BIO 205- TOPIC 1
Which of the following describes how fungi gain energy?
They degrade organic materials.
True or false: Eukaryotic microbes are generally larger than prokaryotic microbes.
True
You are attempting to obtain a pure culture of a member of the Archaea. Which sample site would you choose?
a 95oC hot spring in Wyoming
a large group of photosynthetic eukaryotes that includes the multicellular seaweeds and many single-celled forms.
algae
Life is divided into three domains. What are they?
archaea, bacteria and eukarya
Many bacteria obtain energy in a manner similar to humans. Others are _________, and so use the radiant energy of sunlight to makes cellular material.
autotroph
bacteria that are rod-shaped are termed
bacilli or bacillus
Members of which domain lack a membrane-bound nucleus and possess rigid cell walls that contain peptidoglycan?
bacteria
The domains _____________and ______ are made up of prokaryotes.
bacteria, archaea
The three domains of living organisms are
bacteria, archaea, eukarya
Most bacteria divide by a process called ____________, in which one cell enlarges and then divides.
binary fission
Scientific names are assigned according to the _______ system of nomenclature developed by ______.
binomial; Carl Linnaeus
Peptidoglycan is found in the
cell walls of bacteria
Streptococcus
chains
Staphylococcus
clusters
Bacteria that are sphere-shaped are called
cocci or coccus
Cocci that divide in perpendicular planes form
cubical packets
All living organisms are now classified into three different taxonomic units called
domain
_____ is the domain of organisms whose cells have a nucleus and various organelles.
eukaryotes
Membrane-bound organelles are only found in the cell type called a(n) ______ cell.
eukaryotic
A bacterium that is pleomorphic is one that
exists in different shapes
________ bacteria cause disease.
few
What does the scientific name of an organism include?
genus and species
refers to a multicellular parasite such as a roundworm or tapeworm.
helminth
The microscopic filaments of molds are called
hyphae
Prions are _______ that cause a number of diseases in _______.
infectious proteins; animals
Groups of microbes are often referred to informally by names that resemble genus names but are not
italicized or capitalized
You are reading a newspaper article and you see the name of a bacterium written as: bacillus anthracis. You write to the editor telling them that this is an incorrect scientific notation because the full name should be in __________ or underlined, and there needs to be an upper-case letter __________.
italics/ B
Which of the following is true regarding all prokaryotes?
lack a nucleus
Organisms living today
may be classified in three domains
microscopic fungi that are multicellular and filamentous are termed
molds
Which of the following are microscopic fungi?
molds, yeast
Compared to the range of types of plants and animals, microbes as a group are
more diverse
A mycelium is a(n)
network of hyphae produced by molds
The genetic material in prokaryotic cells is located in a region of the cytoplasm called the
nucleoid
Neisseria
pairs
All of the following are common characteristics of algae EXCEPT
peptidoglycan
Most bacteria have rigid cell walls that contain a unique compound called
peptidoglycan
In addition to chlorophyll, some algae have other_______ which give them their characteristic colors.
pigments or compounds
The dividing bacterial cells can stick to each other. They can form characteristic arrangements such as pairs, chains, or clusters, depending on the
plane of division
Bacteria that characteristically vary in their shape are said to be
pleomorphic
Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. This information indicates that the infectious agent is a(n)
prion
Which of the following are the most resistant to sterilization techniques?
prions
Cells that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus are called
prokaryotic cells
Algae and protozoa are also referred to as __________, a diverse group that falls within the domain Eukarya.
protists
Although archaea and bacteria differ in a number of important characteristics, it was ultimately significant differences in their _______ that provided the basis for separating the two groups of prokaryotes into different domains.
ribosomal RNA sequences
As important decomposers, fungi obtain nutrients by
secreting enzymes to degrade organic material in the environment
In what ways are archaea similar to bacteria?
shapes and sizes method of multiplication energy sources used prokaryotic cell structure
Which of the following are characteristics of protozoa?
single-celled eukaryotes ingest organic materials as food sources
The species names of Escherichia coli and Escherichia vulneris reflect the
site where the organisms may be found
What is the only shared feature of all microbes?
small size
Slight genetic variations among members of the same species are indicated by assigning ___________ designations.
strain
Escherichia coli K12 and Escherichia coli B belong to different
strains
The genus name Escherichia originates from
the name of the scientist
Prions are misfolded proteins that cause
the normal version of the protein to also misfold
True or false: Although the best studied archaea inhabit extreme environments, many others are widely distributed in soils, oceans, marshes and even the intestinal tracts of animals.
true
Protozoa are _______ eukaryotes that _______ a rigid cell wall.
unicellular; lack
you discover an agent that multiplies in plant cells and consists of only a single RNA molecule. It must be a(n)
viroid
obligate intracellular agents
viruses
Which of the following are classified as acellular infectious agents?
viruses viroids prions
Microscopic fungi that are single-celled are called ______,
yeasts
Which of the following are eukaryotes?
Protozoa Algae Helminths Fungi
Which is/are true regarding scientific names?
Genus names are commonly abbreviated. Scientific names are italicized or underlined.
The nucleoid is the
DNA-containing area of a prokaryotic cell
Which of the followings statements about the three domains is true?
Eukarya can be unicellular or multicellular, but archaea and bacteria are unicellular.