BIO 103 Chapter 13

Nonsteroid hormones differ from steroid hormones in that they

bind to a receptor on the outer surface of the cell membrane.

Insufficient production of growth hormone by the anterior pituitary may result in

dwarfism.

Which one of the following hormone pairs is antagonistic, in that they have opposing effects?

glucagon, insulin

During times of stress, which one of the following glands stimulates the anterior pituitary to release ACTH?

hypothalamus

All of the following may result from untreated diabetes mellitus EXCEPT which one?

increased susceptibility to cancer

Cortisol is a glucocorticoid that helps maintain blood glucose levels during fasting by

promoting fat utilization.

Hormones act upon specific target tissues because

target tissues display the appropriate receptor for a particular hormone.

When oxytocin is released during childbirth, the hormone targets cells in the

uterus

The anterior pituitary gland produces all of the following EXCEPT which one?

ADH

Every hormone in the human body needs to interact with an appropriate receptor on the target cell's membrane before it can cause a response.

False

The secretion of oxytocin during childbirth stimulates ADH release by the anterior pituitary gland.

False

The thymus produces two peptides that function to

aid in the maturation of T lymphocytes.

An individual, driving through his neighborhood, suddenly jams on his car brakes to avoid hitting a child who runs into the road after a ball. A few seconds later, the driver finds that he is shaking and his heart is pounding. This is primarily due to the secretion of which one of the following?

epinephrine from the adrenal medulla

Uptake of blood glucose by liver cells is stimulated by

insulin

Which of the following tissues/organs is NOT a member of the endocrine system?

salivary gland

Which two endocrine glands exert the most control over blood calcium levels?

thyroid and parathyroid

The action of nonsteroid hormones often results in conversion of ATP to cyclic AMP, which then functions

to initiate a cascade of enzyme activations.

A goiter results from low dietary iodine levels

because thyroxine cannot be made, which results in high levels of TSH.

The alpha, beta, and delta cells located in the islets of Langerhans of the thyroid produce three different hormones that are important in the regulation of sodium and potassium levels of the blood.

false

Which one of the following is required in the diet in order for active thyroid hormones to be produced?

iodine