Bio exam 3: evolution Ch 10

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Where did ancient hominids first evolve from a common ancestor?

Africa

Define theory of evolution

All species present on earth today are descendant of a single common ancestor

____________ can be best defined as similarities that are observed in the skeletal bone structures of different vertebrates

Anatomical homology

What are three scientific theories?

Atomic theory, germ theory of disease and gravitational theory

Evolution can be best defined as:

Change of allele frequencies in a population over time

the Linnaean classification system classifies organisms based on:

Relatedness and understood common ancestry

Define fossils

Remains of living organisms left in soil or rocks

Define Development homology

Similarities in development process from fertilized egg to adulthood

what is common descent?

all life shares a common ancestor

Define biography

distribution pf species on earth

Define fossilization

formation of fossils

define biological population

groups of individuals of the same species

Define hominins

humans and human ancestor

molecular homologies

similarities in dan sequence

Define convergent evolution

similarities in unrelated species with similar lifestyles

define Transformation hypotheses

small changes have occurred after species were created

Are humans distantly related to chimpanzees, where the two of us share a common ancestor?

yes

Define molecular clock

Estimates the rate of change in dan sequence

What is the difference between everyday conversation theory and scientific theory?

Everyday: tentative explanation with little support scientific: Statement providing the current best explanation of how the universe works

True or false; is evolution just a theory

False

who is jean baptiste lamarck

First modern evolutionist

What is the difference between microevolution and microevolution?

Micro: changes that occur within a biological population. Macro: Large-Scale evolutionary changes that result in the origin of a new species

Which of the following mechanisms of evolution holds up when tested in accordance with scientific method?

common descent

Who is credited with bringing evolution to mainstream, modern science?

charles darwin

Did humans evolve from chimpanzees?

no

Define vestigial traits

nonfunctional or greatly reduced traits

Define Static model hypotheses

organisms are unchanging

separate types

plants and animals arose separately

Natural selection

process by which populations adapt to then changing environment

define radioactive dating

ratios of radioactive elements to daughter products are used to estimate age of rock

Define gametophytes

remains of ancestral relationship with ferns


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