Bio Final Review 101-200

152. Chemoautotrophs oxidize which of the following to obtain the energy necessary to reduce carbon dioxide to an organic compound? hydrogen gas hydrogen sulfide ammonia nitrites All of the above.

All of the above.

153. Halophiles -require a high salt environment. -increase the chloride level within their cells. -may be chemoheterotrophs or photosynthetic. -use bacteriorhodopsin to capture solar energy. -All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

195. Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis, which reproduces asexually through the production of zoospores, recently destroyed populations of harlequin frogs in Central and South America. It is a member of which phylum of fungi? Zygomycota Chytridiomycota Basidiomycota Glomeromycota

Chytridiomycota

191. A common cause of amoebic dysentery is Trichomonas vaginalis. Entamoeba histolytica. Plasmodium falciparum. Giardia intestinalis.

Entamoeba histolytica

114. Which kingdom is correctly described? Plants: multicellular and photosynthetic Fungi: unicellular and photosynthetic Animals: multicellular and saprotrophic Protists: unicellular and heterotrophic only

Plants: multicellular and photosynthetic

173. This name of the filamentous algae pictured here, belonging to the supergroup Archaeplastida, is (PICTURE) Ulva Plasmodium. Chlamydomonas. Spirogyra. Volvox.

Spirogyra

175. DNA sequencing suggests that among the green algae, the _____ are most closely related to land plants. Volvox Spirogyra Stoneworts Ulva Chlamydomonas

Stoneworts

134. Which statement is NOT true about retroviruses? -HIV is a retrovirus. -They contain an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. -They incorporate themselves into the host cell genome, but replicate independently of the host DNA. -cDNA is used as a template to transcribe double-stranded DNA.

They incorporate themselves into the host cell genome, but replicate independently of the host DNA.

183. A flagellated protist that is sexually transmitted is Plasmodium. Giardia. Entamoeba. Trichomonas. Paramecium.

Trichomonas

123. Which of the following lists best describes the features used to classify an organism as a member of domain Bacteria? -Unicellular, lacking a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles, contains ribosomes but lacks introns -Unicellular, contains a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles, contains ribosomes but lacks introns -Unicellular, lacks a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles, contains introns but lacks ribosomes -Multicellular, lacks a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles, contains introns but lacks ribosomes

Unicellular, lacking a nuclear envelope and membrane-bound organelles, contains ribosomes but lacks introns

119. Which of the following lists of features exemplifies the domain Archaea? -Unicellular, varying branched lipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope, and contain some introns -Multicellular, varying branched lipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope, and contain some introns -Unicellular, unbranched phospholipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope, and contain some introns -Unicellular, varying branched lipids in their cell membrane, nuclear envelope, and contain some introns

Unicellular, varying branched lipids in their cell membrane, no nuclear envelope, and contain some introns

108. The evolution of organisms in the three domains and four kingdoms is most accurately described by which sequence? -Prokaryotes to Protists to Plants, from Plants separately to both Animals and Fungi -Prokaryotes to Fungi to Protists to Plants to Animals -Prokaryotes to Protists, from Protists separately to Fungi, Plants, and Animals -Protists to Prokaryotes to Fungi, from Fungi separately to Plants and Animals -Prokaryotes to Protists, separately to Animals and Plants with Fungi a loss of plant photosynthesis

Prokaryotes to Protists, from Protists separately to Fungi, Plants, and Animals

161. You are analyzing some material gathered from a bacterial cell. You find it tests positive for both polysaccharides and amino acids. What part of the bacterial cell did this sample come from? cell wall S-layer glycocalyx nucleoid

cell wall

180. The opisthokonts include all of the following organisms EXCEPT animals. plants. fungi. choanoflagellates.

plants

156. Which enzyme enables a retrovirus to convert its RNA genome into DNA? DNA helicase reverse transcriptase DNA ligase reverse helicase

reverse transcriptase

104. The use of a molecular clock may be used to indicate relatedness and evolutionary time -if nucleic acid changes are neutral and not tied to adaptation. -if nucleic acid changes occur at a fairly constant rate. -but is more strongly supported when it can be compared with the fossil record. -All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

111. Taxonomy -is the branch of biology dealing with the naming, identification, and classification of organisms. -uses a binomial system developed by Linnaeus. -uses reproductive isolation as the basis of definition of a species. -All of the choices are correct.

