Bio 109 Quiz 5

Synthesized in the hypothalamus, these hormones travel along the extended axons of the neurosecretory cells to the posterior pituitary.

ADH and Oxytocin

Which is an example of pheromone function?

An ant leaving a scent trail to help other ants find food

Which of the following characterizes the glomerular filtrate, the fluid that passes from the blood in the glomerulus into the proximal tubule of the nephron?

It is blood plasma that lacks most proteins

Ovulation is the follicular response to a burst of secretion of:

LH

The more concentrated the urine that a mammal can produce, the longer are its:

Loops of Henle

Which of the following most accurately describes selective permeability?

Only certain molecules can cross a cell membrane

Which of the following statements comparing spermatogenesis and oogenesis is/are true?

Spermatogenesis, including the mitotic divisions of stem cells, occurs throughout adolescence and adulthood.

The correct sequence of spermatogenetic stages leading to the formation of sperms in a mature human testis is:

Spermatogonia- spermatocyte-spermatid- sperms

Which row of observations would be the most likely for these organisms in their natural environment?

Terrestrial mammal: concentrated urine Freshwater fish: dilute urine Marine fish: concentrated

One of the waste products that accumulates during cellular functions is carbon dioxide. It is removed via the respiratory system. What other waste products may accumulate during normal physiological functioning in a vertebrate?

ammonia, uric acid, and urea

Testosterone is an example of a chemical signal that affects the cells that synthesize it, the neighboring cells in the testis, and distant cells outside the gonads, Thus testosterone is an example of:

an autocrine signal , a paracrine signal, and an endocrine signal

Testosterone is an example of a chemical signal that affects the cells that synthesize it, the neighboring cells in the testis, and distant cells outside the gonads. Thus, testosterone is an example of:

an autocrine signal, a paracrine signal, and an endocrine signal.

Parthenogenesis is a form of asexual reproduction in which:

an egg develops without being fertilized

A renal physiologist wants to determine the rate of filtration in the glomeruli of the kidneys. The best experimental design would be to inject a substance into the blood which:

can pass through the glomerular capillaries and is not reabsorbed in the renal tubules

Sexual reproduction:

can produce diverse phenotypes that may enhance survival of a population in a changing environment.

The high osmolarity of the renal medulla is maintained by all of the following except:

diffusion of salt from the descending limb of the loop of Henle

The level of what hormone coordinates the follicular phase of the ovarian cycle with the proliferative phase of the uterine cycle?

estradiol

To maintain homeostasis, freshwater fish must:

excrete large quantities of water.

A human who has no access to fresh water but is forced to drink seawater instead will:

excrete more water molecules than taken in, because of the high load of ion ingestion

If two solutions that differ in their osmolarity are separated by a selectively permeable membrane (permeable to water only), the net flow of water is:

from the hyposmotic to hyperosmotic solution.

As filtrate moves down the loop of Henle, the surrounding interstitial fluid has a _____ osmolality than the filtrate, so _____ leave(s) the filtrate.

higher, water

Urea is the primary nitrogenous waste product of:

humans

If a particular hormone uses a cell surface receptor in its signal transduction pathway, that hormone:

is likely water soluble

Ammonia:

is soluble in water.

The body fluids of an osmoconformer would be _____ with its _____ environment.

isosmotic; saltwater

Among the following species, the most concentrated urine is excreted by:

kangaroo rats

The necropsy (postmortem analysis) of a freshwater fish that died after being places accidentally in saltwater would likely show that:

loss of water by osmosis from cells in vital organs resulted in cell death and organ failure

Metamorphosis in the caterpillar to a butterfly is initiated by:

low JH levels

Which of the following structures in females is analogous in function to the vas deferens in males?

oviduct

Birds secrete uric acid as their nitrogenous waster because uric acid:

requires little water for nitrogenous waster disposal, thus reducing body mass

Marine birds eliminate excess salts through their:

salt glands in their heads

People who suffer from inadequate iodine in the diet to produce sufficient levels of a hormone to provide negative feedback on the hypothalamus and anterior pituitary. What is that hormone?

thyroid hormone