BIO 142 Heart

Cardiac output can be increased by all of the following except one. Choose the exception. A). decreasing ejection fraction B). decreasing end-systolic volume C). increasing stroke volume D). increasing ejection fraction E). increasing heart rate

A). decreasing ejection fraction

The pulmonary veins carry blood to the: A). heart. B). lungs. C). brain. D). intestines. E). liver.

A). heart.

In cardiac muscle, the fast depolarization phase of the action potential is the result of: A). increased membrane permeability to sodium ions. B). increased membrane permeability to potassium ions. C). decreased membrane permeability to calcium ions. D). decreased membrane permeability to sodium ions. E). increased membrane permeability to chloride ions.

A). increased membrane permeability to sodium ions.

The circumflex branch and the anterior interventricular artery are branches of the: A). right coronary artery. B). left coronary artery. C). interventricular artery. D). coronary sinus. E). aorta.

B). left coronary artery.

As blood leaves the right ventricle it passes through the ________ and then into the pulmonary trunk. A). pulmonary veins B). pulmonary valve C). aorta D). inferior vena cava E). superior vena cava

B). pulmonary valve

Blood leaves the right ventricle by passing through the: A). aortic valve. B). pulmonary valve. C). mitral valve. D). tricuspid valve. E). bicuspid valve.

B). pulmonary valve.

The normal pacemaker of the heart is located in the: A). Purkinje fibers. B). sinoatrial node. C). atrioventricular node. D). wall of the left ventricle. E). both the left and right ventricles.

B). sinoatrial node.

Which of the following would be greater? A). the end-diastolic volume when the heart rate is 150 beats/minute B). the end-diastolic volume when the heart rate is 60 beats/minute

B). the end-diastolic volume when the heart rate is 60 beats/minute

The ________ ventricle has a greater workload than the ________. A). left; right ventricle B). right; left ventricle C). right; systemic circulation D). all of these E). none of these

A). left; right ventricle

The coronary sulcus is a groove that: A). marks the border between the atria and ventricles. B). marks the boundary line between the right and left ventricles. C). marks the boundary line between the right and left atria. D). separates the atrioventricular valves from the atria. E). separates the coronary arteries from the coronary veins.

A). marks the border between the atria and ventricles.

If a patient's tricuspid valve was leaking during systole, what would happen? A). regurgitation into the right atrium B). regurgitation into the superior vena cava C). regurgitation into the left atrium D). all of these E). none of these

A). regurgitation into the right atrium

The right ventricle pumps blood to the: A). right and left lungs. B). left ventricle. C). left atrium. D). aorta. E). right atrium.

A). right and left lungs.

Blood returning to the heart from the systemic circuit first enters the: A). right atrium. B). right ventricle. C). left atrium. D). left ventricle. E). conus arteriosus.

A). right atrium.

The marginal branch and posterior interventricular branch are branches of the: A). right coronary artery. B). left coronary artery. C). circumflex artery. D). coronary sinus. E). aorta.

A). right coronary artery.

There are ________ pulmonary veins. A). 2 B). 4 C). 6 D). 8 E). 10

B). 4

The pulmonary arteries carry blood to the: A). heart. B). lungs. C). brain. D). intestines. lE). iver.

B). lungs.

If the connection between the SA node and AV node becomes blocked, A). the ventricles will beat faster. B). the ventricles will beat more slowly. C). the ventricular beat will remain unchanged. D). cardiac output will increase. E). all of these

B). the ventricles will beat more slowly.

The pulmonary semilunar valve prevents backward flow into the: A). aorta. B). pulmonary trunk. C). pulmonary veins. D). right ventricle. E). left atrium.

D). right ventricle.

The phase in the cardiac cycle when the mitral valve is closed and the aortic valve is open is the: A). atrial systole. B). early diastolic filling phase. C). late diastolic filling phase. D). ventricular ejection of ventricular systole. E). dicrotic phase.

