IC Ch.3 Review

Since American culture emphasizes technology and speed, most Americans expect things to happen very quickly. T or F

T

We use stereotypes to make predictions about people and situations. T or F

T

Women and men tend to occupy different social locations in some senses, although they clearly share other social locations.

T

If a coworker tells you that your new boss is patient and hardworking, you will be more likely to overlook those qualities in your new boss. T or F

F

Scripts are so useful in guiding us through many of our interactions that it is okay to accept them uncritically. T or F

F

The self-serving bias is found in all cultures around the world. T or F

F

Perception is an active process. T or F

T

Darryl thinks, "Marie was happy today because she's a cheerful person." Darryl's thought is a(n) Question options: a) stable and specific attribution. b) stable and global attribution. c) unstable and specific attribution. d) unstable and global attribution. e) global and specific attribution.

a) stable and specific attribution.

According to a study conducted by Bachen and Illouz (1996), most Americans' prototype of enduring romance reflects media emphasis on acquisition of material goods to support a leisure lifestyle. T or F

T

Physiology, culture and standpoint, social roles, cognitive abilities, and we ourselves affect what we perceive and how we interpret others and experiences. T or F

T

Prototypes, personal constructs, stereotypes, and scripts are cognitive schemata that we use to organize our perceptions of people and phenomena. T or F

T

Assuming that we understand what another person thinks, feels or perceives is known as Question options: a) mind reading. b) cognitive complexity. c) standpoint theory. d) fundamental attribution error. e) implicit error.

a) mind reading.

My boss, Susan, is the best supervisor because she listens to her employees' concerns and ideas. Susan is an example of a(n) Question options: a) prototype. b) script. c) personal construct. d) stereotype. e) attribution.

a) prototype.

Deciding what to pay attention to is part of the ________ process. Question options: a) selection b) organization c) interpretation d) attribution e) construction

a) selection

Which of the following is a script? Question options: a) Your expectation of how a friend will behave b) Your idea about how you should interact with a friend c) The person who exemplifies a friend to you d) How a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent e) The dictionary definition of friend

b) Your idea about how you should interact with a friend

After performing a comprehensive job search, job seekers put together a resume, write a cover letter, and then go on job interviews. This situation best exemplifies Question options: a) prototypes. b) scripts. c) personal constructs. d) stereotypes. e) attributions.

b) scripts.

Mike was responsible for taking care of his two younger siblings while Mike was growing up. As an adult, he is more nurturing and more attentive to others' needs than most of his male peers. Mike's greater care-giving inclination is best explained by his Question options: a) cognitive schemata. b) standpoint. c) selective perception. d) prototypes. e) abstraction.

b) standpoint.

The tendency to overestimate the internal causes and underestimate the external causes of others' undesirable behaviors is part of Question options: a) a prototype. b) the fundamental attribution error. c) a personal construct. d) a stereotype. e) the self-serving bias.

b) the fundamental attribution error.

Which of the following is a prototype? Question options: a) Your expectation of how a friend will behave b) Your idea about how you should interact with a friend c) The person who exemplifies a friend to you d) How a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent e) The dictionary definition of friend

c) The person who exemplifies a friend to you

All of the following are part of the process of human perception EXCEPT: Question options: a) selection. b) organization c) interpretation. d) imagination. e) attribution.

c) interpretation.

Evaluating a person as kind or unkind, intelligent or unintelligent, etc., involves using Question options: a) prototypes. b) scripts. c) personal constructs. d) stereotypes. e) attributions.

c) personal constructs.

Which of the following is a personal construct? Question options: a) Your expectation of how a friend will behave b) Your idea about how you should interact with a friend c) The person who exemplifies a friend to you d)How a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent e) The dictionary definition of the word friend

d) How a friend measures up on the dimension of intelligent-unintelligent

Corey thinks that people who are outgoing are also friendly, confident, and fun. Corey's assumption that outgoing people are also friendly, confident, and fun is an example of ________ at work. Question options: a) a standpoint b) a self-serving bias c) a stereotype d) an implicit personality theory e) mind reading

d) an implicit personality theory

All of the following are guidelines for improving perception and communication EXCEPT: Question options: a) recognize that all perceptions are partial and subjective. b) avoid mind-reading. c) check perceptions with others. d) focus on inferences rather than facts. e) guard against self-serving bias.

d) focus on inferences rather than facts.

Charles says, "I would never join a fraternity. All fraternities do is party." Charles' statement is an example of a(n) Question options: a) prototype. b) script. c) personal construct. d) stereotype. e) attribution.

d) stereotype.

Individuals who are more ________are better able to integrate new information about others and situations. Question options: a) empathic b) adept at mindreading c) standpoint sympathetic d) fundamentally attributive e) cognitively complex

e) cognitively complex

When Jorge does badly on a test or paper, he usually says either the professor was unfair or he had too much to do that week and couldn't study like he wanted to. But when his friends do badly on a test, he tends to think they're not good in that subject or they aren't disciplined. This is an example of Question options: a) prototype. b) script. c) personal construct. d) stereotype. e) fundamental attribution error.

e) fundamental attribution error.

According to the process of human perception, the selection process includes all of the following EXCEPT: Question options: a) qualities of the phenomena. b) self-indication. c) culture. d) attention to change. e) rational judgment.

e) rational judgment.

A point of view shaped by political awareness of the social location of a group to which one belongs is known as a(n) Question options: a) implicit personality. b) script. c) role. d) cognitive ability. e) standpoint.

e) standpoint.