biology 101 chapter 1 homework questions
How is a community different from an ecosystem?
A community consists of all of the interacting populations in an ecosystem. An ecosystem includes the non-living components that affect life as well as all of the interacting populations in a given area
What order should these statements go in for the scientific method?
If mice are exposed to elevated levels of poison, the frequency of the genetic abnormalities in these mice will increase Could poison from the plastic be affecting the mice in the damaged cages? The eggs of mice in plastic cages washed with hard soap displayed problems during cell division that caused genetic abnormalities The frequency of genetic abnormalities in mice is affected by exposure to the poison observation, question, hypothesis, prediction
A research team designs an experiment to increase the speed of athletes. The athletes' diet and sleep routines are altered for two weeks. Is this an example of a controlled study?
No. A controlled study only changes one variable at a time.
Researchers want to learn which type of toy children prefer. To conduct their controlled experiment, they buy two different toys and place them in a room. The researchers then bring children into the room and measure how long they play with each toy. Which is the independent and dependent variable
The independent variable is the type of toy, and the dependent variable is the length of play time.
What describes a hypothesis?
a proposed explanation for an observation or question
What describes a theory?
broad scope, evidence supports it, has withstood the test of time
The ____ establishes a base line for an experiment
control group
For a _____ experiment, the company's normal shampoo will be compared to the new shampoo by multiple participants, but all other conditions (i.e., water temperature, length of hair wash) will be kept the same between participants' hair washing.
controlled
The type of test that changes only one variable at a time in order to isolate the results is known as a _____ experiment
controlled
The ____ variable is the factor a scientist observes to see the effect of the change made
dependent/response
In a ____ experiment, neither the participants nor the researchers know who receives the treatment and who does not.
double-blind study
The one variable that is manipulated by a scientist as a potential cause in an experiment is the ____ variable
independent/manipulated
By definition, a theory
is supported by a large body of evidence
The ____ is a group in which no response is expected
negative control
What is the process of science order?
no correct order! observation, communication, testing, and outcomes
Each spring, high school students, college interns, and retirees count and weigh tiny glass eels in streams that feed into the Hudson River. They report their observations to the New York State Department of Environmental Conservation Hudson River Estuary Program and the National Estuarine Research Reserve System, who depend on volunteers to help build a database of information about glass eels. The observations that these volunteers make would best be described as __________.
observational studies
The ____ is a group in which a response is expected
positive control
Properties of all living things
reproduces its own kind takes in, converts, and expels energy complex but well ordered structure responds to environment population evolves over time
Which of the following features would be useful in identifying pseudoscience?
sample size, BELIEFS, scientific method, or control groups
In a ____ experiment, the researchers--but not the participants--know who receives the treatment and who does not, to eliminate subjective bias.target 7 of 8
single-blind study
Smallest to largest scale with organism, atom, organ, population, community, molecule, cell, ecosystem, tissue, and biosphere
smallest: atom, molecule, cell, tissue, organ, organism, population, community, ecosystem, biosphere: largest
An aspect of a scientific experiment that changes...
variable