BIO FINAL PT. 1
In type _____ diabetes, no insulin is produced.
1
This is what the mature follicle becomes after ovulation
corpus luteum
thin filaments in a sarcomere
actin
Dwarfism is sometimes due to a lack of the secretion of growth hormone by the _________.
anterior pituitary gland
In type _____ diabetes, target cells do not respond normally to insulin.
2
Tendons connect __________ to bones and ligaments connect _________ to bones.
muscles, bones
produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone (female gonads)
ovary
sac that hangs below the torso in males
scrotum
fluid of blood
serum
this part of the heart is the pacemaker for heart muscle contractions
sinoatrial node
The site where a neuron communicates with another cell is called the __________.
synapse
lubricant that fills the bursa sac
synovial fluid
The force (pressure) measured during the heart's ventricular contractions
systolic pressure
Product of amino acid metabolism is found in urine
urea
The fertilization of the egg by a sperm produces the __________.
zygote
This structure prevents swallowed material from passing into the larynx
Epiglottis
This is the portion of the neuron that typically receives information
dendrite
In the lungs, oxygen moves from air into blood by ____________.
diffusion
Causes gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, to be exchanged between the tissues and the circulatory system exclusive of the lungs
diffusion along diffusion gradients
Biochemicals released from one cell and transferred via the blood to other (target) cells
endocrine hormones
inner lining of uterus
endometrium
Mature sperm are stored in the _________.
epididymis
lines internal and external surfaces of organs and body
epithelial
The most abundant cell type in blood is the _______.
erythrocyte
What ovarian hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?
estrogen and progesterone
The function of white blood cells
fighting infection
bears cilia that sweep egg into oviduct
fimbria
sac at the end of each bronchiole tube
alveolus
This enzyme is present in saliva and begins the breakdown of starch
amylase
The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is associated with the majority of _________.
gastric ulcers
carries blood away from the heart
arteries
Groups of cells that are specialized to secrete substances outside the cells
glands
Iodine is important in preventing __________.
goiters
This hormone is released in both sexes by the hypothalamus to initiate puberty
gonadotropin-releasing hormone
base of fore brain that acts as the sleep center, the hunger and thirst center, and the temperature-regulating center
hypothalamus
Contains enzymes that dissolve the protective layers around the egg
acrosome
Tissue type that serves as a long-term energy storage depot as well as insulation for animals adapted to cold environments
adipose tissue
on top of kidneys and produce nearly 50 hormones
adrenal glands
small, thin blood vessels that take oxygen out of the blood and puts carbon dioxide back in
capillaries
tissue type that is firm but more flexible than bone
cartilage
Complex motor patterns and the coordination of movements are processed in this part of the brain
cerebellum
Which part of the human brain is the largest in size?
cerebrum
closes off lower end of uterus
cervix
The hard, outer shell of vertebrate bone is _______.
compact bone
Blood is a type of ________ tissue.
connective
tissue type that forms structural support of body
connective
Purpose of the diaphragm
inhalation and exhalation
this organ is located at about waist level
kidneys
The vocal cords are located in the ________.
larynx
In vertebrates, this heart chamber supplies oxygenated blood to the body cells.
left ventricle
Material that holds bones together at joints
ligaments
fibers that make up muscle cells
myofibrils
outer layer of smooth muscle in uterus
myometrium
thick filaments in a sarcomere
myosin
Are designed to conduct electrical impulses
nerve tissue
chemicals released from axon
neurotransmitters
Groups of tissues that function together form a(n) ____________.
organ
A surge in the level of LH indicates that ________ is about to occur.
ovulation
Hormone that stimulates milk letdown in nursing mothers
oxytocin
near stomach and small intestine and produces insulin and glucagon
pancreas
Connects the brain and spinal cord with the digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, and circulatory systems
peripheral nervous system
Has both a digestive and respiratory role
pharynx
This hormone stimulates and prepares the female reproductive tract to nourish a fertilized egg
progesterone
The major function of the large intestine is to __________.
reabsorb water
Causes exhalation
relaxation of the diaphragm
repeated region within a myofibril
sarcomere
location of sperm production
seminiferous tubules
Correct path sperm travel on their way out of the male
seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra (SEVU)
This muscle is under voluntary control
skeletal
Most chemical digestion occurs in the __________.
small intestine
Bone marrow is located in the ________ bone.
spongy
Attatch skeletal muscles to the skeleton
tendons
The interstitial cells of the testes produce _________.
testosterone
The luteinizing hormone produces _________. in males
testosterone
found in neck and controls body metabolism, bone formation, and development
thyroid
In humans, fertilization normally occurs in the _____________.
uterine tube
muscular chamber where fetus develops
uterus
The path sperm travel on their way to fertilize an egg
vagina, cervix, uterus, uterine tube (VCUU)
duct that carries sperm from epididymis
vas deferens
carries blood to the heart
veins
Following ovulation, the levels of LH _____________ dramatically.
decrease
Insulin ________ blood glucose, whereas glucagon ________ blood glucose.
decreases, increases
An example of an organ is ____________.
the skin