All of the choices are correct.

188. If a public health official was trying to reduce the potential for human exposure to a "red tide," which of the following actions would they take? -place a ban on eating shellfish that were exposed to the dinoflagellate Alexandrium catanella -decrease the amount of nutrients that are washed into the aquatic ecosystem -ban swimming and other recreational activities in the area -All of these actions would help reduce the potential for human exposure to a "red tide."

All of these actions would help reduce the potential for human exposure to a "red tide."

165. Which of the characteristic(s) apply to the supergroup Archaeplastida? -They contain plastids that originated from endosymbiotic cyanobacteria. -They include multicellular and unicellular organisms. -They include land plants and the green algae, Chlorophyta. -They include organisms with plastids. -All of these apply.

All of these apply.

186. Slime molds were once classified as fungi. What characteristics of the slime molds distinguish them from fungi? -Slime molds lack cell walls. -They are flagellated cells at certain stages of the life cycle. -The vegetative state of the slime mold is mobile and amoeboid. -All of these characteristics distinguish slime molds from fungi.

All of these characteristics distinguish slime molds from fungi.

190. Imagine you are working for the Florida Public Health Department and you have been assigned the task of preventing malaria from spreading throughout the southern Everglades. Which of the following scenarios would have a chance of success? -spraying the edges of the Everglades with a pesticide that will kill mosquitos -developing a vaccination that would prevent the ability of the merozoites to reproduce within the host's bloodstream -devising an insect repellant that would prevent the Anopheles mosquito from biting a human host -All of these scenarios would have a chance of success in preventing malaria from spreading throughout the southern Everglades.

All of these scenarios would have a chance of success in preventing malaria from spreading throughout the southern Everglades.

116. Which of the following scientific names includes an eponym? Abies grandis Zeus olympius Allium hendersonii Aconitum columbianum

Allium hendersonii

105. Which of the following statements about taxonomy is NOT true? -In cladistics, a common ancestor and all its descendents that share one or more derived traits are placed in a single clade. -Analogous structures are derived from a common ancestral structure to perform the same function. -Biochemical data and the fossil record can be used to indicate the length of time since two species diverged from a common ancestor. -Homologous structures are derived from a single structure in the ancestor, although they may be adapted to different uses in the descendent species.

Analogous structures are derived from a common ancestral structure to perform the same function.

139. What are the two prokaryotic domains? Archaea & Bacteria Eukarya & Bacteria Archaea & Eukarya Protista & Archaea

Archaea & Bacteria

106. Which of the following domains include the majority of the organisms that were previously classified in kingdom Monera? Bacteria and Eubacteria Protista and Eukarya Archaea and Algae Eukarya and Bacteria Archaea and Bacteria

Archaea and Bacteria

121. Which domains replaced kingdom Monera? Archaea and Bacteria Protista and Archaea Bacteria and Eukarya Archaea and Eukarya

Archaea and Bacteria

135. Some enveloped animal viruses enters a host cell by -injecting their DNA or RNA into the host cell. -fusion of their envelope with the host cell's plasma envelope. -endocytosis. -All of the above. -Both B and C.

Both B and C.

149. Prokaryotes that require high salt concentrations would be classified as Multiple Choice archaeans. bacteria. cyanobacteria. viruses. thermoacidophiles.

archaeans

136. What is the correct sequence of events in viral reproduction? penetration, attachment, integration, biosynthesis, maturation, release endocytosis, uncoating, maturation, and release attachment, fusion, biosynthesis, maturation, and release attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation and release

attachment, penetration, biosynthesis, maturation and release

115. If you were using cladistics to construct a phylogenetic tree of birds, what is the best outgroup? eagles robins bats eastern bluebirds

bats

124. Which of these is the best description of a virus? -a noncellular living organism -the smallest bacteria known -a member of the kingdom Virusae -an invasive cell -chemical complexes of RNA or DNA protected by a protein shell

chemical complexes of RNA or DNA protected by a protein shell

127. The innermost portion of a virus's structure is made up of a membranous envelope. either DNA or RNA. both DNA and RNA. a protein capsid. microtubules.

either DNA or RNA.

