Biol 240 - Chapter 20
Which vein collects venous drainage from the anterior side of the heart and travels alongside the anterior interventricular artery?
Great Cardiac
The anuli fibrosi are composed of collagen and elastic fibers and support the _____.
Heart valves
The groove that extends downward from the coronary sulcus on the back of the heart is the posterior ______ sulcus.
Interventricular
The left atrioventricular valve resembles the ceremonial headdress of the church bishop and is therefore called the _____ valve.
Mitral
The left atrioventricular valve is called the
Mitral Bicuspid
The outer wall of the pericardium, the double-walled sac that encloses the heart, is called the ______.
Pericardial Sac
Which half of the heart pumps blood to the lungs?
Right
Blood is distributed to the body and returned to the heart via the ______ circuit.
Systemic
The atria can be described as _____.
Thin walled receiving chambers
Which valve is found between the right atrium and ventricle?
Tricuspid
The capacity of the heart to spontaneously conduct at regular intervals is referred to as ______.
autorhythmic
The atrioventricular bundle forks into right and left ______.
bundle branches
The left and right regions of the heart pump at the same time. The right side of the heart pumps to the ______ and the left site of the heart pumps to the ______.
lungs, body
The sinoatrial (SA) node is a patch of cardiocytes located in the ______.
right atrium
The pacemaker of the heart that initiates each heartbeat is the ______.
sinoatrial node
The auricle extends beyond each atria and serves to ______.
slightly increase the volume
The connective tissue framework of the heart is concentrated in the fibrous rings around the valves called the ______.
Anuli fibrosi
The blood vessel that carries blood away from the left ventricle is the ______.
Aorta
The systemic circuit pumps blood into the body through the ______.
Aorta
What is a convergence of two arteries called?
Arterial anastomosis
The receiving chambers for blood returning to the heart from the systemic and pulmonary circulation are called ______.
Atria
The passage of blood from the atria to the ventricles is regulated by which valves?
Atrioventricular
What is the earlike extension of each atrium called?
Auricle
List in order the events of blood flow through the heart, starting from the blood entering the atria from the vena cava.
Blood enters the R atrium from Vena Cava Blood flows to R ventricle R ventricle contracts forcing blood into pulmonary vessels Blood returns from lungs to L atrium via pulmonary veins Blood flows to the L ventricle Oxygenated blood leaves L ventricle via ascending aorta
The cardiovascular system is comprised of ______.
Blood vessels, heart
The myocardium is composed mostly of ______.
Cardiac Muscle
The field that embraces the study of the heart, clinical evaluation and treatment of disease is ______.
Cardiology
The tough outer layer of the pericardium is composed of ______.
Connective Tissue
Lifting the margins of the atria exposes the ______ which marks the boundary between the atria from the ventricles.
Coronary Sulcus
Which groove encircles the heart, separating the atria from the ventricles?
Coronary Sulcus
The atrioventricular valves consist of fibrous flaps covered with endocardium and are called ______.
Cusps
The inner most layer of the wall of the heart is called the ______.
Endocardium
Three layers of the heart wall, deepest layer to superficial
Endocardium, Myocardium, Epicardium
The heart valves are located between each atrium and the corresponding ventricle and at the ______.
Exit of the right ventricle into the pulmonary trunk Exit of the left ventricle into the aorta
The framework of collagenous and elastic fibers found in the walls between chambers form the ______ skeleton of the heart.
Fibrous
The ear-like extension that covers the left atrium is called the ______.
Left auricle
The middle layer of the heart, composed of cardiac muscle, is called the ______.
Myocardium
Conical muscles on the floor of the ventricle that help prevent the AV valves from bulging into the atria are called ______.
Papillary Muscles
Conical muscles seen in the ventricles that tug on the tendinous cords are called ______.
Papillary muscles
The internal ridges of myocardium found in the right atrium and both auricles are referred to as ______.
Pectinate muscles
What are the functions of the fibrous skeleton?
Provides electrical insulation between the atria and ventricles. Provides structural support for the heart Anchors the cardiocytes and give them something to pull against
Blood is carried to the lungs for gas exchange and returned to the heart by way of the ______ circuit.
Pulmonary
When the right ventricle contracts, blood is ejects through the pulmonary valve into the ______.
Pulmonary Trunk
Blood returns to the heart from the pulmonary circuit via _____.
Pulmonary Veins
Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs via _____.
Pulmonary arteries
The region of the heart that supplies blood to the pulmonary circuit is the _____.
Right Half
The aortic valve is one of the
Semilunar Valves
The aortic valve is one of the ______.
Semilunar Valves
What are the string-like structures that attach the AV valves to the papillary muscles called?
Tendinous Cords
The myocardium receives oxygen and nutrients from ______.
The coronary circulation
The chordae tendineae resemble the lines on a parachute and prevent ______.
The cusps of the AV valves from bulging into the atria
The heart, by way of the coronary circulation, receives about 5% of the circulating blood. In relation to the heart's size this means that ______.
The heart is receiving about 10 times the amount of blood as predicted by its size
The right atrioventricular valve is called the ______.
Tricuspid valve
One way flow of blood through the heart is maintained by pressure changes resulting from muscular contractions and ______.
Valves
Blood in the systemic circuit returns to the heart by way of the ______.
Venae Cavae
The chambers that pump blood into arteries are called the ______.
Ventricles
The thick inferior chambers of the heart that pump blood into the arteries are called
Ventricles
During which phase of the cardiac cycle does blood flow through the coronary circulation?
Ventricular Diastole
When does blood flow through the coronary circulation increase?
Ventricular Diastole
Where two arteries come together is called a(n) ______.
anastomosis
The great cardiac vein drains blood from the ______.
anterior aspect of the heart
A cord of modified cardiocytes that carries signals from the AV node through the fibrous skeleton of the heart is called the ______.
atrioventricular bundle
The electrical gateway to the ventricles is the ______.
atrioventricular node
The left atrioventricular valve is also called the
bicuspid valve
The atrioventricular node is located at the ______.
end of the interatrial septum
The blood vessel that collects venous drainage from the anterior side of the heart and travels alongside the anterior interventricular artery is the ' ' cardiac vein.
great
The pacemaker that initiates contraction of the heart is found in the ______.
heart
The pericardial sac can best be described as ______.
A double walled sac composed of a fibrous and serous layer
The right atrioventricular valve is also called the
tricuspid valve