Barrons-Anatomy Chapter 13 (The Endocrine system)
The activity of the adrenal gland is regulated by an anterior pituitary hormone abbreviated ______.
ACTH
An insufficient secretion of hormones from the adrenal cortex may result in the disease called _______.
Addison's disease
Over secretions of hormones from the adrenal cortex can result in ____________.
Crushing syndrome
The thymus gland plays an important role in the development of the white blood cells called __________.
T-lymphocytes
Another name for the anterior lobe of the pituitary gland is ______________.
adenohypophysis
When non-steroid hormones interact with cells they may affect the activity of an enzyme called ________.
adenyl cyclase
One hormone of the posterior pituitary gland acts on the kidney tubules and is called ______________.
antidiuretic hormone
Insulin is produced by cells of the pancreas known as ____________.
beta cells
All hormones are transported in the body by the _____________.
blood
The location of the pineal gland is within the __________.
brain
The calcium regulating hormone of the thyroid gland is called ________.
calcitonin
Parathyroid hormone secreted by the parathyroid glands regulates the body's level of ___________.
calcium
Steroid hormones are lipid molecules synthesized from ___________.
cholesterol
The outer tissue of the adrenal gland is known as the ______.
cortex
Insufficient secretion of thyroxin in infants and children can result in a disease called ____________.
cretinism
The hormones gastrin and secretin function in the process of _____________.
digestion
An important hormone of the adrenal medulla which functions in the "flight or fight" response is called _____________.
epinephrine
Female sex hormones are known as ____________.
estrogens
Hormones from the ovaries influence the secondary sex characteristic of the __________.
female
Oversecretion of the human growth hormone during childhood results in _________.
gigantism
When a person has not eaten, the pancreas produces the hormone ___________-.
glucagon
The metabolism of carbohydrates, protein, and fats is regulated by hormones of the adrenal glands called _________.
glucocorticoids
Insulin promotes cell uptake of ____________.
glucose
The function of the hormone glucagon is to stimulate the break-down of the carbohydrate __________.
glycogen
In the absence of dietary iodine, the thyroid gland swells and produces a condition known as ____________.
goiter
The products of the endocrine glands are __________.
hormones
The hormones released by the posterior pituitary gland are produced by a portion of the brain called the ___________.
hypothalamus
Diabetes mellitus is a condition in which the pancreas produces an insufficient supply of __________.
insulin
In order to produce thyroxin, the diet must contain _______.
iodine
The adrenal glands may be found on the superior borders of the ______________.
kidneys
The inner tissue of the adrenal gland is called the _______.
medulla
The hormone that is believed to regulate mating behavior and the day-night cycle is called ___________-.
melatonin
Aldosterone is an example of adrenal hormones called ________.
mineralocorticoids
The concentration of electrolytes in the body is regulated by adrenal hormones called _____________.
mineralocorticoids
The thyroid gland is located in the tissues of the _______.
neck
The hormone whose target tissue is the uterus where it induces contractions is called ____________.
oxytocin
The large glandular organ of the abdominal cavity beneath the stomach is the ____________.
pancreas
Another name for the parathyroid hormone is __________.
parathormone
The small endocrine gland located in the midbrain that secrets melatonin is the _____________.
pineal gland
The corpus luteum of a woman secretes the hormone ___________.
progesterone
The hormone that acts on mammary glands and stimulates the production of milk is called _________.
prolactin
Numerous cells in various organs of the body secrete lipid hormones called _____________.
prostaglandins
The hormone insulin is composed exclusively of ___________.
protein
The hormone erythropoietin functions during the maturation of _____________.
red blood cells
The pituitary gland lies in the saddle of a sphenoid bone called the ______________.
sella turcica
Estrogen, progesterone, and cortisol are examples of _________.
steroid hormones
The maturation and development of T-lymphocytes is regulated by hormones called _____________.
thymosins
The hormone TSH is secreted by the pituitary gland and has an effect on the ____________.
thyroid gland
The parathyroid glands are located on the posterior surface of the ________________.
thyroid gland
An excess of thyroxin can result in a condition known as ___________.
Graves' desease
