BIO 4 Test

The centromere is a region in which

chromatids of a duplicated chromosome are attached to one another and where the DNA is pinched in a bit.

AB blood type in humans is an example of

codominance

Binary fission uses a spindle (network of microtubules made by centrosomes) for separation of daughter chromosomes, just as in mitosis.

false

Crossing over occurs during anaphase I.

false

DNA is replicated between meiosis I and meiosis II.

false

DNA replication occurs in the last stage of interphase just before mitosis.

false

During prophase II the association between members of a bivalent is disrupted and they separate.

false

Genes on the same chromosome are inherited separately.

false

If DNA is damaged it is ok for the cell to proceed from the S phase to G2 phase of the cell cycle.

false

If a cell contains 12 chromatids at the end of S phase, each of the daughter cells at the end of meiosis II will contain 6 chromosomes.

false

In meiosis the daughter cells are genetically identical.

false

Sex linked disorders affect males and females equally

false

Tetrads are arranged along the equator during metaphase II.

false

The Blending Hypothesis stated that traits mix together like paint and can not be separated. This explains how traits that disappear in one generation can reappear in later ones.

false

The centromere holds the homologous chromosomes together in meiosis II.

false

The haploid (n) number of chromosomes is found in nearly all body cells of humans and most other animals.

false

The microtubule spindle apparatus originates from the plasma membrane.

false

The overall function of meiosis is growth of the overall individual.

false

The replication of DNA and the duplication of genes occurs during mitosis.

false

The replication of DNA occurs twice during meiosis.

false

There is only one division in meiosis.

false

During which phase(s) of mitosis do we find chromosomes composed of two chromatids (duplicated chromosome)?

from G2 of interphase through metaphase

An organism who inherits two identical alleles for a gene is said to be _______ for that gene.

homozygous

Chromosomes are aligned along the cell's equator during

metaphase.

If for each gene there are two alleles but there are more than two possible alleles in the wider population we call this

multiple alleles

Skin color in humans is an example of

polygenic inheritance

Which of the following does not occur during mitosis?

replication of the DNA

Asexual reproduction requires __________ individual(s).

1

If you crossed a true breeding red snap dragon with a true breeding white snap dragon what percent of the offspring would be pink?

100%

Perform a dihybrid cross of the following and then choose the correct phenotypic ratio. Purple flowered tall plants (PPTT) x white flowered dwarf plants (pptt).

1:0:0:0

Both Mr. and Mrs. Smith are carriers for deafness. What are the chances of their offspring being deaf?

25%

oth Mr. and Mrs. Smith are carriers for deafness. What are the chances that their offspring will also be a carrier?

50%

The hybrid offspring of true -breeding parental plants is called the

F1 generation

A particular cell has not replicated its DNA yet. The cell in question is most likely in

G1

What does hh denote?

Homozygous recessive

If for every gene you have two alleles, one you inherited from each parent, which of the following laws explains how sperm and egg carries only one allele for each trait? And that at fertilization each contributes its allele restoring the normal paired allele to the offspring

Law of segregation

How do the daughter cells at the end of mitosis compare with their parent cell when it was in G1 of the cell cycle?

The daughter cells have the same number of chromosomes and the same amount of DNA.

A microtubule organizing center (centrosome) is located at each pole of the dividing cell in both plants and animals.

True

The alternative versions of a gene are called

alleles

Which of the following organisms does not use mitosis to make another cell?

bacterium

In some organisms, mitosis occurs without cytokinesis occurring. This will result in

cells with more than one nucleus

Where do the microtubules of the spindle originate during mitosis in both plant and animal cells?

centrosome

Which of the following is an example of incomplete dominance in humans?

skin color

The genetic material is duplicated during

the S phase.

All of the following occur during mitosis except

the synthesis of DNA.

A 'true-breeding' plant is a variety that when self-fertilized, an offspring is produced that is identical to one another and to the parent.

true

Alignment of the chromosomes during metaphase I leads to variation of genetic material.

true

Another name for a tetrad is a bivalent.

true

Brain cells (neurons) are constantly in G0 phase of interphase. This means that they are not able to regenerate after injury.

true

Cell division in eukaryotes involves separate processes called mitosis and cytokinesis.

true

Contact inhibition stops normal cells from dividing when they come in contact with neighboring cells, but this is not functional in cancer cells.

true

For each characteristic, an organism inherits two alleles, one from each parent.

true

Genetics as well as the environment affect characteristics.

true

Homologue separation occurs during anaphase I of meiosis.

true

In meiosis, chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell by spindle fibers.

true

Meiosis leads to gametogenesis, oogenesis, and spermatogenesis.

true

Spindle fibers connect to the Kinetochore fibers meiosis.

true

The chromosome tetrads are located at the metaphase plate during metaphase I.

true

Viruses and chemical exposure can cause mutations in proto-oncogenes which can lead to cancer.

true

With incomplete dominance the offspring will have an intermediate phenotype.

true