Bio exam 3: evolution Ch 10
Where did ancient hominids first evolve from a common ancestor?
Africa
Define theory of evolution
All species present on earth today are descendant of a single common ancestor
____________ can be best defined as similarities that are observed in the skeletal bone structures of different vertebrates
Anatomical homology
What are three scientific theories?
Atomic theory, germ theory of disease and gravitational theory
Evolution can be best defined as:
Change of allele frequencies in a population over time
the Linnaean classification system classifies organisms based on:
Relatedness and understood common ancestry
Define fossils
Remains of living organisms left in soil or rocks
Define Development homology
Similarities in development process from fertilized egg to adulthood
what is common descent?
all life shares a common ancestor
Define biography
distribution pf species on earth
Define fossilization
formation of fossils
define biological population
groups of individuals of the same species
Define hominins
humans and human ancestor
molecular homologies
similarities in dan sequence
Define convergent evolution
similarities in unrelated species with similar lifestyles
define Transformation hypotheses
small changes have occurred after species were created
Are humans distantly related to chimpanzees, where the two of us share a common ancestor?
yes
Define molecular clock
Estimates the rate of change in dan sequence
What is the difference between everyday conversation theory and scientific theory?
Everyday: tentative explanation with little support scientific: Statement providing the current best explanation of how the universe works
True or false; is evolution just a theory
False
who is jean baptiste lamarck
First modern evolutionist
What is the difference between microevolution and microevolution?
Micro: changes that occur within a biological population. Macro: Large-Scale evolutionary changes that result in the origin of a new species
Which of the following mechanisms of evolution holds up when tested in accordance with scientific method?
common descent
Who is credited with bringing evolution to mainstream, modern science?
charles darwin
Did humans evolve from chimpanzees?
no
Define vestigial traits
nonfunctional or greatly reduced traits
Define Static model hypotheses
organisms are unchanging
separate types
plants and animals arose separately
Natural selection
process by which populations adapt to then changing environment
define radioactive dating
ratios of radioactive elements to daughter products are used to estimate age of rock
Define gametophytes
remains of ancestral relationship with ferns