AVS 222 quiz 8

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(t/f) the one cell embryo is called morula

false, it is called a zygote

ZP2 is responsible for the primary binding of sperms to the oocyte

false, it is involved with holding the sperm in during penetration

what are the events in capacitation

hyperactive motility and true acrosomal reaction

why is zona blocking important

if more than one sperm gets in, there will be too much genetic info in the cell - prevents polyspermy

for achievement of maximum fertility, sperm must reside ______________

in the uterus for a period of time

where does capacitation take place in the female repro tract

it depends on the species, but it can take place in the uterus and/or the oviduct

why is capacitation important

it gives the sperm the ability to fertilize the egg

what is the role of ZP 3 during fertilization and sperm binding to the egg

it is responsible for helping with initial adhesion of the sperm to the egg

what is the role of ZP 2 during fertilization and sperm binding to the egg

it is responsible for holding the sperm to the egg during penetration

what is zona blocking

it is what happens after the sperm fully enters the egg. the cortical granules release an enzyme causing a chemical reaction that changes the ZP so that no more sperm can bind to it.

what is unique about horses in terms of oviduct movement

only fertilized eggs pass from the oviduct to the uterus

what is the space between the ZP and the oocyte membrane

peivitelline space

what are the three mechanisms by which sperm are lost from the female repro tract and thus don't reach the uterine body

phagocytosis by WBCs, physical barriers, retrograde transport

what 2 other ways besides cervix mucus does sperms get lost in the female repro tract

phagocytosis from WBCs, physical barrier (cervix)

what are the 2 transports that happen to sperm

rapid and sustained

what type of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow helps push the sperm forward

sialomucin

what are the two types of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow

sialomucin and sulfamucin

what type of mucus produced by the cervix of the cow washes the sperm out

sulfomucin

what happens to the DNA contained in the sperm after fusion

the DNA undergoes decondensation

what is vesiculation

the intermediate transformation of sperm during the acrosome reaction where the plasma membrane regresses and acosomal enzyme becomes acrosin.

where in the female repro tract sperm become hyperactive?

the oviduct

what is the vitelline membrane

the plasma membrane of the oocyte

what is SP10

the surface protein of the sperm that recognizes the ZP

what happens to the motility pattern when sperm get hyperactive

they go from moving in a linear motion to a dancing motion

(t/f) after membrane fusion of sperm with the ZP, the cortical granules undergo exocytosis and their contents are released

true

(t/f) capacitation factor can be added to the sperm through the sperm maturation process in in-vitro fertilization

true

(t/f) decapacitaiton factor can be added to the sperm cells through the sperm maturation process in the epididymis

true

(t/f) sialomucin influenced by estrogen aids in sperm transport in the female repro tract

true

(t/f) sperm that reach the ampulla through the sustained transport are capable of fertilizing an egg

true

(t/f) sperms must reside in the female repro tract before the acquire maximum fertility

true

what is sustained transport

when sperm moves slow enough through the tract it has time to capacitate

what is rapid transport

when the sperm moves so quickly through the tract it doesn't have tome to capacitate

the site of species specify in sperm penetration of the egg is the___________

zona pellucida

what is the name of the protein layer surrounding the egg

zona pellucida

the 2 enzymes released in the acrosomal reaction are mainly

acrosin and hyaluronidase

An orderly fusion of the spermatozoal plasma membrane and the outer acrosomal membrane that enables the release of acrosomal enzymes is called _________ reaction

acrosome

when is meiosis completed

at fertilization

what is syngamy

combining of the male and female pronuclei


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