bio 53
Which two environmental changes would cause photosynthesis to slow in the organism?
(2) decrease in dissolved carbon dioxide in environment (4) decrease in light intensity
(Information on the Atlantic Salmon) Which model represents how the cells in the gills of salmon use active transport to maintain homeostasis in salt water?
Diagram that shows ATP being used to transport high to low from intracellular to extracellular, against the concentration gradient.
Is the cell prokaryotic or eukaryotic?
Eukaryotic; it has a nucleus
The researcher claims that extra nitrogen and potassium nutrients in the river disturb homeostasis in the river ecosystem. Which argument uses evidence from the study to support the claim?
Extra nutrients decrease the population of mussels, causing fish, crab, and river otter population to decrease due to having less food to eat.
A scientist conducts research on the relative impacts of a variety of human activities on different groups of animals. The graph compares these impacts. Based on the graph, what can the scientist conclude?
Habitat degradation is the most important factor affecting birds.
What are scientists able to do after conducting a detailed analysis of the information provided by the fossils?
Infer evolutionary relationships among the species
Which conclusion is supported by the evidence from the DNA fingerprint analysis?
Suspect 2 is guilty, and no other suspects were present at the crime scene.
What is the complementary strand for the DNA sequence ACCTACGC?
TGGATGCG
(Students creating a model on algae and testing acetate)
The algae grown in complete darkness dies off because after the acetate was consumed, they were unable to perform photosynthesis without light.
This image shows the amount of biomass in a food chain. What can be inferred about the biomass pyramid?
The amount of energy available decreases as it is transferred to the highest trophic level.
A student conducts an experiment to study the reaction of the enzyme lactase with the substrates sucrose and lactose. Both sucrose and lactose break down in the presence of an enzyme to form glucose. The table shows the experimental results. Which conclusion is supported by the results of the experiment?
The enzyme lactase reacts only with lactose to produce glucose.
What characteristic of the largo type can help identify that the male has a genetic disorder?
The karyotype shows an extra chromosome
Based on the data, what can the researcher conclude about the number of king eider nests?
The number of king eider nests increased in the years in which the population of lemmings increased.
The graph shows the amount of product produced from enzymes. Which conclusion best explains what is occurring at 100 minutes?
The reaction slows as the reactant becomes depleted, leaving mostly the enzyme and products.
Based on the data, the student claims that farming with GM crops is beneficial. Which argument supports the claim?
The yield and profit for farmers increases due to cultivation of GM crops.
Why are the growth models for zooplankton different on each site?
The zooplankton population at Site 2 has less predators than the population at Site 1.
A scientist studying a plant induces a mutation in a gene that determines flower color. The original sequence of the gene is ATGGAAGCA, and the mutated sequence is ATGGAGGCA. Which statement explains what will occur for the trait coded by the gene?
There is no change in the trait as the mutated sequence will code for the same amino acid.
Based on the models, what problem occurs in cancer cell division?
There is uncontrolled division of the cancer cells.
(Sulfur cycle) How does bacteria impact this cycle?
They convert sulfur between a usable and unusable form for plants.
What is the role of bacteria in the nitrogen cycle?
They convert the ammonia to other types of nitrogen compounds
What is the main purpose of DNA replication in a cell?
To supply an identical copy of DNA to a new cell.
The first step in DNA replication is the unwinding of strands, as shown. Why do the strands unwind?
To use each strand as a template for making a new strand
Which statement best describes the result of similar conditions on a human red blood cell?
Water will enter the red blood cell, which will cause the red blood cell to swell and burst since it lacks a cell wall.
(Information on the Atlantic Salmon) Which question can a scientist ask to determine if there is a reduced osmoregulation in the salmon?
What is the ratio of solutes to water being released as urine?
Which trait of the red blood cell allows for increased oxygen transport?
absence of a nucleus
What are likely effects of an increase in the concentration of atmospheric carbon dioxide on both the global climate and carbon cycle?
