ATI Engage Fundamentals: (Healthcare Systems) Health Promotion, Wellness, and Disease Prevention

A nurse is preparing to administer an influenza vaccine to a client. The client states that they understand being immunized will help protect them against the influenza virus. Which of the following concepts is the nurse demonstrating by administering the vaccine?

Disease prevention Rationale: The nurse is demonstrating disease prevention by administering an influenza vaccine to the client because this action can prevent the client from acquiring the influenza virus. Disease prevention focuses on measures taken to limit the client's exposure to, and the effects of, illness and disease, which includes immunizations and hand hygiene.

A nurse is teaching a client about the benefits of a healthy diet and regular exercise to achieve weight loss. Which of the following topics is the nurse teaching to the client?

Health Promotion Rationale: Teaching a client about improving their health through healthy diet and exercise is an example of health promotion. Health promotion involves encouraging clients to take steps to improve their overall health.

A nurse is teaching a client about the International Self-Care Foundation's seven pillars of self-care. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the teaching?

I will perform moderate exercise several times each week. Rationale: Physical activity is the third pillar of self-care. The client should perform moderate to intense exercise several times each week to reduce stress, control weight, and reduce the risk for diseases, such as cardiovascular disease and diabetes.

A home health nurse is visiting a client who lives in an older home and is concerned about their child's exposure to lead paint in the house. The nurse should identify that which of the following is a potential health risk from exposure to lead paint?

Learning disabilities Rationale: The nurse should identify that exposure to lead paint can cause learning disabilities in children. Lead exposure can also cause a range of other issues, including lowered IQ, difficulty with speech, and issues with muscle coordination. Lead is found in old paint, water, some pottery, dust, cosmetics, pipes, and even gasoline. Continued exposure to this common metal can be toxic. Therefore, no amount of lead exposure is safe.

A nurse at a hospital is interviewing a newly admitted client. The client tells the nurse they would like to adhere to their cultural beliefs during their hospitalization. Which of the following actions should the nurse take to provide the client with culturally competent care? (Select all that apply.)

Rationale: Listen to the client's request with respect and compassion is correct. The nurse should listen to the client's request with respect and compassion because it is important to understand the client's cultural beliefs in order to provide culturally competent care. Reassure the client that they can practice their cultural beliefs if safe to self and others is correct. The nurse should reassure the client that they can practice their cultural beliefs as long as it is safe for themselves and others. Provide resources to meet the client's cultural needs is correct. The nurse should provide resources to meet the client's cultural needs.

A nurse is teaching a newly licensed nurse about health literacy. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

A client's comprehension of education can be affected by low health literacy. Rationale: Health literacy is the ability to process and comprehend basic health information, which is necessary for the client to make informed health care decisions. A low level of health literacy can negatively impact the effectiveness of health teaching.

A nurse at a clinic is providing free blood pressure screenings for clients. Which of the following levels of health prevention is the nurse demonstrating?

Secondary prevention Rationale: The goal of secondary prevention is discovering disease processes before they progress. Secondary prevention measures include screening tests, such as a blood pressure measurement to detect hypertension, a mammography to detect breast cancer, or a Papanicolaou test to detect cervical cancer. Clients might be asymptomatic when screening is performed, but early detection and discussion of treatment allows valuable time to consider options.

A nurse is teaching a group of guardians about primary prevention techniques. Which of the following topics should the nurse include as an example of primary prevention?

Taking measures to decrease the risk of childhood injuries within the home. Rationale: This is an example of primary prevention because this intervention is intended to decrease the risk for medical conditions and injuries by changing behaviors and minimizing exposures.

A nurse is teaching a client about modifiable risk factors to their health. Which of the following should the nurse include as an example of a modifiable risk factor?

Tobacco use Rationale: Tobacco use is a modifiable risk factor because it is a behavior that affects client health that the client can change. Other modifiable risk factors include recreational drug use, alcohol consumption, excess body weight, insufficient physical activity, and poor diet.

A nurse is caring for a client who reports an improved diet, exercising 30 min a day for 5 days a week, and an overall sense of improved health. The nurse should identify that the client is describing a positive state of health known as which of the following?

Wellness Rationale: Wellness describes the feeling or state of an individual who took actions to achieve complete, holistic health. This can include spirituality, mental health, mindfulness, as well as physical or environmental aspects, depending upon the client's needs.

A nurse is speaking to a client who smokes tobacco and has a child living in the home. The nurse should identify that the child's exposure to second-hand smoke is an example of which of the following types of risk factors?

Environmental Rationale: The nurse should identify that exposure to poor air quality caused by second-hand smoke is an environmental risk factor. Poor air quality can also be caused by exhaust, wildfires, and ozone depletion. Populations continuously exposed to poor air quality experience higher rates of asthma, respiratory infections, reduced lung capacity, lung cancer, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), stroke, and ischemic heart disease.

A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for an antihypertensive medication.

Tertiary prevention Rationale: Tertiary prevention is the effort to control a health issue that has already occurred by slowing the spread or decreasing the effect of the health issue. Tertiary prevention interventions include education about disease management, support groups, and rehabilitative interventions, such as physical and occupational therapy.

A nurse is discussing the Healthy People initiative with a newly licensed nurse. Which of the following information should nurse include?

The program focuses on providing goals and data for improved public health. Rationale: The Healthy People initiative is a program by the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services (HHS) that is intended to improve the overall health of Americans. The Healthy People website includes data from past and current health trends in the U.S. as well as health goals and resources that can help achieve them.