Bio 1 mastering final Ch. 4-6

How many chromosomes did you inherit from your father?

23

If a human diploid cell and a human haploid cell somehow managed to fuse together and not lose any of the chromosomes, how many sets of chromosomes would be inside the newly formed cell?

3

How many chromosomes would be found in the karyotype of a Down syndrome female?

47

Which of the following is a common energy currency in living cells that powers most living organisms?

ATP

Organize the following steps of the light reaction in order.

Absorb sunlight, split water to release electron, produce oxygen as a by-product, capture energy in ATP and NADPH

Albinism is a recessive disorder in which the skin and hair fail to produce pigment. The following question(s) ask you to evaluate the pedigree chart shown here in which "N" is the allele for normal pigmentation and "n" is the allele for albinism. The shaded circles for Deirdre and Shannon represent the only individuals expressing the disorder. What is Deirdre's phenotype?

Albino

Albinism is a recessive disorder in which the skin and hair fail to produce pigment. The following question(s) ask you to evaluate the pedigree chart shown here in which "N" is the allele for normal pigmentation and "n" is the allele for albinism. The shaded circles for Deirdre and Shannon represent the only individuals expressing the disorder. According to the pedigree above, who is a not a carrier of albino?

All of the above are carriers of albino

Which of the following can carry out photosynthesis?

All of the above can carry out photosynthesis

Since energy cannot be created, which arrow represents the energy that will be converted to chemical energy the chameleon can later use?

Arrow B, the insect being eaten

Which process produces glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate (3GP)?

Calvin Cycle

Name the part of the chromosome indicated by the arrow.

Centromere

Identify the stage (or stages) of cellular respiration that occurs entirely outside of the mitochondria.

Chlorophyll

The chemical reactions of photosynthesis occur in which cellular organelle?

Chloroplasts

What is a photosystem?

Clusters of pigments and proteins that capture light energy

We use energy in many ways. What is one thing we cannot do to energy?

Destroy It

Which stage of cellular respiration requires oxygen that you breathe?

Electron transport chain

during which stage of cellular respiration is the majority of the ATP produced

Electron transport chain

Identify the stage of cellular respiration when glucose is split into two molecules of pyruvic acid.

Glycolysis

What is the role of light in photosynthesis?

It energizes electrons

Which of the following statements about heat is false?

It increases the amount of entropy of the system.

identify the role of oxygen in photosynthesis.

It is a waste product in the light reactions.

Respiration is called aerobic because ________

It requires oxygen

What is the name of the syndrome that produces the XXY combination of sex chromosomes?

Klinefelter syndrome

Is an individual with the XXY combination of chromosomes anatomically male or female?

Male

Albinism is a recessive disorder in which the skin and hair fail to produce pigment. The following question(s) ask you to evaluate the pedigree chart shown here in which "N" is the allele for normal pigmentation and "n" is the allele for albinism. The shaded circles for Deirdre and Shannon represent the only individuals expressing the disorder. What is Dawn's Genotype

NN or Nn

Is the number of chromosomes in each cell of an organism a good indicator of the complexity of that organism?

No, the number of chromosomes does not indicate how complex an organism is.

what is the role of chloroplast in animals

None, as animals do not have chloroplast

Which of the following is a waste product of photosynthesis?

O2

Which of the following processes generates a continuum (spectrum) of varying phenotypes?

Polygenic inheritance

Assuming codominance, if a homozygous red-flowered plant is crossed with a homozygous white-flowered plant, what will be the color of the offspring?

Red and White

Which stage of photosynthesis, if any, can function in the dark?

Stage 2 (the Calvin cycle)

What molecule(s) link the light reactions (stage 1 of photosynthesis) to the Calvin cycle (stage 2 of photosynthesis)?

The electron shuttles (ATP and NADPH)

Define Mendel's law of independent assortment.

The inheritance of one character has no effect on the inheritance of another character.

Why does yogurt taste sharp?

The taste is from the lactic acid it contains, and acids taste sharp.

Explain how molecules other than glucose can be used as energy sources.

They are modified first and then enter the same metabolic pathway as glucose.

Where do the molecules used as the inputs of the Calvin cycles (ATP and NADPH) come from?

They come from the light reactions.

What is the main by-product of cellular respiration?

Water

Which of the following best describes the chemical equation for photosynthesis?

Water + Carbon dioxide + Energy = Sugar + Oxygen

DNA plus its associated proteins is called a ________.

chromatin

Genes are located on ________.

chromosomes

What type of cells do not undergo mitosis?

gametes

A test cross is performed to determine if a specific individual is a carrier. The results generate a 50/50 ratio of phenotypes. The test subject is therefore ________.

heterozygous

What specifically separates during meiosis I?

homologous chromosomes

Where does cellular respiration occur?

in the mitochandria

Identify the roll of oxygen in photosyntheis

it is a waste product in the light reaction

When I say a flower is "purple," what have I described?

its phenotype

Recessive disorders related to genes found on the X chromosome but not on the Y are more commonly expressed in ________.

males

What produces genetically unique daughter cells?

meiosis

A zygote (i.e., a fertilized egg) undergoes development to grow. What mechanism is used to generate more cells?

mitosis

Dead or damaged cells are replaced by the process of ________.

mitosis

Which process can be carried out by consumers

only cellular respiration

What are attached at the centromere?

sister chromatids

What specifically separates during meiosis II?

sister chromatids

How does CO2 enter a plant?

stomata

Name the fluid-filled interior of the chloroplast.

stroma

What is the definition of energy?

the capacity to do work

What is the main purpose of cellular respiration?

to produce ATP

Where do the electrons that are excited by the energy in sunlight first come from?

water