146. When conditions are unfavorable, some bacteria form pili. endospores. galls. capsules. thylakoids.

endospores.

159. Short, bristlelike fibers extending from the surface of a prokaryote are known as flagella. cilia. fimbriae. villi.

fimbriae

164. The most widely accepted formal classification of protists assigns them to the kingdom Protista. five different supergroups. domain Archaea. domain Eubacteria

five different supergroups

179. The deposits of chalky fossils that built the White Cliffs of Dover were formed by amoebozoans. foraminiferans. ciliates. diatoms. dinoflagellates.

foraminiferans

118. The scientific name of the family dog is Canis familiaris. Canis represents the species' genus name. species name. phylum name. kingdom.

genus name.

166. Which disease is incorrectly matched with the causative agent? fish kills—dinoflagellate fish ick—a ciliate malaria—an amoebozoan African sleeping sickness—a trypanosome

malaria—an amoebozoan

160. You recently discovered a new photosynthetic bacterial cell. Based on your knowledge of prokaryotes, what else should be present in the cell? mitochondria chloroplasts many infolds of the plasma membrane additional plasmids viral DNA

many infolds of the plasma membrane

170. Which organelles serve as the energy centers for most protists? mitochondria and plastids chloroplasts and Golgi bodies mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum mitochondria and nucleus

mitochondria and plastids

181. Which definition would best describe the mode of nutrition of Euglena? carnivorous decomposer heterotrophic photoautotrophic mixotrophic

mixotrophic

193. In Plasmodium, sexual reproduction occurs in the _____, while asexual reproduction occurs in _____. mosquito; humans humans; mosquitoes tsetse fly; humans deer tick; deer

mosquito; humans

169. Which is NOT a feature found in protozoans? heterotrophic multicellular usually motile eukaryotic

multicellular

185. Which of the following organisms belong to the supergroup Amoebozoa? amoeboids and euglenoids plasmodial and water molds plasmodial and cellular slime molds cellular slime molds and radiolarians choanoflagellates and diplomonads

plasmodial and cellular slime molds

125. Pasteur chose the Latin root word for "virus" meaning extremely small. non-living. poison. contagious. particle.

poison

187. The endosymbiont hypothesis proposes all of the following EXCEPT -mitochondria and chloroplasts were once free-living bacteria. -a nucleated cell engulfed an aerobic —bacterium which evolved into mitochondria. -prokaryotes evolved when an aerobic bacterium engulfed a cyanobacterium. -chloroplasts originated when a nucleated cell engulfed a cyanobacterium

prokaryotes evolved when an aerobic bacterium engulfed a cyanobacterium.

176. The members of the supergroup Archaeplastida that have cell walls impregnated with calcium carbonate and help build coral reefs are the diatoms. dinoflagellates. multicellular green algae. brown algae. red algae.

red algae

101. Hair is a character shared by all mammals, but not found in their ancestral lineage. Hair is therefore considered to be a(n) clade. shared ancestral character (trait). shared derived character (trait). analogous structure.

shared derived character (trait).

197. Which of the following spores is the result of asexual reproduction? sporangiospores zygospores ascospores basidiospores

sporangiospores

171. Which of the following protists is incorrectly matched with its form of locomotion? amoeboids—pseudopodia ciliates—cilia zooflagellates—flagella sporozoan—pellicle

sporozoan—pellicle

199. Fungal diseases include all of the following EXCEPT oral thrush. strep throat (pharyngitis). athlete's foot. ringworm.

strep throat (pharyngitis).

