Bio 1 mastering final Ch. 4-6
How many chromosomes did you inherit from your father?
23
If a human diploid cell and a human haploid cell somehow managed to fuse together and not lose any of the chromosomes, how many sets of chromosomes would be inside the newly formed cell?
3
How many chromosomes would be found in the karyotype of a Down syndrome female?
47
Which of the following is a common energy currency in living cells that powers most living organisms?
ATP
Organize the following steps of the light reaction in order.
Absorb sunlight, split water to release electron, produce oxygen as a by-product, capture energy in ATP and NADPH
Albinism is a recessive disorder in which the skin and hair fail to produce pigment. The following question(s) ask you to evaluate the pedigree chart shown here in which "N" is the allele for normal pigmentation and "n" is the allele for albinism. The shaded circles for Deirdre and Shannon represent the only individuals expressing the disorder. What is Deirdre's phenotype?
Albino
Albinism is a recessive disorder in which the skin and hair fail to produce pigment. The following question(s) ask you to evaluate the pedigree chart shown here in which "N" is the allele for normal pigmentation and "n" is the allele for albinism. The shaded circles for Deirdre and Shannon represent the only individuals expressing the disorder. According to the pedigree above, who is a not a carrier of albino?
All of the above are carriers of albino
Which of the following can carry out photosynthesis?
All of the above can carry out photosynthesis
Since energy cannot be created, which arrow represents the energy that will be converted to chemical energy the chameleon can later use?
Arrow B, the insect being eaten
Which process produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (3GP)?
Calvin Cycle
Name the part of the chromosome indicated by the arrow.
Centromere
Identify the stage (or stages) of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria.
Chlorophyll
The chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur in which cellular organelle?
Chloroplasts
What is a photosystem?
Clusters of pigments and proteins that capture light energy
We use energy in many ways. What is one thing we cannot do to energy?
Destroy It
Which stage of cellular respiration requires oxygen that you breathe?
Electron transport chain
during which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of the ATP produced
Electron transport chain
Identify the stage of cellular respiration when glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.
Glycolysis
What is the role of light in photosynthesis?
It energizes electrons
Which of the following statements about heat is false?
It increases the amount of entropy of the system.
identify the role of oxygen in photosynthesis.
It is a waste product in the light reactions.
Respiration is called aerobic because ________
It requires oxygen
What is the name of the syndrome that produces the XXY combination of sex chromosomes?
Klinefelter syndrome
Is an individual with the XXY combination of chromosomes anatomically male or female?
Male
Albinism is a recessive disorder in which the skin and hair fail to produce pigment. The following question(s) ask you to evaluate the pedigree chart shown here in which "N" is the allele for normal pigmentation and "n" is the allele for albinism. The shaded circles for Deirdre and Shannon represent the only individuals expressing the disorder. What is Dawn's Genotype
NN or Nn
Is the number of chromosomes in each cell of an organism a good indicator of the complexity of that organism?
No, the number of chromosomes does not indicate how complex an organism is.
what is the role of chloroplast in animals
None, as animals do not have chloroplast
Which of the following is a waste product of photosynthesis?
O2
Which of the following processes generates a continuum (spectrum) of varying phenotypes?
Polygenic inheritance
Assuming codominance, if a homozygous red-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous white-flowered plant, what will be the color of the offspring?
Red and White
Which stage of photosynthesis, if any, can function in the dark?
Stage 2 (the Calvin cycle)
What molecule(s) link the light reactions (stage 1 of photosynthesis) to the Calvin cycle (stage 2 of photosynthesis)?
The electron shuttles (ATP and NADPH)
Define Mendel's law of independent assortment.
The inheritance of one character has no effect on the inheritance of another character.
Why does yogurt taste sharp?
The taste is from the lactic acid it contains, and acids taste sharp.
Explain how molecules other than glucose can be used as energy sources.
They are modified first and then enter the same metabolic pathway as glucose.
Where do the molecules used as the inputs of the Calvin cycles (ATP and NADPH) come from?
They come from the light reactions.
What is the main by-product of cellular respiration?
Water
Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis?
Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen
DNA plus its associated proteins is called a ________.
chromatin
Genes are located on ________.
chromosomes
What type of cells do not undergo mitosis?
gametes
A test cross is performed to determine if a specific individual is a carrier. The results generate a 50/50 ratio of phenotypes. The test subject is therefore ________.
heterozygous
What specifically separates during meiosis I?
homologous chromosomes
Where does cellular respiration occur?
in the mitochandria
Identify the roll of oxygen in photosyntheis
it is a waste product in the light reaction
When I say a flower is "purple," what have I described?
its phenotype
Recessive disorders related to genes found on the X chromosome but not on the Y are more commonly expressed in ________.
males
What produces genetically unique daughter cells?
meiosis
A zygote (i.e., a fertilized egg) undergoes development to grow. What mechanism is used to generate more cells?
mitosis
Dead or damaged cells are replaced by the process of ________.
mitosis
Which process can be carried out by consumers
only cellular respiration
What are attached at the centromere?
sister chromatids
What specifically separates during meiosis II?
sister chromatids
How does CO2 enter a plant?
stomata
Name the fluid-filled interior of the chloroplast.
stroma
What is the definition of energy?
the capacity to do work
What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?
to produce ATP
Where do the electrons that are excited by the energy in sunlight first come from?
water