ATI Hypovolemia
Neuro-musculoskeletal findings
Dizziness, syncope, confusion, weakness and fatigue.
Vital Sign Findings
Hyperthermia, tachycardia, thready pulse, hypotension, orthostatic hypotension, decreased CVP, tachypneic, hypoxia. Tachycardia occurs in an attempt to maintain a normal BP.
Causes of Dehydration
Hyperventilation, Diabetic Ketoacidosis, Enteral feeding without sufficient water intake.
Hypovolemia can lead to?
Hypovolemic shock.
Lab tests for hypovolemia
In hypovolemia your hematocrit will be increased.
Renal findings
Oliguria
Lab tests for dehydration
Serum Sodium: dehydration equals increased hemoconcentration.
Lab tests for dehydration
Serum osmolarity: Dehydration equals increased hemoconcentration (osmolarity) which is greater then 300, increased protein, BUN, electrolytes and glucose.
hypovolemia causes
Third spacing which includes peritonitis, intestinal obstruction, ascites and burns.
GI findings.
Thirst, dry furrowed tongue, nausea/vomiting, anorexia, acute weight loss
Care of Patient
Urinalysis, oxygen saturation, CBC and electrolytes. Oxygen as prescribed. Monitor Vital signs and heart rhythm, auscultate lung sounds, initiate and maintain intravenous access
Lab tests for dehydration
Urine specific gravity and osmolarity: Dehydration equals increased concentration
Causes of hypovolemia
abnormal GI losses such as vomiting nasogastric suctioning, and diarrhea.
hypovolemia causes
abnormal renal losses such as diuretic therapies, diabetes insidious, renal diseases, adrenal insufficiency and osmotic diuresis.
Causes of hypovolemia
altered intake, such as NPO
Fluid volume deficits include hypovolemia which is isotonic an dis the loss of water and electrolytes from the ECF
and dehydration which is osmolar which means loss of water with no loss of electrolytes.
Hypovolemia causes
diaphoresis
Other findings include
diminished capillary refill, cool clammy skin, diaphoresis, sunken eyeballs, flattened neck veins, poor skin turgor and tenting.
hypovolemia causes
hemorrhage
Hemoconcentration occurs with dehydration
resulting in increased hematocrit, serum electrolytes and urine specific gravity.
