bio quiz 2.2

ph scale

measurement system used to indicate the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution; ranges from 0 to 14

non-polar molecule

molecule that shares electrons equally and does not have oppositely charged ends

Water molecules are polar, with the

oxygen side being slightly negative and the hydrogen side being slightly positive

covalent bond

A chemical bond that involves sharing a pair of electrons between atoms in a molecule

Solution

A homogeneous mixture of two or more substances

Solvent

A liquid substance capable of dissolving other substances

polar molecule

A molecule that has electrically charged areas.

base

A substance that decreases the hydrogen ion concentration in a solution.

Acid

A substance that increases the hydrogen ion concentration of a solution.

Solute

A substance that is dissolved in a solution.

adhesion

An attraction between molecules of different substances

Cohesion

Attraction between molecules of the same substance

like dissolves like

Water is polar. Oil is non polar. Water will not dissolve oil. Water is polar. Salt is ionic (which is considered extremely polar). Like dissolves like, that means polar dissolves polar, so water dissolves salt.

low ph

acid

high ph

basic

ph

hydrogen ion concentration

Water is called the universal solvent because

it is capable of dissolving more substances than any other liquid.It is water's chemical composition and physical attributes that make it such an excellent solvent. Water molecules have a polar arrangement of oxygen and hydrogen atoms—one side (hydrogen) has a positive electrical charge and the other side (oxygen) had a negative charge. This allows the water molecule to become attracted to many other different types of molecules.

capillary action

the attraction of the surface of a liquid to the surface of a solid

Oil and water don't mix because

water is polar and oil is non polar even when you mix oil and water together they still separate. The oil always floats to the top because it is less dense than water. Oil and water don't mix because water molecules are more attracted to each other than to oil molecules.

hydrogen bond

weak attraction between a hydrogen atom and another atom