Biochem Unit 4 Carbohydrates-Sugars Dr Corso
b-lactam antibiotics
Block the formation of bacterial cell wall formation by blocking the formation of the peptidoglycans.
D-gluconate.
D-Glucose is called a reducing sugar because it undergoes an oxidation-reduction reaction at the anomeric carbon. One of the products of this reaction is:
D-mannose
D-glucose is epimerized on carbon #2. What did it become?
1 (no chiral carbons)
Draw glycerol. How many stereoisomers are there?
C-4 of glucose is joined to C-1 of galactose by a glycosidic bond
From the abbreviated name of the compound Gal(b1 à 4)Glc, we know that
A)C-4 of glucose is joined to C-1 of galactose by a glycosidic bond.
From the abbreviated name of the compound Gal(b1 à 4)Glc, we know that:
alcohol ketone
Fructose contains what functional groups?
Cellulose
Glc(b1à4)x
Chitin
GlcNAc(b1à4)x
O-group antigens.
Helicobacter pylori has a lectin that recognizes part of the ___________ antigens
glucose is oxidized
If a urine sample of a diabetic patient has Copper (II) Nitrate added to it, is heated and as a result a brick red precipitate forms, what most likely happened?
asparagine, serine, or threonine
In glycoproteins, the carbohydrate moiety is always attached through which amino acid residues:
No, but it is the same as D-2-deoxymannose.
Is D-2-deoxyglucose the same thing as D-2-deoxygalactose?
mannose glucose glucuronate galactose fructose ribose
Name the 6 sugars that are monosaccharides?
a-D-glucose
Starch and glycogen are both polymers of:
Gal(beta1-4)
The enzyme lactase, found in our intestine, breaks which type of bond?
sorbitol
The reduced form of glucose is named?
O
Type ________ people have a risk for ulcers that is 7 time higher that A or B
beta 1-4 bonds
What biochemical feature is common in cellulose and is not found in glycogen?
GLycan
What is another biochemical name for a repeating disaccharide?
R
What is the configuration of D-glyceraldehyde?
Amylopectin
What sugar is this
Amylose
What sugar is this
Argarose
What sugar is this
Cellulose
What sugar is this
Chitin
What sugar is this
Deoxyribose
What sugar is this
Dihyudroxyacetone
What sugar is this
Erythose
What sugar is this
Fructose
What sugar is this
Galactosamine
What sugar is this
Galactose
What sugar is this
Glucose
What sugar is this
Glyceraldehyde
What sugar is this
Lactose
What sugar is this
Mannose
What sugar is this
Ribose
What sugar is this
Sugar
What sugar is this
Trehalose
What sugar is this
one of the alcohol groups reacted with the aldehyde
When glucose forms a ring, what happened?
a)hemiacetal.
When the linear form of glucose cyclizes, the product is a(n):
hemiacetal
When the linear form of glucose cyclizes, the product is a(n):
a-D-glucose and b-D-glucose anomeric bc C keeps flipping
Which of following is an anomeric pair? a)D-glucose and D-fructose b)D-glucose and L-fructose c)D-glucose and L-glucose d) a-D-glucose and b-D-glucose e) a-D-glucose and b-L-glucose
Glc(alpha1-4) Glc(alpha1-6)
Which of the following bond is found in glycogen?
Glc(alpha1-6) Glc(alpha1-4)
Which of the following bond is found in glycogen? (pick all that apply) Glc(beta1-4) Glc(alpha1-6) Gal(beta1-4) Glc(alpha1-4) All of the above
Maltose amylose
Which of the following contains glucose (a1-4) bond?
Hyaluronate
Which of the following is a heteropolysaccharide A)Cellulose B)Chitin C)Glycogen D)Hyaluronate E)Starch
mannose and galactose
Which of the following is an epimer of glucose?
amylose maltose
Which of the following is contains glucose (a1-4) bond?
Sucrose
Which of the following is not a reducing sugar? a)Fructose b)Glucose c)Glyceraldehyde d)Ribose e)Sucrose
Glucose
Which of the following monosaccharides is not a carboxylic acid? A)6-phospho-gluconate B)gluconate C)glucose D)glucuronate E)muramic acid
Fructose
Which of the following sugars contains a ketone?
Maltose
Which of the following sugars contains only glucose? chitin lactose heparin sucrose maltose
sucrose
Which of the following sugars would test negative to the reducing sugar test? glucose lactose galactose maltose mannose sucrose
Indirect bilirubin
_____________________ is the non-conjugated form bound to albumin
Glucuronates
______________________ are commonly used to increase water solubility of target molecules to facilitate excretion from the body
Penicillin
_______________________prevents the synthesis of the peptide cross-links leaving the cell vulnerable to osmotic lysis.
Oligosaccharides
______________________can be used for protein targeting
glycolipid
a membrane lipid with an oligosaccharide attached
proteoglycan
a protein with a repeating disaccharides attached
glycoprotein
a protein with an oligosaccharide attached
glycogen
a(1-6) branch points in (animal starch)
amylopectin
a(1-6) branch points in (plant starch)
Direct bilirubin
is water soluble conjugated form.
glycan
repeating disaccharide
peptidoglycan
repeating disaccharides cross-linked with amino acid chains
