Astronomy Ch 16 Quiz

What is the order of the layers of the sun?

1. Core 2. Radiation Zone 3. Convection Zone 4. Photosphere 5. Chromosphere 6. Corona

How long is the sunspot cycle?

11 years

When does the sunspot cycle repeat?

22 years

What is a net reaction?

4 protons 1 atom he-4 energy

The net result of the proton-proton chain is that _____ protons are fused into a nucleus of _______________________ , two _____________________ are emitted, and energy is released in the form of ___________________________.

4, helium, neutrinos, gamma ray

The two most abundant elements in the Sun make up about _____ percent of its composition (by number of atoms).

99.9

Convection Zone

a region where the material of the sun is in constant motion

Core

center of sun; nuclear reaction

Traveling outward from the surface, the main regions of the solar atmosphere are the _____________, the ________________, and the ________________.

chromosphere, transition zone, and corona

Below the solar surface, in order of increasing depth, lie the _____________ zone, the __________________ zone, and the _________________ .

convection zone, radiation zone, and corona

Sunspots appear dark because they are _____________________ than the surrounding gas of the photosphere.

cooler

What is seen on the surface of the sun (evidence of solar convection)

granulation

The second most abundant element in the Sun is __________________________.

helium

The temperature in the solar corona is extremely ______________ .

high

Corona

hot upper atmosphere

The most abundant element in the Sun is ___________________.

hydrogen

What is luminosity? What is this value for the sun?

is the total amount of energy emitted by a star, galaxy, or other astronomical object per unit time. the properties of size, mass, density, rotation rate, and temp. (total energy)

Energy is released in the proton-proton chain because mass is ______________________ in the process.

lost

Chromosphere

lower atmosphere

The entire solar luminosity is produced in the __________________ (give the region) of the Sun.

photosphere

Radiation Zone

solar energy transported towards the surface by radiation

Where does nuclear fusion happen?

the core

Photosphere

the surface of the sun; emits the radiation we see