178. Which feature has to be present in a protist in order to classify it as a photoautotroph? the presence of mitochondria within the cell the ability to synthesize organic compounds the presence of a light-trapping pigment the presence of cellulose in the cell wall the ability to synthesize inorganic compounds

the presence of a light-trapping pigment

107. Which of the following best represents analogous structures? the arm of a human and the wing of a bat the arm of a human and the leg of a human the wing of a butterfly and the wing of a bee the wing of a bat and the wing of a butterfly

the wing of a bat and the wing of a butterfly

138. Viruses are categorized according to all of the following EXCEPT size and shape. their type of nucleic acid. the presence or absence of an envelope. their method of reproduction, whether asexual or sexual.

their method of reproduction, whether asexual or sexual.

110. A recent book by a reputable biologist suggests there is a deep, hot, acidic biosphere under the Earth's crust that may have more biomass than all life at the Earth's surface. What type of organisms would most likely be found in this deep biosphere? primitive animals primitive heat-loving plants fungi living on the detritus from above thermoacidophilic archaea viruses

thermoacidophilic archaea

151. Which of the following is a mismatch? -thermophiles - live in extremely cold -temperatures -methanogens - prefer anaerobic environments -halophiles - live in high salt environments -thermoacidophiles - live in high temperatures and acidic environments

thermophiles - live in extremely cold temperatures

150. All of the following are true of methanogens EXCEPT they produce methane from CO2 and H2. they live in the intestinal tracts of cows, humans, and termites. they live in swamps and marshes. their biogas may contribute to global warming. they require hot, acidic environments for methanogenesis.

they require hot, acidic environments for methanogenesis.

143. Bacteriophages carry portions of bacterial DNA from one cell to another in a process called transformation. transduction. conjugation. infection. replication.

transduction.

142. Bacterial cells pick up free pieces of DNA that were secreted by live bacteria or released from dead bacteria in their environment. This process is called transformation. transduction. conjugation. infection. replication.

transformation.

158. Identify the correct sequence of events that occur during the reproduction of HIV. -virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - reverse transcriptase occurs - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cell -virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - reverse transcriptase occurs - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cell -virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - reverse transcriptase occurs - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - mature viruses leave the host cell -virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - reverse transcriptase occurs - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cell

virus attaches to a host cell - the virus enters the cell - reverse transcriptase occurs - viral DNA is incorporated into the host DNA - viral / host DNA is turned into a viral mRNA code - the viral RNA forms into a mature virus - mature viruses leave the host cell

126. Ivanowsky first recognized that something smaller than a bacterium, called a filterable virus, was able to cause disease in the year 1965. 2001. 1892. 1700. 1650.

1892

130. Some, but not all, virus capsids are surrounded by a membranous envelope. both DNA and RNA. either DNA or RNA. a protein capsid. a protein spore coat

a membranous envelope.

163. In your analysis of a newly discovered bacterial species, you find the bacteria reduce carbon dioxide to organic compounds but do not produce oxygen. The nutritional mode of this new bacterial species is most likely oxygenic photoautotroph. anoxygenic chemoautotroph. anoxygenic photoautotroph. oxygenic chemoautotoph. anoxygenic chemoheterotoph.

anoxygenic photoautotroph

133. The cycle of viral infection in which the viral DNA is integrated into the host's DNA is called the _____ cycle. lysogenic lysozyme lytic lysol lysosome

lysogenic

155. Study the life cycle diagram. Label B is the _____ life cycle. (PICTURE) lysogenic sexual lytic alternation of generations

lysogenic

132. The cycle of viral infection that will rapidly result in the death of a bacterial cell is called the _____ cycle. lysogenic lysozyme lytic lysol lysosome

lytic

154. Study the life cycle diagram. Label A is the _____ life cycle. (PICTURE) lysogenic sexual lytic alternation of generations

lytic

145. Prokaryotes generally range in size from 10-400 nm. 20-300 mm. 10-100 µm. 1-10 µm. 50-100 nm.

1-10 µm.

