how many contexts?

Three

Almost any matching question can be

Transformed into multiple choice.