D). ventricular ejection of ventricular systole.

________ is to contraction as ________ is to relaxation. A). Systole; diastole B). Diastole; systole C). Filling; relaxing D). Ejection; filling E). Systole; diastole or Ejection; filling

E). Systole; diastole or Ejection; filling

If there is a complete block between the SA node and the AV node, how would the ECG be affected? A). The P-R interval will be shorter. B). The QRS duration will be longer. C). There will be much bigger P waves. D). The ventricles will stop beating. E). The rate of P waves will be faster than the rate of QRS complexes.

E). The rate of P waves will be faster than the rate of QRS complexes.

The bicuspid or mitral valve is located: A). in the opening of the aorta. B). in the opening of the pulmonary trunk. C). where the venae cavae join the right atrium. D). between the right atrium and right ventricle. E). between the left atrium and left ventricle.

E). between the left atrium and left ventricle.

During the T wave of the electrocardiogram, the ventricles are: A). depolarizing. B). repolarizing. C). contracting. D). relaxing. E). both repolarizing and relaxing.

E). both repolarizing and relaxing.

The function of the atrium is to: A). collect blood. B). pump blood to the lungs. C). pump blood into the systemic circuit. D). pump blood to the ventricle. E). collect blood and pump blood to the ventricle.

E). collect blood and pump blood to the ventricle.

David suffers from a prolapsed mitral valve. This condition would cause: A). increased effort by the right ventricle. B). increased effort by the left ventricle. C). regurgitation. D). increased effort by the right ventricle and regurgitation. E). increased effort by the left ventricle and regurgitation.

E). increased effort by the left ventricle and regurgitation.

The first heart sound is heard when the: A). AV valves open. B). AV valves close. C). semilunar valves close. D). atria contract. E). blood enters the aorta.

B). AV valves close.

The first blood vessels to branch from the aorta are the ________ arteries. A). pulmonary B). coronary C). circumflex D). carotid E). subclavian

B). coronary

When the left ventricle contracts, the diameter of the ventricular chamber: A). increases. B). decreases. C). remains the same.

B). decreases.

When the left ventricle contracts, the distance from the apex to the base: A). increases. B). decreases. C). remains unchanged.

B). decreases.

Pacemaker cells in the SA node: A). have a well-defined resting potential. B). generate action potentials that spread to the myocardium. C). are highly contractile. D). all of these E). none of these

B). generate action potentials that spread to the myocardium.

Each of the following factors will increase cardiac output, except: A). increased venous return. B). increased parasympathetic stimulation. C). increased sympathetic stimulation. D). increased heart rate. E). both increased venous return and increased parasympathetic stimulation.

B). increased parasympathetic stimulation.

When the semilunar valves close, the AV valves then: A). close. B). open. C). make the third heart sound. D). all of these E). none of these

B). open.

Tetanic muscle contractions don't occur in a normal cardiac muscle because: A). cardiac muscle tissue contracts on its own. B). neural stimulation is lacking. C). the refractory period lasts until the muscle relaxes. D). the refractory period ends before the muscle reaches peak tension. E). potassium channels outnumber sodium channels.

C). the refractory period lasts until the muscle relaxes.

Blood flowing into the heart from the venae cavae flows next through the ________ valve. A). mitral B). bicuspid C). tricuspid D). pulmonary semilunar E). aortic semilunar

C). tricuspid

The following are structural components of the conducting system of the heart.. 1. Purkinje fibers 2. AV bundle 3. AV node 4. SA node 5. bundle branches The sequence in which excitation would move through this system is: A). 1, 4, 3, 2, 5. B). 3, 2, 4, 5, 1. C). 3, 5, 4, 2, 1. D). 4, 3, 2, 5, 1. E). 4, 2, 3, 5, 1.

D). 4, 3, 2, 5, 1.

Depolarization of the ventricles is represented on an electrocardiogram by the: A). P wave. B). T wave. C). S wave. D). QRS complex. E). PR complex.

