Bio 2 exam 1

Speciation occurs rapidly in geologic time

According to the concept of punctuated equilibrium, the "sudden" appearance of a new species in the fossil record means that...?

a mechanism for evolution that was supported by evidence

Charles Darwin was the first person to propose...?

Species X and Y share a greater number of homologies with each other than either does with species Z.

Currently, two extant elephant species (X and Y) are placed in the genus LOXODONTA, and a third species (Z) is placed in the genus ELEPHAS. Thus, which statement is true?

2)a change occurs in the environment. 4)poorly adapted individuals have decreased survivorship. 1) well adapted individuals leave more offspring than do poorly adapted individuals. 3) genetic frequencies within the population change

Given a population that contains genetic variation, what is the correct sequence of the following events, under the influence of natural selection?

Six

How many separate species, both extant and extinct, are depicted in this tree?

Two of the responses above are correct.... (homologous) (examples of convergent evolution) (adaptations to a common environment)

Ichthyosaurs were aquatic dinosaurs. Fossils show us that they had dorsal fins and tails, as do fish, even though their closest relatives were terrestrial reptiles that had neither dorsal fins nor aquatic tails. The dorsal fins and tails of ichthysaurs and fish are...?

1 and 2. Sympatric species and prezygotic isolation.

If pollen grains from ine species are unable to germinate and make pollen tubes on female ovules of the other species, then which of these terms are applicable?

Their genomes should be more similar to each other than are the genomes of the five tree finch species.

If the six ground finch species have evolved most recently, then which of these is the most logical prediction?

They should share fewer homologous structures than two more closely related organisms

If two modern organisms are distantly related in an evolutionary sense, then one should expect that...?

island forms and mainland forms descended from common ancestors

It has been observed that organisms on islands are different from, but closely related to, similar forms found on the nearest continent. This is taken as evidence that...?

An increasing number of viable, fertile hybrids is produced over the course of generations.

The phenomenon of fusion is likely to occur when, after a period of geographic isolation, two populations me again and...?

All variation between individuals is due only to environmental factors.

What condition should completely prevent the occurance of natural selection in a population over time?

gene flow

What does the biological species concept use as the primary criterion for determining species boundaries?

Uniformitarianism

With what other idea of his time was Cuviers theory of catastrophism most in conflict?