BIO 1002 Ch. 19

The total number of named species is about A) 1,600. B) 1.6 million. C) 160,000. D) 1.6 billion. E) 160.

B) 1.6 million.

Historically, in the field of taxonomy, what characteristic was most commonly used for determining species relationships? A) Geographic proximity B) Anatomical similarity C) Capability of interbreeding D) DNA sequence similarity E) Chromosomal similarity

B) Anatomical similarity

The most powerful way to infer evolutionary relationships relies on which type of evidence? A) The ability to mate and produce fertile offspring B) Comparison of DNA base sequences C) Behavioral similarities D) Comparative anatomy

B) Comparison of DNA base sequences

Which of the following groups is composed of eukaryotic organisms? A) Bacteria B) Fungi C) Archaea D) Monera

B) Fungi

Which of the following is the smallest or least inclusive group? A) Kingdom B) Genus C) Class D) Domain E) Family

B) Genus

Who introduced the "two-part" system (genus and species) that biologists use to name organisms? A) Aristotle B) Linnaeus C) Whittaker D) Woese E) Darwin

B) Linnaeus

Who was the Swedish naturalist who established the modern system for classifying organisms? A) Aristotle B) Linnaeus C) Whittaker D) Woese E) Darwin

B) Linnaeus

Which of the following groups contains the fewest number of species? A) Phylum B) Order C) Kingdom D) Class E) Domain

B) Order

Based on evolutionary lineage, fungi and animals belong to the same A) order. B) clade. C) species. D) family. E) genus.

B) clade.

A mountain lion, or puma, has the scientific name Felis concolor. The term Felis is the A) species. B) genus. C) kingdom. D) order. E) family.

B) genus.

The Asian elephant has the scientific name Elephas maximus. The term Elephas is the A) species. B) genus. C) kingdom. D) order. E) family.

B) genus.

Which biologist first proposed that all organisms share a common ancestry? A) Aristotle B) Linnaeus C) Whittaker D) Woese E) Darwin

E) Darwin

Which of the following is the largest or most inclusive group? A) Class B) Genus C) Order D) Family E) Phylum

E) Phylum

Which of the following is the smallest or least inclusive group? A) Kingdom B) Class C) Order D) Genus E) Species

E) Species

Before 1970, what was the basis for the biological classification system? A) Three kingdoms: Bacteria, Animalia, and Plantae B) Two kingdoms: Monera and Animalia C) Five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Animalia, and Plantae D) Two kingdoms: Bacteria and Eukarya E) Two kingdoms: Animalia and Plantae

E) Two kingdoms: Animalia and Plantae

Genetics studies of human populations have revealed that A) it is nearly impossible to determine the relatedness of human populations. B) human populations vary tremendously at the level of DNA sequences. C) Homo sapiens probably did not evolve from primates. D) all humans are virtually identical. E) humans have very little genetic variation compared to other mammals.

E) humans have very little genetic variation compared to other mammals.

Evolutionary relationships among organisms are most likely to be revised at the ________ level. A) order B) domain C) genus D) kingdom E) species

E) species

What should biologists do when two similar organisms that were originally thought to be separate species are found to interbreed freely and produce normal offspring whenever they live in the same habitat? A) Consider both types to be a single species. B) Separate the two groups until they become dissimilar enough to prevent interbreeding. C) Retain the two species' names if the organisms have very different appearances. D) Develop a new name for the hybrids.

A) Consider both types to be a single species.

Which group contains mostly unicellular, eukaryotic organisms? A) Protists B) Animalia C) Plantae D) Fungi E) Bacteria

A) Protists

What is the second of the two names in an organism's scientific name? A) Species B) Genus C) Kingdom D) Order E) Family

A) Species

Comparing the chromosomes of chimpanzees and humans has revealed that the two species A) are closely related. B) should be classified in the same genus. C) should not be classified in the same family. D) are only distantly related. E) should be classified in the same species.

A) are closely related.

DNA analysis reveals that two species of birds appear to have evolved from a common ancestor. These two species belong to the same A) clade. B) species. C) gene pool. D) nest group. E) breeding group.

A) clade.

A house cat has the scientific name Felis catus. The term catus is the A) species. B) genus. C) kingdom. D) order. E) family.

A) species.

The science of reconstructing the evolutionary history of life is called A) systematics. B) gradualism. C) pre-adaptation. D) taxidermy. E) biology.

A) systematics.

Which of the following is prokaryotic? A) Animalia B) Plantae C) Archaea D) humans E) Fungi

C) Archaea

What is the main reason scientists use Latin scientific names? A) Common names don't sound professional. B) Scientific publications are usually in Latin. C) Latin names are recognized worldwide, overcoming language barriers. D) All scientists speak Latin. E) Linnaeus was from Italy, so he spoke Latin.

C) Latin names are recognized worldwide, overcoming language barriers.

Which of the following groups is composed of eukaryotic organisms? A) Bacteria B) Monera C) Protists D) Archaea

C) Protists

The number and variety of species in an area is the A) clade. B) domain. C) biodiversity. D) synapomorphy. E) taxonomy.

C) biodiversity.

An organism with a nucleus would be placed in which domain? A) Archaea B) Bacteria C) Fungi D) Eukarya E) Animalia

D) Eukarya

A modern system of classification gives the category name domain to A) insects. B) Hominidae. C) Fungi. D) Eukarya. E) Prokaryota.

D) Eukarya.

Which of the following is a prokaryote? A) Troglodytes gorilla B) Blechnum nudum C) Homo sapiens D) Vibrio cholerae E) Porifera

D) Vibrio cholerae

A major difficulty facing systematists is A) sequencing DNA. B) placing specimens into the predefined taxonomic categories of species and genus. C) understanding the sequence of cell divisions in the early embryology of plants and animals. D) distinguishing similar features due to common ancestry from those due to convergent evolution. E) distinguishing anatomy from physiology in plant evolution.

D) distinguishing similar features due to common ancestry from those due to convergent evolution.

If two organisms are members of the same phylum, then they must also be members of the same A) genus. B) class. C) family. D) domain. E) species.

D) domain.

Modern systematics constructs clades and evolutionary relationships on the basis of A) anatomical similarities. B) fossils. C) mating behaviors. D) genetic similarities. E) whether or not an organism reproduces sexually.

D) genetic similarities.

Canis latrans, Canis lupus, and Canis familiaris are all members of the same A) subspecies. B) race. C) species. D) genus. E) family.

D) genus.