BIO 205- TOPIC 1

Which of the following describes how fungi gain energy?

They degrade organic materials.

True or false: Eukaryotic microbes are generally larger than prokaryotic microbes.

True

You are attempting to obtain a pure culture of a member of the Archaea. Which sample site would you choose?

a 95oC hot spring in Wyoming

a large group of photosynthetic eukaryotes that includes the multicellular seaweeds and many single-celled forms.

algae

Life is divided into three domains. What are they?

archaea, bacteria and eukarya

Many bacteria obtain energy in a manner similar to humans. Others are _________, and so use the radiant energy of sunlight to makes cellular material.

autotroph

bacteria that are rod-shaped are termed

bacilli or bacillus

Members of which domain lack a membrane-bound nucleus and possess rigid cell walls that contain peptidoglycan?

bacteria

The domains _____________and ______ are made up of prokaryotes.

bacteria, archaea

The three domains of living organisms are

bacteria, archaea, eukarya

Most bacteria divide by a process called ____________, in which one cell enlarges and then divides.

binary fission

Scientific names are assigned according to the _______ system of nomenclature developed by ______.

binomial; Carl Linnaeus

Peptidoglycan is found in the

cell walls of bacteria

Streptococcus

chains

Staphylococcus

clusters

Bacteria that are sphere-shaped are called

cocci or coccus

Cocci that divide in perpendicular planes form

cubical packets

All living organisms are now classified into three different taxonomic units called

domain

_____ is the domain of organisms whose cells have a nucleus and various organelles.

eukaryotes

Membrane-bound organelles are only found in the cell type called a(n) ______ cell.

eukaryotic

A bacterium that is pleomorphic is one that

exists in different shapes

________ bacteria cause disease.

few

What does the scientific name of an organism include?

genus and species

refers to a multicellular parasite such as a roundworm or tapeworm.

helminth

The microscopic filaments of molds are called

hyphae

Prions are _______ that cause a number of diseases in _______.

infectious proteins; animals

Groups of microbes are often referred to informally by names that resemble genus names but are not

italicized or capitalized

You are reading a newspaper article and you see the name of a bacterium written as: bacillus anthracis. You write to the editor telling them that this is an incorrect scientific notation because the full name should be in __________ or underlined, and there needs to be an upper-case letter __________.

italics/ B

Which of the following is true regarding all prokaryotes?

lack a nucleus

Organisms living today

may be classified in three domains

microscopic fungi that are multicellular and filamentous are termed

molds

Which of the following are microscopic fungi?

molds, yeast

Compared to the range of types of plants and animals, microbes as a group are

more diverse

A mycelium is a(n)

network of hyphae produced by molds

The genetic material in prokaryotic cells is located in a region of the cytoplasm called the

nucleoid

Neisseria

pairs

All of the following are common characteristics of algae EXCEPT

peptidoglycan

Most bacteria have rigid cell walls that contain a unique compound called

peptidoglycan

In addition to chlorophyll, some algae have other_______ which give them their characteristic colors.

pigments or compounds

The dividing bacterial cells can stick to each other. They can form characteristic arrangements such as pairs, chains, or clusters, depending on the

plane of division

Bacteria that characteristically vary in their shape are said to be

pleomorphic

Spongiform encephalopathies are caused by infectious proteins. This information indicates that the infectious agent is a(n)

prion

Which of the following are the most resistant to sterilization techniques?

prions

Cells that do not have a membrane-bound nucleus are called

prokaryotic cells

Algae and protozoa are also referred to as __________, a diverse group that falls within the domain Eukarya.

protists

Although archaea and bacteria differ in a number of important characteristics, it was ultimately significant differences in their _______ that provided the basis for separating the two groups of prokaryotes into different domains.

ribosomal RNA sequences

As important decomposers, fungi obtain nutrients by

secreting enzymes to degrade organic material in the environment

In what ways are archaea similar to bacteria?

shapes and sizes method of multiplication energy sources used prokaryotic cell structure

Which of the following are characteristics of protozoa?

single-celled eukaryotes ingest organic materials as food sources

The species names of Escherichia coli and Escherichia vulneris reflect the

site where the organisms may be found

What is the only shared feature of all microbes?

small size

Slight genetic variations among members of the same species are indicated by assigning ___________ designations.

strain

Escherichia coli K12 and Escherichia coli B belong to different

strains

The genus name Escherichia originates from

the name of the scientist

Prions are misfolded proteins that cause

the normal version of the protein to also misfold

True or false: Although the best studied archaea inhabit extreme environments, many others are widely distributed in soils, oceans, marshes and even the intestinal tracts of animals.

true

Protozoa are _______ eukaryotes that _______ a rigid cell wall.

unicellular; lack

you discover an agent that multiplies in plant cells and consists of only a single RNA molecule. It must be a(n)

viroid

obligate intracellular agents

viruses

Which of the following are classified as acellular infectious agents?

viruses viroids prions

Microscopic fungi that are single-celled are called ______,

yeasts

Which of the following are eukaryotes?

Protozoa Algae Helminths Fungi

Which is/are true regarding scientific names?

Genus names are commonly abbreviated. Scientific names are italicized or underlined.

The nucleoid is the

DNA-containing area of a prokaryotic cell

Which of the followings statements about the three domains is true?

Eukarya can be unicellular or multicellular, but archaea and bacteria are unicellular.