AVS 222 quiz 8
(t/f) the one cell embryo is called morula
false, it is called a zygote
ZP2 is responsible for the primary binding of sperms to the oocyte
false, it is involved with holding the sperm in during penetration
what are the events in capacitation
hyperactive motility and true acrosomal reaction
why is zona blocking important
if more than one sperm gets in, there will be too much genetic info in the cell - prevents polyspermy
for achievement of maximum fertility, sperm must reside ______________
in the uterus for a period of time
where does capacitation take place in the female repro tract
it depends on the species, but it can take place in the uterus and/or the oviduct
why is capacitation important
it gives the sperm the ability to fertilize the egg
what is the role of ZP 3 during fertilization and sperm binding to the egg
it is responsible for helping with initial adhesion of the sperm to the egg
what is the role of ZP 2 during fertilization and sperm binding to the egg
it is responsible for holding the sperm to the egg during penetration
what is zona blocking
it is what happens after the sperm fully enters the egg. the cortical granules release an enzyme causing a chemical reaction that changes the ZP so that no more sperm can bind to it.
what is unique about horses in terms of oviduct movement
only fertilized eggs pass from the oviduct to the uterus
what is the space between the ZP and the oocyte membrane
peivitelline space
what are the three mechanisms by which sperm are lost from the female repro tract and thus don't reach the uterine body
phagocytosis by WBCs, physical barriers, retrograde transport
what 2 other ways besides cervix mucus does sperms get lost in the female repro tract
phagocytosis from WBCs, physical barrier (cervix)
what are the 2 transports that happen to sperm
rapid and sustained
what type of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow helps push the sperm forward
sialomucin
what are the two types of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow
sialomucin and sulfamucin
what type of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow washes the sperm out
sulfomucin
what happens to the DNA contained in the sperm after fusion
the DNA undergoes decondensation
what is vesiculation
the intermediate transformation of sperm during the acrosome reaction where the plasma membrane regresses and acosomal enzyme becomes acrosin.
where in the female repro tract sperm become hyperactive?
the oviduct
what is the vitelline membrane
the plasma membrane of the oocyte
what is SP10
the surface protein of the sperm that recognizes the ZP
what happens to the motility pattern when sperm get hyperactive
they go from moving in a linear motion to a dancing motion
(t/f) after membrane fusion of sperm with the ZP, the cortical granules undergo exocytosis and their contents are released
true
(t/f) capacitation factor can be added to the sperm through the sperm maturation process in in-vitro fertilization
true
(t/f) decapacitaiton factor can be added to the sperm cells through the sperm maturation process in the epididymis
true
(t/f) sialomucin influenced by estrogen aids in sperm transport in the female repro tract
true
(t/f) sperm that reach the ampulla through the sustained transport are capable of fertilizing an egg
true
(t/f) sperms must reside in the female repro tract before the acquire maximum fertility
true
what is sustained transport
when sperm moves slow enough through the tract it has time to capacitate
what is rapid transport
when the sperm moves so quickly through the tract it doesn't have tome to capacitate
the site of species specify in sperm penetration of the egg is the___________
zona pellucida
what is the name of the protein layer surrounding the egg
zona pellucida
the 2 enzymes released in the acrosomal reaction are mainly
acrosin and hyaluronidase
An orderly fusion of the spermatozoal plasma membrane and the outer acrosomal membrane that enables the release of acrosomal enzymes is called _________ reaction
acrosome
when is meiosis completed
at fertilization
what is syngamy
combining of the male and female pronuclei