Barrons-Anatomy Chapter 13 (The Endocrine system)

Pataasin ang iyong marka sa homework at exams ngayon gamit ang Quizwiz!

The activity of the adrenal gland is regulated by an anterior pituitary hormone abbreviated ______.

ACTH

An insufficient secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex may result in the disease called _______.

Addison's disease

Over secretions of hormones from the adrenal cortex can result in ____________.

Crushing syndrome

The thymus gland plays an important role in the development of the white blood cells called __________.

T-lymphocytes

Another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is ______________.

adenohypophysis

When non-steroid hormones interact with cells they may affect the activity of an enzyme called ________.

adenyl cyclase

One hormone of the posterior pituitary gland acts on the kidney tubules and is called ______________.

antidiuretic hormone

Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreas known as ____________.

beta cells

All hormones are transported in the body by the _____________.

blood

The location of the pineal gland is within the __________.

brain

The calcium regulating hormone of the thyroid gland is called ________.

calcitonin

Parathyroid hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands regulates the body's level of ___________.

calcium

Steroid hormones are lipid molecules synthesized from ___________.

cholesterol

The outer tissue of the adrenal gland is known as the ______.

cortex

Insufficient secretion of thyroxin in infants and children can result in a disease called ____________.

cretinism

The hormones gastrin and secretin function in the process of _____________.

digestion

An important hormone of the adrenal medulla which functions in the "flight or fight" response is called _____________.

epinephrine

Female sex hormones are known as ____________.

estrogens

Hormones from the ovaries influence the secondary sex characteristic of the __________.

female

Oversecretion of the human growth hormone during childhood results in _________.

gigantism

When a person has not eaten, the pancreas produces the hormone ___________-.

glucagon

The metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fats is regulated by hormones of the adrenal glands called _________.

glucocorticoids

Insulin promotes cell uptake of ____________.

glucose

The function of the hormone glucagon is to stimulate the break-down of the carbohydrate __________.

glycogen

In the absence of dietary iodine, the thyroid gland swells and produces a condition known as ____________.

goiter

The products of the endocrine glands are __________.

hormones

The hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland are produced by a portion of the brain called the ___________.

hypothalamus

Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas produces an insufficient supply of __________.

insulin

In order to produce thyroxin, the diet must contain _______.

iodine

The adrenal glands may be found on the superior borders of the ______________.

kidneys

The inner tissue of the adrenal gland is called the _______.

medulla

The hormone that is believed to regulate mating behavior and the day-night cycle is called ___________-.

melatonin

Aldosterone is an example of adrenal hormones called ________.

mineralocorticoids

The concentration of electrolytes in the body is regulated by adrenal hormones called _____________.

mineralocorticoids

The thyroid gland is located in the tissues of the _______.

neck

The hormone whose target tissue is the uterus where it induces contractions is called ____________.

oxytocin

The large glandular organ of the abdominal cavity beneath the stomach is the ____________.

pancreas

Another name for the parathyroid hormone is __________.

parathormone

The small endocrine gland located in the midbrain that secrets melatonin is the _____________.

pineal gland

The corpus luteum of a woman secretes the hormone ___________.

progesterone

The hormone that acts on mammary glands and stimulates the production of milk is called _________.

prolactin

Numerous cells in various organs of the body secrete lipid hormones called _____________.

prostaglandins

The hormone insulin is composed exclusively of ___________.

protein

The hormone erythropoietin functions during the maturation of _____________.

red blood cells

The pituitary gland lies in the saddle of a sphenoid bone called the ______________.

sella turcica

Estrogen, progesterone, and cortisol are examples of _________.

steroid hormones

The maturation and development of T-lymphocytes is regulated by hormones called _____________.

thymosins

The hormone TSH is secreted by the pituitary gland and has an effect on the ____________.

thyroid gland

The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the ________________.

thyroid gland

An excess of thyroxin can result in a condition known as ___________.

Graves' desease


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