Axial Skeleton

How many vertebrae comprise the thoracic region of the spine?

12

Identify the region of the sacrum that articulates with the hip bone

Auricular surface

Which part of a vertebra is known as the centrum?

Body

The vertebrae of the _____________ region include the transverse foramen, which serve as passageways for the vertebral arteries.

Cervical

Identify the general location of the zygomatic arch.

Cheek

Identify the recessed area surrounding the crista galli.

Cribriform plates

Identify the landmark that projects superiorly into the floor of the skull and serves as a site of attachment for the meninges.

Crista galli

Identify the articulation site for the head of a rib.

Demi-facet

Name the opening in the occipital bone through which the spinal cord passes.

Foramen magnum

Which of the following bones is unpaired?

Frontal

Identify the part of a rib that articulates in the demi-facets of the thoracic vertebra.

Head

Name the type of connective tissue that anchors the ribs onto the sternum.

Hyaline cartilage

Identify the location of the ethmoid bone.

In between the orbits

Individual vertebrae articulate with each other forming the vertebral column. Identify the part of a vertebra that articulates immediately with the vertebra below it.

Inferior articular processes

Which bone is NOT considered to be part of the cranium?

Lacrimal bone

The five vertebrae of the ____________ region must support the weight of the head, neck, and trunk.

Lumbar

Identify the region of the mandible that forms part of the temporomandibular joint.

Mandibular condyle

Which region of the mandible articulates with the cranium?

Mandibular condyle

Which landmark is not visible from an anterior view?

Mandibular foramina

Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the mandible.

Mandibular fossa

Name the U shaped border found between the mandibular condyle and the coronoid process.

Mandibular notch

The region of the mandible that anchors the coronoid process is the:

Mandibular ramus

Identify the shield shaped top of the sternum.

Manubrium

Which facial bones fuse to form the upper jaw?

Maxillary

Which surface of the maxillary bones fuse together?

Medial

Which landmark is composed of fused spinous processes?

Median sacral crest

Which facial bones makeup the central portion of the bridge of the nose?

Nasal

Which of the following bones do not contain a sinus?

Nasal

Which of the following locations is not formed by part of the maxillae?

Nasal septum

Identify the area of the occipital bone that articulates with the vertebral column.

Occipital condyles

Identify the posterior most region of the hard palate.

Palatine bones

Which facial bones form the roof of the mouth?

Palatine bones Maxillary bones

Which part of the maxillary bones form the roof of the mouth?

Palatine processes

Identify the location of the occipital bone.

Posterior surface and base of the cranium

Which region of the vertebral column is immediately inferior to the lumbar region?

Sacral

Identify the bony posterior wall of the pelvis.

Sacrum

____________ is a single bony element that articulates with the ilium of the pelvic girdle

Sacrum

Identify the suture found between the 2 parietal bones

Sagittal suture

Identify the region of the sphenoid bone in contact with the pituitary gland.

Sella turcica

Identify the landmark on the temporal bone that is a pointy spine

Styloid process

Which region of the vertebral column is located superior to the thoracic region and which region is inferior to the thoracic region, respectively?

Superiorly: cervical and inferiorly: lumbar

Which of the following thoracic vertebrae is the largest?

T12

Identify the region on the zygomatic bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.

Temporal process

The shape of the spinous process can be used to help determine if a vertebra is from the lumbar region.

True

The sphenoid bone contains a sinus.

True

Identify the region of a rib that articulates with the transverse process of a vertebra

Tubercle

What bone forms part of the nasal septum?

Vomer

What part of the sternum is palpated prior to giving CPR?

Xiphoid Process

Identify the 2 bones that make up the zygomatic arch.

Zygomatic bone and temporal bone

What is the anatomical name for the facial bones known as "cheekbones"?

Zygomatic bones

Identify the region of the temporal bone that forms part of the zygomatic arch.

Zygomatic process

Identify the region on the temporal bone that forms much of the zygomatic arch.

Zygomatic process

Identify the central portion of the sternum.

body

The occipital bone forms part of the:

cranium

The sella turcica is best described as:

depression

The ethmoid bone forms the inferior portion of the nasal septum.

false

The ethmoid bone is a facial bone.

false

Identify the location of the sphenoid bone.

floor of the skull

Which of theses projections of the ethmoid bone are most visible in the nasal cavity?

middle nasal conchae

The tiny holes in the cribriform plate are:

olfactory foramina

How many ribs make up the rib cage?

24

Identify the typical number of vertebrae that fuse during development to form the coccyx.

3 - 5

How many lumbar vertebrae are in the vertebral column?

5

How many pairs of ribs are considered false ribs?

5

Name the number of vertebrae that fuse together to form the sacrum.

5

How many pairs of ribs articulate directly with the sternum?

7

Identify the best description of the mandibular condyle

A projection on the mandible

Identify the best description of the mandibular fossa.

A shallow depression

Identify the tailbone.

Coccyx

The small bone in the _______ articulates with the fifth fused sacral vertebra.

Coccyx

Which of the following characteristics do not belong to the lumbar region?

Elongated spinous process

Which of the following bones is not a facial bone?

Ethmoid

Identify the hole that marks the opening of the ear canal on the superficial surface of the skull.

External acoustic meatus

The lumbar vertebrae are part of the appendicular skeleton.

False

The lumbar vertebrae are roughly the same size as vertebrae from the rest of the vertebral column.

False

Where is the mandibular fossa located?

Inferior surface of the zygomatic process

Identify the small hole on the maxillary bone located below the orbit.

Infraorbital foramen

Which of the following structures would not be found within a vertebral foramen?

Intervertebral discs

Identify the small facial bones found in the medial wall of the orbit.

Lacrimal

Identify the large suture on the posterior surface of the skull at the border of the occipital bone.

Lambdoid

Which of these regions of the vertebral column would be most accessible from a posterior surgical approach?

Lamina

Identify the region of the sphenoid bone that contains the optic canal.

Lesser wings

Identify the region of the temporal bone that articulates with the lower jaw.

Mandibular fossa

Nerves and blood vessels pass through the _____ to reach the chin.

Mental foramina

Identify the landmark that is not part of the sphenoid bone.

Olfactory foramina

Which part of the ethmoid bone forms part of the nasal septum?

Perpendicular plate

Which cranial bone spans the width of the cranial floor?

Sphenoid

Name the vertebral projection oriented in a median plane.

Spinous process

Identify the region of the temporal bone found superior to the external acoustic meatus that articulates with the parietal bone.

Squamous part

Identify the cranial nerve that passes through the olfactory foramina.

The olfactory nerve (CN I)

The twelve pairs of ribs articulate with the vertebrae in the __________ region.

Thoracic

Which region of the vertebral column is immediately superior to the lumbar region?

Thoracic

Identify the articulation site for a tubercle of a rib.

Transverse costal facet

Identify a lateral projection of a vertebra.

Transverse process

The ethmoid bone is part of the axial skeleton.

True

The lumbar vertebrae are found in the lower back.

True