ATP & ADP

? releases ? for these ? when it ? a ? group (? or ? ?) to form ? ? (?). This is a ? reaction ? by an ? ?. A small quantity of ? is released (? kJ mol-1); enough to power ? ? but not so much that ? is ?

ATP releases energy for these reactions when it loses a phosphate group (Pi or inorganic phosphate) to form adenosine diphosphate (ADP). This is a hydrolysis reaction catalysed by an ATPase enzyme. A small quantity of energy is released (30.6 kJ mol-1); enough to power endothermic reactions but not so much that energy is wasted

? ? (ATP) is a ?. It is made up of: - ? - ? - ? ? groups

Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) is a nucleotide. It is made up of: - ribose - adenine - 3x phosphate groups

? (and ?) are a much more suited to ? ? than ? which is too ?. However, ? is a much better as an ? source of ? since it releases ? in a ? step

Carbohydrates (and lipids) are a much more suited to energy storage than ATP which is too unstable. However, ATP is a much better as an immediate source of energy since it releases energy in a single step

It serves as the ? ? ? in all ? in all ? (it is '?'). Whenever ? is needed, ? is used. For example in... - ? ? - ? of ? ? ? ?

It serves as the energy currency molecule in all cells in all organisms (it is 'universal'). Whenever energy is needed, ATP is used. For example in... - active transport - synthesis of organic molecules muscular contraction

List the properties of ? described above that makes it suited to its role as the ? ? ? - It releases ? ? in a ? step - It releases a ? ? of ? so that ? is not wanted - Rapidly ? from ? + ?

List the properties of ATP described above that makes it suited to its role as the energy currency molecule - It releases energy immediately in a single step - It releases a small quantity of energy so that energy is not wanted - Rapidly regenerated from ADP + Pi

? occurs, principally, during the process of ?. The ? ? during the ? of ? ? such as ? is ? to the formation of ?.

Phosphrylation occurs, principally, during the process of respiration. The energy released during the breakdown of respiratory substrates such as glucose is coupled to the formation of ATP.

Whilst an ? quantity of ? is needed and used by ?, ? do not ? very much ?. For example, an ? ? body uses approximately ? of ? per ?, even when at ?, yet only about ? of ? is ? in the body at any ? ?. This means that ? is ? being ? from ? and ?. This type of ? reaction is called ?

Whilst an enormous quantity of ATP is needed and used by organisms, cells do not store very much ATP. For example, an adult human body uses approximately 1kg of ATP per hour, even when at rest, yet only about 5g of ATP is stored in the body at any one time. This means that ATP is constantly being regenerated from ADP and Pi. This type of condensation reaction is called phosphorylation

Write out the balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of sucrose ? + ? -> ? + ? ? + ? -> ? + ?

Write out the balanced chemical equation for the synthesis of sucrose C6H12O6 + C6H1206 -> C12H22O11 + H20 Glucose + Fructose -> Sucrose + Water

Write out the word equation for the hydrolysis for ATP ? + ? -> ? + ? ? ? + ? -> ? ? + ? + ?

Write out the word equation for the hydrolysis for ATP ATP + Water -> ADP + Pi Adenosine Triphosphate + Water -> Adenosine Diphosphate + Phosphate + energy