BIO FINAL PT. 1

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In type _____ diabetes, no insulin is produced.

1

This is what the mature follicle becomes after ovulation

corpus luteum

thin filaments in a sarcomere

actin

Dwarfism is sometimes due to a lack of the secretion of growth hormone by the _________.

anterior pituitary gland

In type _____ diabetes, target cells do not respond normally to insulin.

2

Tendons connect __________ to bones and ligaments connect _________ to bones.

muscles, bones

produces eggs, estrogen, and progesterone (female gonads)

ovary

sac that hangs below the torso in males

scrotum

fluid of blood

serum

this part of the heart is the pacemaker for heart muscle contractions

sinoatrial node

The site where a neuron communicates with another cell is called the __________.

synapse

lubricant that fills the bursa sac

synovial fluid

The force (pressure) measured during the heart's ventricular contractions

systolic pressure

Product of amino acid metabolism is found in urine

urea

The fertilization of the egg by a sperm produces the __________.

zygote

This structure prevents swallowed material from passing into the larynx

Epiglottis

This is the portion of the neuron that typically receives information

dendrite

In the lungs, oxygen moves from air into blood by ____________.

diffusion

Causes gases, such as oxygen and carbon dioxide, to be exchanged between the tissues and the circulatory system exclusive of the lungs

diffusion along diffusion gradients

Biochemicals released from one cell and transferred via the blood to other (target) cells

endocrine hormones

inner lining of uterus

endometrium

Mature sperm are stored in the _________.

epididymis

lines internal and external surfaces of organs and body

epithelial

The most abundant cell type in blood is the _______.

erythrocyte

What ovarian hormones are involved in the menstrual cycle?

estrogen and progesterone

The function of white blood cells

fighting infection

bears cilia that sweep egg into oviduct

fimbria

sac at the end of each bronchiole tube

alveolus

This enzyme is present in saliva and begins the breakdown of starch

amylase

The bacterium Helicobacter pylori is associated with the majority of _________.

gastric ulcers

carries blood away from the heart

arteries

Groups of cells that are specialized to secrete substances outside the cells

glands

Iodine is important in preventing __________.

goiters

This hormone is released in both sexes by the hypothalamus to initiate puberty

gonadotropin-releasing hormone

base of fore brain that acts as the sleep center, the hunger and thirst center, and the temperature-regulating center

hypothalamus

Contains enzymes that dissolve the protective layers around the egg

acrosome

Tissue type that serves as a long-term energy storage depot as well as insulation for animals adapted to cold environments

adipose tissue

on top of kidneys and produce nearly 50 hormones

adrenal glands

small, thin blood vessels that take oxygen out of the blood and puts carbon dioxide back in

capillaries

tissue type that is firm but more flexible than bone

cartilage

Complex motor patterns and the coordination of movements are processed in this part of the brain

cerebellum

Which part of the human brain is the largest in size?

cerebrum

closes off lower end of uterus

cervix

The hard, outer shell of vertebrate bone is _______.

compact bone

Blood is a type of ________ tissue.

connective

tissue type that forms structural support of body

connective

Purpose of the diaphragm

inhalation and exhalation

this organ is located at about waist level

kidneys

The vocal cords are located in the ________.

larynx

In vertebrates, this heart chamber supplies oxygenated blood to the body cells.

left ventricle

Material that holds bones together at joints

ligaments

fibers that make up muscle cells

myofibrils

outer layer of smooth muscle in uterus

myometrium

thick filaments in a sarcomere

myosin

Are designed to conduct electrical impulses

nerve tissue

chemicals released from axon

neurotransmitters

Groups of tissues that function together form a(n) ____________.

organ

A surge in the level of LH indicates that ________ is about to occur.

ovulation

Hormone that stimulates milk letdown in nursing mothers

oxytocin

near stomach and small intestine and produces insulin and glucagon

pancreas

Connects the brain and spinal cord with the digestive, respiratory, urinary, reproductive, and circulatory systems

peripheral nervous system

Has both a digestive and respiratory role

pharynx

This hormone stimulates and prepares the female reproductive tract to nourish a fertilized egg

progesterone

The major function of the large intestine is to __________.

reabsorb water

Causes exhalation

relaxation of the diaphragm

repeated region within a myofibril

sarcomere

location of sperm production

seminiferous tubules

Correct path sperm travel on their way out of the male

seminiferous tubules, epididymis, vas deferens, urethra (SEVU)

This muscle is under voluntary control

skeletal

Most chemical digestion occurs in the __________.

small intestine

Bone marrow is located in the ________ bone.

spongy

Attatch skeletal muscles to the skeleton

tendons

The interstitial cells of the testes produce _________.

testosterone

The luteinizing hormone produces _________. in males

testosterone

found in neck and controls body metabolism, bone formation, and development

thyroid

In humans, fertilization normally occurs in the _____________.

uterine tube

muscular chamber where fetus develops

uterus

The path sperm travel on their way to fertilize an egg

vagina, cervix, uterus, uterine tube (VCUU)

duct that carries sperm from epididymis

vas deferens

carries blood to the heart

veins

Following ovulation, the levels of LH _____________ dramatically.

decrease

Insulin ________ blood glucose, whereas glucagon ________ blood glucose.

decreases, increases

An example of an organ is ____________.

the skin


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