It would cause an increase in the climate's temperature and an increase in the rate of photosynthesis.
Four genetic counselors review and interpret the information in the pedigree, as shown in the table. Which counselor interprets the pedigree accurately?
counselor 4
Based on the (butterfly) model, what is the likely factor responsible for natural selection?
genetic variation
Which organelles in the macrophage for breaking down harmful materials found in the body?
lysosome
Analyzing which form of data provides the most detailed information for classifying species?
molecular sequences.
Which model illustrates carbon moving between the biosphere and the atmosphere?
picture 3
A student determines that the image shows secondary succession. Which statement best supports the student's conclusion?
there are no lichens present.
A student records observations of an insect, a Venus flytrap plant, and a stone in a notebook. "A Venus flytrap plant has modified leaves that close when an insect lands on them. However, a stone does not change when an insect lands on it." Which difference between living and nonliving things do the observations support?
Living things can actively respond to the environment while nonliving things cannot.
Which 3 characteristics are found only in organisms?
Made of cells, able to metabolize food, and use energy to grow
The model represents cellular respiration. How is matter released as a product of cellular respiration?
Matter is released in the form of carbon dioxide and water.
How is the normal chromosome count created in the zygote?
Meiosis decreases the chromosome number in the gamete to produce a diploid zygote after fertilization.
Sulfur cycle) Which part of the cycle is influenced by humans?
Mineral fertilizers for growing crops.
Which type of cell division takes place to heal the wound, and why?
Mitosis: it produces cells that are like the lost cells at the site of inquiry
A student hypothesizes that if DDT is used for another 10 months, the percent morality of the mosquitoes will increase. Is the hypothesis made by the student supported by the data, and why?
No. The mosquitoes will become more resistant to the DDT, causing the percent mortality to continue to decrease.
Which statement supports the idea that offspring produced through sexual reproduction have a better chance to adapt to changes in the environment?
Offspring produced through sexual reproduction have more genetic variation
How does soil develop on the rocky surface?
Primary species will convert the rocky surface into usable soil
What three steps are part of translation?
Release a protein, binding amino acids together, binding mRNA to the ribosome.
A solution to improve the quality of the river water is using technology to clean the wastewater before it reaches the river. Which addition to the solution addresses the limitation of the technology and protects the biodiversity of the river ecosystem?
Restore the mussel populations at river sites where mussels are missing.
River otters are consumers that can feed on organisms at different trophic levels to obtain energy. Based on the energy pyramid, which statement is true about the percent of energy received by the river otters?
River otters receive 1% of the energy provided by producers when they feed on mussels.
(Information on Atlantic Salmon) Based on the data in the table , what would be the description of the two water environments relative to salmon body fluids?
Sea water: hypertonic; fresh water: hypotonic.
An mRNA sequence for part of a gene is AGC-CUC-UGA. Which tRNA anticodon sequence would match this sequence of mRNA?
AGC-CTC-TGA
Which three activities will result in the formation of ADP?
Active transport of sodium ions, endocytosis of glucose, and exocytosis of solid waste material.
Between which sources is the exchange of carbon in relatively equal amounts?
Atmosphere and surface ocean.
If two people who are carriers for cystic fibrosis want to have a child, what is the probability of their child having cystic fibrosis?
25%
The graph shows the amount of product produced from enzymes. Which time interval best represents the enzyme working as a catalyst?
40-60 minutes
The image illustrates the process of how a stem cell can differentiate. Which statement about the process is correct?
A stem cell can remain as a stem cell or it can differentiate into a new cell
The image shows a virus just before it transfers its genetic material into a host cell. Why does a virus need to transfer its genetic material into a host cell?
A virus reproduces by using the host cell machinery to copy its genetic material.
Based on the experiment, which chemical is the most dangerous, and why?
Chemical D is the most dangerous because it creates a shorter protein sequence.
