BIO Transcription

During transcription, in which direction is (1) RNA synthesized and in which direction is (2) the DNA template

5' -> 3' & 3' ->5'

A promoter is

A sequence in DNA that brings RNA polymerase near the site for transcription

What determines which base is to be added to an RNA strand during transcription?

Base pairing between the DNA template strand and the RNA nucleotides. Transcription involves the formation of an RNA strand that is complementary to the DNA template strand.

Which of the following terms best describes the relationship between the newly synthesized RNA molecule and the DNA template strand?

Complementary. Because the template strand determines the nucleotides to be added to the RNA strand, using the same complementary rules of the DNA, they will be complementary to each other.

What happens to RNA polymerase II after it has completed transcription of a gene?

It is free to bind to another promoter and begin transcription.

DNA does not store information to synthesize?

Organelles. Synthesis of organelles is not directly coded in the DNA.

Why are ribonucleoside triphosphates the monomers required for RNA synthesis rather than ribonucleoside monophosphates?

Ribonucleoside triphosphates have high potential energy, making the polymerization reaction exergonic. Because ribonucleoside triphosphates have three negatively charged phosphates close together, they have high potential energy, which is released during polymerization, making RNA synthesis spontaneous (ΔG<0) in cells.

Which of the following statements best describes the promoter of a protein-coding gene?

The promoter is a non transcribed region of a gene. The promoter is the regulatory region of a protein-coding gene at which RNA polymerase must bind to initiate transcription- it is not transcribed into the RNA.

What is the process called that converts the genetic information stored in DNA to an RNA copy

Transcription DNA is transcribed to give RNA a copy.

Differential gene expression is the result of different cells containing different

regulatory proteins.