D). QRS complex.

Cardiac output is increased by: A). more sympathetic stimulation. B). increased end-diastolic volume. C). increased stroke volume. D). all of these E). none of these

D). all of these

Stroke volume depends on: A). end-diastolic volume. B). the contractility of the ventricle. C). the pressure required to pump blood into the aorta. D). all of these E). none of these

D). all of these

The interventricular sulci and coronary sulcus contain: A). fat. B). arteries. C). veins. D). all of these E). none of these

D). all of these

The right atrium receives blood from the: A). coronary sinus. B). superior vena cava. C). inferior vena cava. D). all of these E). none of these

D). all of these

The left ventricle pumps blood to the: A). lungs. B). right ventricle. C). right atrium. D). aorta. E). pulmonary circuit.

D). aorta.

The following is a list of vessels and structures that are associated with the heart.1. right atrium2. left atrium3. right ventricle4. left ventricle5. venae cavae6. aorta7. pulmonary trunk8. pulmonary veinsWhat is the correct order for the flow of blood entering from the systemic circulation? A). 1, 2, 7, 8, 3, 4, 6, 5 B). 1, 7, 3, 8, 2, 4, 6, 5 C). 5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6 D). 5, 3, 1, 7, 8, 4, 2, 6 E). 5, 1, 3, 8, 7, 2, 4, 6

C). 5, 1, 3, 7, 8, 2, 4, 6

The AV node delivers the stimulus to the AV bundle, located within the interventricular septum. A). The first part of the statement is true but the second part is false. B). The first part of the statement is false but the second part is true. C). Both parts of the statement are true. D). Both parts of the statement are false.

C). Both parts of the statement are true.

Abnormally slow depolarization of the ventricles would most change the shape of the ________ in an ECG tracing. A). P wave B). T wave C). QRS complex D). P-R interval E). R-T interval

C). QRS complex

The heart is innervated by ________ nerves. A). parasympathetic B). sympathetic C). both parasympathetic and sympathetic D). neither parasympathetic nor sympathetic E). somatomotor

C). both parasympathetic and sympathetic

The cusps (leaflets) of atrioventricular valves attach directly to: A). papillary muscles. B). trabeculae carneae. C). chordae tendineae. D). interatrial septa. E). coronary sulci.

C). chordae tendineae.

The great and middle cardiac veins drain blood into the: A). superior vena cava. B). inferior vena cava. C). coronary sinus. D). coronary sulcus. E). aorta.

C). coronary sinus.

The P wave of the electrocardiogram is a signal from: A). depolarization of the SA node. B). depolarization of the AV node. C). depolarization of the atria. D). repolarization of the atria. E). depolarization of the ventricles.

C). depolarization of the atria.

The visceral pericardium is the same as the: A). mediastinum. B). parietal pericardium. C). epicardium. D). myocardium. E). endocardium.

C). epicardium.

Blood returning to the heart from the pulmonary circuit first enters the: A). right atrium. B). right ventricle. C). left atrium. D). left ventricle. E). conus arteriosus.

C). left atrium.

In the middle of the thoracic cavity is a region occupied by the heart, great vessels, thymus, esophagus, and trachea called the: A). pleural space. B). pericardial space. C). mediastinum. D). cardiac notch. E). ventral cavity.

C). mediastinum.

The volume of blood ejected from each ventricle during a contraction is called the: A). end-diastolic volume. B). end-systolic volume. C). stroke volume. D). cardiac output. E). cardiac reserve.

C). stroke volume.

As a result of the long refractory period in the cardiac action potential, cardiac muscle cannot exhibit: A). tonus. B). treppe. C). tetany D). recruitment. E). fatigue.

C). tetany

Blood is supplied to the myocardium by: A). the coronary sinus. B). contact with blood in the pumping chambers. C). the coronary arteries. D). arteries that branch from the pulmonary arteries. E). none of these

C). the coronary arteries.