Bio notecards (3)

diploblastic, triplobalstic

two types of germ layer classifications

cellular matrix

animal cells have an extra ___ ____

cell walls

animal cells lack ___ ____

Proterozoic

animals arose at the end of the _____ era around 590 MYA

bilateral symmetry

(symmetry type) body divided along one vertical plane at midline; produces two halves

radial symmetry

(symmetry type) body divided equally by any long; tudinal plane passing through central axis

asymmetry

(symmetry type) no symmetry; sponges

produce

Heterotrophs can not ____ their own food

determinate

if you remove a blastomere, no viable embryos form in ____ development

tissue, communication

junctional complexes maintain ____ structure and allows for cell _____

ectoderm

(germ layer); covers the surface of embryo, form epidermis and nervous system

mesoderm

(germ layer); forms b/w ecto and endoderm. muscles and other organs

endoderm

(germ layer); lines archenteron (primitive gut)

environment, hox, evolutionary

after the cambrian explosion new phyla appeared because of the wet/warm ____, the ____ gene, and the _____ arms race

move, cephalization

animals bilateral symmetry is correlated with the ability to ___ through the environment, and ____ (location of sensory structure in anterior end

predators, food

animals need movement to get ___ and avoid ____

triploblastic

bilateria: ectoderm, endoderm, mesoderm. 3 germ layers

deuterostomia

clade of bilateral organisms; phyla echinoderms and chordates, bilaterally symmetrical; anus derived from blastopore

ecdysozoa

clade of bilateral organisms; phyla- Nematoda and anthropoda, secrete nonliving cuticle (exoskeleton)

coelomate

coelom; coelom cushions internal organs; internal organs move and grow independently of outer body wall, simple circulatory system ex) earth worms, mollusks

coelom

fluid filled space, mesoderm line cavity b/w surface and gut

lophophore

horseshoe-shaped crown of tentacles used for feeding

indeterminate

if you remove a blastomere, normal embryos form in ___ development

ecdysis

molting; when an animal breaks out of exoskeleton and secretes a new one as it grows

nervous, muscles

movement is possible only when you have ___ tissue and ____.

acoelomate

no coelom; region between gut and body wall contains mesenchyme ex) flat worms

morphological

now, ____ and developmental features are used to classify animals

porifera, tissues, cells

parazoa tissue is found in the phylum ____: sponges. no specialized ___ but specialized ____. move around and change shape

determinate, spiral

protostomes are characterized by ___ development and ___ cleavage

Eumetazoa

the ___ tissue are found in all the remaining animal phyla

invertebrates

the first animals were ____

tissues, symmetry, embryonic

the presence/absence of different ____, body ____, and specific features of ____ development, are all used in the new classification of animals

body

the traditional classification was based on ___ plans

parazoa, eumetazoa

the two types of tissues are...

protostomes, deuterostomes

what are the 2 embryonic developments

multicellular, heterotrophs, movement, reproduction

what are the four characteristics of animals

embryoinic

what development is it when the endoderm invaginate during gastrulation ?

deuterostomes

when the blastopore becomes the anus

protostomes

when the blastopore becomes the mouth

segmentation

when the body is divided into segments; allows for specialization of body regions repetition of body parts

blastopore

when the development is an opening into the archenteron

archenteron

when the development leads to the formation of the primitive gut

lophotrochozoa

clade of bilateral organisms; phyla annelida, mollusca, pllatyhelminthes, rotifera

pseudocoelomate

pseudocoelom; body cavity not completely lined by mesoderm ex) rotifers and round worms

genetic sequence

___ ___ is easier to quantify and compare while morphological data is more subjective

body symmetry

___ ___ is the balanced proportions of body on either side of a median plane

radial

___ cleavage is blastomeres form tiers of cells, one directly above the other

spiral

___ cleavage is newly formed cells lie b/w underlying cells

movement

___ is unique to animals

trochophore

____ larva is larva with cilia around middle for swimming

fibers

____ provides structural support in animal cells

cambrian

after the ____ explosion, a large amount of phyla appeared

bilateral

most animals fall in which symmetry category

acoelomate, pseudocoelomate, coelomate

the 3 types of coeloms are...

ecdysozoa, locotrophozoa, deuterostomia

3 clades of bilateral organisms are...

choanoflagellate

_______ are flagellated protist; closest living animal relative, single cell, form colonies, metazoans

indeterminate, radial

deuterostomes are characterized by ____ development and ___ cleavage

Germ layers

endoderm, ectoderm, and mesoderm are all ___ ____

indeterminate

fate of blastomere determined later in development is ____ development

determinate

fate of each blastomere determined early in development is _____ development.

clevage, gastrula

fertilization-zygote-_______-blastula-______

snidaria, ctenophora, radiata

radial symmetry is common in which 3 phyla

tubular

radial symmetry is often circular or ____ with mouth at one end

Diploblastic

radiata: ectoderm and endoderm. 2 germ layers