167. _____ is a mixotrophic protozoan that is able to combine autotrophic and heterotrophic nutritional modes. Euglena Plasmodium Amoeba Giardia

Euglena

113. Single-celled eukaryotic cells belong to which of the following domains? Eukarya Fungi Animalia Plantae

Eukarya

120. A multicellular organism with no cell wall would belong to which domain? Eukarya Monera Bacteria Archaea

Eukarya

184. Which description best supports the endosymbiotic theory of organelles? -Eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and plastids by engulfing free-living bacteria and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. Mitochondria were derived from anaerobic bacterium while chloroplasts were derived from aerobic bacterium. -Eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and plastids by engulfing free-living bacteria and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. Mitochondria were derived from aerobic bacterium while chloroplasts were derived from cyanobacterium. -Eukaryotic cells acquired nuclei and flagella by engulfing free-living bacteria and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. Nuclei were derived from aerobic bacterium while flagella were derived from motile bacteria. -Eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and flagella by engulfing free-living bacteria and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. Mitochondria were derived from aerobic bacterium while flagella were derived from motile bacteria.

Eukaryotic cells acquired mitochondria and plastids by engulfing free-living bacteria and developed a symbiotic relationship with them. Mitochondria were derived from aerobic bacterium while chloroplasts were derived from cyanobacterium.

189. Which of the following protozoans is mismatched with the disease that it causes? Trypanosoma brucei—sleeping sickness Trichomonas vaginalis—vaginitis and urethritis Entamoeba histolytica—amoebic dysentery Giardia lamblia—malaria

Giardia lamblia—malaria

162. In your analysis of a new bacterial species, you gram stained the bacteria and observed them under the microscope. The bacteria appear to have a round shape and a pink color. Based on this information, you would classify these bacteria as Gram-negative bacilli. Gram-positive spirilla. Gram-negative cocci. Gram-positive bacilli. Gram-positive cocci.

Gram-negative cocci.

137. All of the following are true about HIV EXCEPT -HIV carries RNA as its genetic material. -HIV contains an enzyme called reverse transcriptase. -HIV must reproduce immediately upon entering a host cell because it cannot survive a latent period. -cDNA precedes double-stranded DNA.

HIV must reproduce immediately upon entering a host cell because it cannot survive a latent period.

140. Which description best describes the cell wall of a Gram-positive bacteria? -It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of peptidoglycan. -It is composed of a double layer in the plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of peptidoglycan. -It is composed of a thick inner layer of peptidoglycan and a double layer of plasma membrane on the outside. -It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan. -It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thin outer layer of cellulose.

It is composed of a single plasma membrane and a thick outer layer of peptidoglycan. Correct

109. When comparing archaea with bacteria, -both archaea and bacteria are easily cultured and studied in the laboratory. -the chemical nature of the cell wall of archaea and bacteria is identical and shows their early relationship. -bacteria are not very diverse and are limited in distribution, while archaea are far more diverse and found everywhere. -the archaea and bacteria are both derived from early eukarya. -None of the choices are true.

None of the choices are true.

128. Influenza strains that sweep around the world often carry names such as H5N1 or H2N2. If they are both flu viruses, why do they differ in their H and N numbers? -The H and N numbers indicate the geographical region in which the virus was discovered. -The H and N numbers indicate the order in which the virus was discovered. -The H and N numbers indicate the toxicity of the virus to humans and nonhumans. -The H and N numbers indicate the type of glycoprotein spikes found in the viral envelope.

The H and N numbers indicate the type of glycoprotein spikes found in the viral

200. In differentiating fungi from plants and animals, which of the following statements is NOT true? -Animals are heterotrophic by ingestion while fungi are heterotrophic by absorption. -Plants have cell walls of cellulose; fungi have cell walls of chitin. -The energy reserve of fungi is starch while the energy reserve of animals is glycogen. -Fungal spores develop into haploid hyphae; in animals, haploid gametes combine to form a diploid organism.

The energy reserve of fungi is starch while the energy reserve of animals is glycogen.

147. Which group of Archaea are chemoautotrophic anaerobes that use hydrogen as an electron donor and sulfur compounds as terminal electron acceptors? Halophiles Methanogens Thermoacidophiles Cyanobacteria

Thermoacidophiles

196. Which of the following does NOT describe phylum Ascomycota? -They are limited to only asexual reproduction. -They use conidiospores during reproduction. -Morel mushrooms are members of this phylum. -The fruiting body is known as an ascocarp.

They are limited to only asexual reproduction

157. Which of the following characteristics about saprotrophs is NOT true? -They are viruses that infect plant and fungal cells. -They are bacteria that decompose large organic molecules. -Saprotrophs are also called decomposers. -They are ecologically important in recycling matter.

They are viruses that infect plant and fungal cells.

144. Which statement is true about prokaryotes? They contain a nucleus. They lack ribosomes. They usually lack a cell wall. They do not divide by mitosis. They contain a long, linear strand of DNA as the genetic material.

They do not divide by mitosis.

103. The amino acid sequences in cytochrome c were determined for chickens, ducks, and humans. Scientists found a difference of 3 amino acids between chickens and ducks, and 13 differences between chickens and humans. Based on this information, one can conclude that -chickens are as closely related to humans as they are to ducks. -chickens are more closely related to ducks than they are to humans. -ducks are more closely related to humans than they are to chickens. -chickens are more closely related to humans than they are ducks.

chickens are more closely related to ducks than they are to humans.

198. Which of the following structures are NOT involved in sexual reproduction? mushrooms ascocarps conidia gametangia

conidia

141. All of the following are means of genetic recombination in prokaryotes EXCEPT conjugation. transformation. transduction. crossing over.

crossing over.

194. Which of the following fungi/phylum associations is incorrect? button mushrooms / Basidiomycota morel mushroom / Ascomycota Chytriomyces / Chytridiomycota black bread mold / Zygomycota cup fungus / Glomeromycota

cup fungus / Glomeromycota

168. Which protistan structure is NOT correctly matched with its function? pseudopodia—movement and feeding cyst—a reproductive structure trichocyst—defense and capture of prey pyrenoid—synthesis of starch

cyst—a reproductive structure

122. Which type of trait is more valuable in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms? -derived -ancestral -Both traits are equally valuable in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms. -Neither trait is useful in determining the evolutionary relationship between two organisms.

derived

177. Red tides" are produced by massive blooms of green algae. dinoflagellates. ciliates. amoebozoans. apicomplexans.

dinoflagellates

182. Which of the following organisms belong to the supergroup Excavata? -euglenids, amoeboids, and cellular slime molds -diplomonads, euglenids, and parabasalids -diplomonads, euglenids, and diatoms -foraminiferans, radiolarians, and fungi

diplomonads, euglenids, and parabasalids

117. What is the correct order of the Linnaean system of classification, starting with the most general category? domain, kingdom, phylum, class domain, phylum, class, kingdom kingdom, class, phylum, species genus, order, class, phylum

domain, kingdom, phylum, class

131. In order to infect a cell, a virus must -inject its protein into the cell while the nucleic acid remains attached to the host cell surface. -have a special protein on its surface that can interact with a protein on the surface of the host cell. -actively burrow through the cell wall or cell membrane of the host cell to reach the cell's nucleus. -produce a special extension of its cytoplasm when it comes into contact with the appropriate host cell.

have a special protein on its surface that can interact with a protein on the surface of the host cell.

102. A study of echinoderm embryos, such as sea stars, confirms a similar developmental pattern to that of vertebrates. In both, the blastopore becomes the anus. This would be considered behavioral data. convergent evolution. analogy. homology. synapomorphy.

homology

192. Amoebic dysentery is transmitted by (through) the bite of a mosquito. the bite of a tsetse fly. having sex with an infected partner. ingesting contaminated water or food.

ingesting contaminated water or food.

172. Protist reproduction is only asexual by binary fission. is only sexual by mitosis. is most commonly asexual by mitosis. is most commonly sexual by meiosis.

is most commonly asexual by mitosis.

129. If a virus is latent, it cannot be a retrovirus. is not actively replicating. has not entered a lysogenic cycle. is gaining a new envelope via "budding." is easy to develop immunity against it.

is not actively replicating.

112. All of the following are true regarding systematics EXCEPT that it -is the study of the diversity of organisms at all levels of organization. -is the specific study of identification, naming, and classification of organisms. -relies on data from the fossil record, homology, and molecular data. -utilizes protein, DNA, and RNA comparisons to determine relatedness of individuals.

is the specific study of identification, naming, and classification of organisms.